Adverse Drug Reactions and Comorbidities in Patient Treated for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-454
Author(s):  
Pournima Yadav ◽  
Sachin Rohane ◽  
Atish Velhal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Medication Dose

Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, which was first recognized in Wuhan, China in Dec 2019. Through various mechanism action of drug which are used for the treatment of Covid-19, it is know that how actually the drug can shows its working, mechanism on this disease. Comorbidities are associated with the high mortality in patient with coronavirus disease, so they will develop a more symptoms. Peoples are suffering comorbities like Covid-19 with Diabetes, Covid-19 with Hypertension, Covid-19 and Asthma, Covid-19 and COPD, Covid-19 and HIV, etc. According to different patient age group treatment of the particular medication, dose, and route of administration should be recommend by the healthcare professional and after receiving the treatment, the patients are suffering from adverse drug reactions of some medications like allergic reactions, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, fever, etc and drug-drug interaction may happen. Thus, this review is all about to highlight the patients who suffering from comorbidities and to study the adverse drug reactions of the medications prescribed for patient suffering from Covid-19.

scholarly journals Prescribing pattern of antimicrobials and adverse drug reactions in children suffering from lower respiratory tract infection in tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Tarun Arora ◽  
Rudhra Prabhakar Kadali ◽  
Rakhamaji D. Chandane ◽  
Chandrapal Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Prescribing Pattern

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections are leading cause of mortality in children in India. Further, indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has led to increased drug resistance and large number of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Therefore, aim of study was to study antimicrobial prescribing pattern and record incidence and causality assessment of ADRs in pediatric in-patients having lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI).Methods: In this prospective and observational study total of 300 children aged 2 months to 12 years suffering from LRTI and hospitalized for minimum 48 hrs duration were included. A descriptive analysis was carried out to determine frequency and combinations of antibiotics prescribed and causality and number of ADRs.Results: Out of 300 subjects, 70.3% of patients were males and 54.6% of cases with LRTI belonged to 2-6 months age group. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic was ceftriaxone alone in 67 (22.3%) patients while ceftriaxone and amikacin was the most common 2 drug combination in 60 (20%) patients. Ceftriaxone, ampicillin and gentamicin was most common 3 drug combination in 7 (2.3%) patients. There were 49 cases (16.3%) of ADRs and maximum were in 2-6 months age group and ceftriaxone with amikacin was associated with maximum number 10 (20.4%) of cases. Diarrhoea was most frequent adverse effect associated with antibiotics in 36 (76.6%) cases.Conclusions: The use of cephalosporins (single or combination) are most commonly used drug and associated with maximum number of ADRs in 2-6 months male children with LRTI so clinicians should use them judiciously and rationally.

Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahakpreet Singh ◽  
Ruchika Sharma ◽  
Anoop Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Authorization Holder

Background:Recently, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved sodium/ glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SGLT2 inhibitors in large group of population, very less information is available. Thus, we have tried to find out the risk profile of SGLT2 inhibitors. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,042 studies have been published from Nov. 2012-Nov. 2017 regarding SGLT2 inhibitors. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 studies have been selected for the analysis of risk. Results and Discussion:The emerging evidence indicates various adverse drug reactions such as foot and toe amputation, cancer, diabetic ketoacidosis, bone fracture risk and urinary as well as mycotic genital infection. The causality assessment has shown a correlation between SGLT2 inhibitors and diabetic ketoacidosis and urinary tract infection. Conclusion:In conclusion, Marketing Authorization Holder (MAH) and Regulatory Authorities (RA) should monitor various adverse drug reactions such as diabetic ketoacidosis and urinary tract infection with the use of SGLT2 inhibitor.

scholarly journals Pattern of adverse drug reactions reported to the regional Pharmacovigilance center at Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Bista ◽  
Bal Ram Shrestha ◽  
Prakash Rai ◽  
Akhilesh Chandra Jauhari ◽  
Vishnu Kant Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Causality Assessment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Preliminary Stage ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Probable Relationship ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Center ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

