scholarly journals General Anesthesia With Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil in a Neonate During oracotomy and Resection of a Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellise Cappuccio ◽  
Arlyne K. Thung ◽  
Joseph D. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Intravenous Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation ◽  
Animal Data

Based on animal data, concern has been expressed regarding the potential deleterious neurocognitive effects of general anesthesia during infancy and early life. Although there are no definitive data to prove this effect, the neonatal period has been suggested to be the most vulnerable period. While various inhaled and intravenous anesthetic agents have been implicated, dexmedetomidine and the opioids may be devoid of such effects. However, there are limited data regarding the combination of these agents during neonatal surgery and anesthesia. We present the use of these agents in combination with epidural anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in a 1-day-old neonate during thoracotomy and excision of a congental cystic adenomatoid malformation. Previous reports of the use of this unique combination of agents are reviewed and their role in this scenario discussed.

scholarly journals Anesthesia in Multiple Sclerosis

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bamford ◽  
W. Sibley ◽  
J. Laguna
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
History Of

SUMMARY:The effect of general anesthesia on 42 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who underwent 88 episodes of general anesthesia was analyzed. One patient experienced a relapse after a procedure under general anesthesia, which is compatible with the natural history of the disease. A literature review revealed little information on this subject or on the use of particular anesthetic agents in MS. Our experience with spinal and local anesthesia is reported. In the evaluation of the former our limited data suggested that spinal anesthesia is less preferable than other alternatives in MS. Local anesthetics had a benign effect on the course of MS.

Novel Findings of Anti-cancer Property of Propofol

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqiang Wang ◽  
Chien-shan Cheng ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Xiaowei Ding ◽  
Minmin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Intravenous Anesthetic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Recent Attention

Background: Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent, is traditionally applied for sedation and general anesthesia. Explanation: Recent attention has been drawn to explore the effect and mechanisms of propofol against cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, the proliferation-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing properties of propofol in cancer have been studied. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Conclusion: This review focused on the findings within the past ten years and aimed to provide a general overview of propofol's malignance-modulating properties and the potential molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals General anesthesia with remimazolam in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Suzuki ◽  
Matsuyuki Doi ◽  
Yoshiki Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Mitochondrial Disease ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents

Abstract Background Systemic anesthetic management of patients with mitochondrial disease requires careful preoperative preparation to administer adequate anesthesia and address potential disease-related complications. The appropriate general anesthetic agents to use in these patients remain controversial. Case presentation A 54-year-old woman (height, 145 cm; weight, 43 kg) diagnosed with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes underwent elective cochlear implantation. Infusions of intravenous remimazolam and remifentanil guided by patient state index monitoring were used for anesthesia induction and maintenance. Neither lactic acidosis nor prolonged muscle relaxation occurred in the perioperative period. At the end of surgery, flumazenil was administered to antagonize sedation, which rapidly resulted in consciousness. Conclusions Remimazolam administration and reversal with flumazenil were successfully used for general anesthesia in a patient with mitochondrial disease.

scholarly journals Early life stress during the neonatal period alters social play and Line1 during the juvenile stage of development

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Cuarenta ◽  
Stacey L. Kigar ◽  
Ian C. Henion ◽  
Liza Chang ◽  
Vaishali P. Bakshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Social Play ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Dna Copy Number ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Stage Of Development

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS) has been shown to have a significant impact on typical brain development and the manifestation of psychological disorders through epigenetic modifications that alter gene expression. Line1, a retrotransposon associated with genetic diversity, has been linked with various psychological disorders that are associated with ELS. Our previous work demonstrated altered Line1 DNA copy number in the neonatal period following stressful experiences; we therefore chose to investigate whether early life stress altered Line1 retrotransposition persists into the juvenile period of development. Our study uses a neonatal predator odor exposure (POE) paradigm to model ELS in rats. We examined Line1 using qPCR to assess Line1 expression levels and DNA copy number in the male and female juvenile amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex—areas chosen for their association with affective disorders and stress. We report a sex difference in Line1 levels within the juvenile amygdala. We also find that ELS significantly increases Line1 DNA copy number within the juvenile amygdala which correlates with reduced juvenile social play levels, suggesting the possibility that Line1 may influence juvenile social development.

scholarly journals Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Myocardial Protection and Preconditioning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minati Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Myocardial Protection ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Volatile Anesthetic ◽  
Organ Protection ◽  
Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Anesthetic Preconditioning

AbstractPerioperative myocardial injury is common after any major surgical procedure even with best possible anesthesia and surgical management. Organ preservation during surgical procedure prevents morbidity and mortality. The effect of ischemic preconditioning on myocardial as well as other organ protection is well known. A variety of other agents also shown to have preconditioning thus protective effect on myocardium during anesthesia and surgery. The beneficial effect of volatile anesthetic preconditioning is well studied. However, the effect of intravenous anesthetic agents on this context is still way to go. This review is an attempt to look into the latest available research regarding the preconditioning and myocardial protective effect of intravenous anesthetic agents.

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