The Pharmacovigilance program in Nepal is at very preliminary stage. Present study analyzed the pattern, causality, severity and preventability of the reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to the Pharmacovigilance center at Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), from June 2007 to July 2011. A total of 40 ADR cases were reported, among which 23 (57.5%) were in males and 17 (42.5%) in females. Nineteen (47.5%) ADRs were reported in the age group between 21-40 years. Department of Medicine reported 12(30%) ADRs. Among the total ADRs, antibiotics [n=17, (42.5%)] were responsible for most of the reactions followed by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [n=5, (12.5%)]. Most of the drugs were found to affect dermatological system [n=14, (35%)]. Carbamazepine accounted for 5 (12.5%) ADRs. The causality assessment showed 34 (85%) of the ADRs to have a ‘probable’ relationship with the suspected reaction.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnpa.v26i1.6633JNPA. XXVI(1) 2012 54-61

scholarly journals Drug allergy in children: what should you know?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
S.L. Nyankovskyy ◽  
О.S. Nyankovska ◽  
M.S. Yatsula ◽  
M.I. Horodylovska
Keyword(s):  
Drug Allergy ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Drug Eruptions ◽  
Over The Counter Medicines

Drug reactions cause 6.5 % of all hospital admissions. They develop with a rate of 15 % in patients who are trea­ted in hospitals. The risk of drug reactions should be considered in the differential diagnosis when any medical problem occurs in a person who uses medication. In children, the major difficulty in the diagnosis of drug allergy is differentiation of maculopapular drug eruptions from viral exanthem which is observed very commonly in this age group. In treatment of allergic reactions, the first step is to immediately discontinue the drug. Avoidance of using over-the-counter medicines and using drugs orally if possible are important in terms of prevention of drug allergies. Cross-reactivity between drugs with similar structure should be considered when choosing an alternative medication. Antihistamines, in particular dimetindene maleate — Edermik, can be used for the prevention and treatment of drug reactions at the outpatient stage.

scholarly journals THESIGNIFICANCE OF PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING FOR BETTER ANAESTHETIC OUTCOME AND LESSSURGICALSTRESS. Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Kristina Tatzhikova ◽  
Bela Kantemirova ◽  
Aleksei Zhidovinov ◽  
Irakliy Kitiashvili
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Depth Of Anesthesia ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Stress Protection

The review is devoted to the problem of optimizing the anesthetic manual based on pharmacogenetic data in order to achieve an adequate depth of anesthesia and stress protection and reduce the number of adverse drug reactions. We analyzed the data of Pub Med and Web of Science databases to investigate the influence of genetic polymorphism on the body's response to the main groups of drugs used for anesthesia, and changes in the effects of drug interaction. Specifically, we have reported that the use of preoperative genetic screening for a set of markers (polymorphic alleles of a number of cytochromes) is a promising tool in the anesthesiologist's practice.

scholarly journals Consequences of Use

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Elizabeth Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
The Difference

What is the difference between an allergic reaction and an adverse reaction? What are the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction? All allergic reactions to a drug are adverse drug reactions, but adverse drug reactions also include many other kinds of reactions. Every antibiotic...

scholarly journals A Prospective Study on Adverse Drug Reactions in Inpatients of General Medicine Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital- A clinical Pharmacist-led Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Shereen Hassan ◽  
U. Ujwal Kumar ◽  
Venessa Mascarenhas ◽  
G. Suresh ◽  
K. C. Bharath Raj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Causality Assessment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Medicine Department

The present study was carried out to determine the incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) in general medicine department and to assess and analyze the causality, severity, and preventability of ADRs. A prospective observational study was conducted in the general medicine department for six months. All patients receiving drug therapy are considered and are selected based on the inclusion criteria. Patient demographic details like age, gender, diagnosis, past medical history, concomitant medications, etc., are recorded from the patient data gathering form. The causality assessment is accomplished using Naranjo and WHO scales. The severity is carried out using the Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. The preventability evaluation is accomplished using the Modified Schmock and Thornton scale. The study included 385 patients were between the age group of 18 years and, out of which 34 patients developed adverse drug effects including female and male. Patients between the age group of 40-50 years (18.1%) developed a high incidence of ADRs. The causality was assessed using Naranjo’s causality assessment scale, 44.1% reactions were probable; 29.4% reactions were certain, 23.5% reactions were possible and 2.9 % reactions were conditional. When the reactions were assessed most of them were assessed 55.1% were moderate and 61.8% were probably preventable. Appropriate observation of the drug effect is essential to ensure the safety of the patient. This also will have the advantage of reducing the incidence of the ADRs, thus deplete the complications and helps to improve the quality of life of the patients.

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