scholarly journals Leiomiosarcoma primario de páncreas. A propósito de un caso

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Carnevale ◽  
Adolfo Wulfson ◽  
Claudio Guerrina
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Haematogenous Metastasis ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Primary Pancreatic Leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumour. It probably originates from the smooth muscle of the pancreatic ducts or the small pancreatic vessels. Given its rarity and the scarce published cases, only few data are available regarding its epidemiological characteristics, evolution and therapeutic strategies. Common elements of the previously published cases were poor prognosis and aggressive course with early haematogenous metastasis. Case report. A 61-year-old man presented with subacute abdominal pain and weight loss. Abdominal computerized tomography showed a large solid mass that encompasses the body and head of the pancreas in addition to multiple solid nodular lesions in the liver compatible with metastases. Pathology report. Primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma, immunologically-stained positive for caldesmon, smooth muscle actin. Chemotherapy was given with initial improvement. The patient survived for 27 months. Conclusion. The rarity and the ominous course of primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma impose great medical challenge. It also lacks specific clinical and imaging characteristics and evidence-based treatment strategy. The immunohistochemically diagnosis proves to be essential, due to the important differential diagnosis. Its ominous prognosis corresponds to its aggressive course and early haematogenous metastases.

Intralobular Distribution of Ovarian-like Stroma in Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms: Hypothesis on Its Tumorigenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Fukumura ◽  
Yuko Kinowaki ◽  
Yoko Matsuda ◽  
Masaru Takase ◽  
Momoko Tonosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Wnt Pathway ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm ◽  
Cystic Neoplasm ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Cystic Neoplasms ◽  
Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms

Abstract Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) harbors two histological components, tumor epithelia and ovarian-like stroma (OLS). To examine the tumorigenesis of pancreatic MCNs, this study analyzed the distribution, amount, immunohistochemical phenotype, presence of theca cells of the OLS, and the alteration of tumor epithelium of 29 surgically resected MCN cases and compared them with tumor sizes. Non-mucinous type epithelium was present in all low-grade MCNs but its ratio decreased with tumor size (p < 0.05), suggesting that epithelial mucinous changes are a progression phenomenon. The intralobular distribution of OLS was observed in 27.6 % of MCN cases and its existence related to a smaller size (p< 0.05), suggesting intralobular generation of MCNs. Nuclear expression of β-catenin was observed for OLS of everywhere, suggesting consistent activation of the Wnt pathway for OLS. Three MCN cases (10.3%) contained a-smooth muscle actin (SMA)-negative OLS, where OLS surrounding dilated pancreatic ducts or MCN cysts were a-SMA-positive and otherwise negative, suggesting that a-SMA-positivity is an acquired phenomenon of OLS. With this study, we could hypothesize that pancreatic MCNs may generate intralobularly. Epithelial mucinous change and a-SMA-positivity of OLS may be progression phenomena. This is the first study to show the intralobular distribution of OLS.

scholarly journals Diagnostic dilemma in soft tissue swelling over finger

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Nagpal ◽  
Arvind Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soft Tissue Swelling

Myopericytoma is a benign tumor that shows a pericytic line of differentiation. The lesion is generally located in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue and has a predilection for distal extremities, but may be found in any part of the body. We present a case of 48-year old male who came with painful swelling in right middle finger for the past 2 years. Histopathology showed proliferation of spindle-shaped cells exhibiting a hemangio-pericytomatous pattern with various sized vessels lined by flattened endothelium and surrounded by a concentric arrangement of spindle-shaped cells. Tumor cells show membranous positivity for smooth muscle actin but negative for desmin and CD 34. Hence diagnosis of intravenous myopericytoma was established.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of a 15-Year-Old Boy with Two Accessory Nipples: One in the Forearm and One in the Milk Line

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Tauchen ◽  
Essie Kueberuwa ◽  
Kenneth Schiffman ◽  
Kumaran M. Mudaliar ◽  
Shelley S. Noland
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Volar Forearm

A 15-year-old male presented for evaluation of a volar forearm mass that he noticed four years before. The mass was not painful and his main concern was cosmesis. The mass was two centimeters in diameter with a pinpoint central sinus and scant drainage. After excision, the pathology report noted pilosebaceous units and smooth muscle bundles, consistent with an accessory nipple. In addition, the patient had another accessory nipple in the “milk line” on his torso. While accessory nipples and breast tissue have been reported in numerous locations throughout the body, this is the first reported case of an accessory nipple on the forearm.

scholarly journals An oncological curiosity of a male patient with a huge leiomyoma of the terminal ileum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syaza Zainudin ◽  
Saravana Kumar Rajanthran ◽  
Nornazirah Azizan ◽  
Firdaus Hayati ◽  
Joriana Ginawoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumour ◽  
The Right

Abstract Leiomyoma is a smooth muscle tumour that can arise in any part of the body especially the uterus. Even though it is traditionally linked with hormonal influence, it can also develop in extrauterine organs with a slight female predominance. It is indistinguishable with gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) histologically. We report a case of a 30-year-old gentleman who presented with a huge painful mass in the right iliac fossa. Computed tomography revealed a 10 × 10 cm homogeneous mass arising from the terminal ileum; he subsequently underwent an open right hemicolectomy. Histology showed a well-circumscribed lesion composed of interlacing bundles of smooth muscle fibres of the submucosa with positive smooth muscle actin and H-Caldesmon stains but negative for DOG-1 and CD117 (c-kit) stains which were consistent with leiomyoma. Despite its rarity, this hormone-related tumour needs to be considered regardless of gender. Immunohistochemistry is paramount as it is histologically identical to GIST.

Integrin-Focal Adhesion Coupling and Substrate Stiffness Affect Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin Expression in Fibroblasts

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison K. Schroer ◽  
W. David Merryman
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Heart Valve Disease ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Sense And Respond

Fibroblast cells play a key role in producing and maintaining connective tissue throughout the body. The ability of these cells to differentiate into a more active myofibroblastic phenotype is important during development and wound healing, but prolonged myofibroblast activation can lead to overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins and stiffening of the surrounding tissue. This stiffening can cause heightened differentiation of neighboring fibroblast through force transduction pathways and can lead to detrimental fibrotic pathologies in many organ systems. Atherosclerosis, interstitial lung disease, cirrhosis and heart valve disease are fibrotic diseases that cause significant cost and mortality in our society. Understanding the processes by which cells sense and respond to substrate stiffness is crucial to the treatment of connective tissue diseases. One primary indicator of the myofibroblastic phenotype is the production of α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) bundles called stress fibers which help transmit stress inside the cell and increases the contractility of the cells and their surrounding tissue [1].

Leiomyosarcoma of the tongue: a very rare tumour

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Mayall ◽  
Joy Hickman ◽  
Charles Bulman ◽  
Robert Blewitt
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Rare Tumour

AbstractWe describe a leiomyosarcoma of the tongue in a 60-year-old man. The diagnosis was supported by immunohistochemical positivity for desmin and alpha-1 smooth muscle actin.

scholarly journals Procyanidin B2 Reduces Vascular Calcification through Inactivation of ERK1/2-RUNX2 Pathway

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Yingquan Liang ◽  
Guilan Chen ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Yang ◽  
Yuanli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Runx2 Expression ◽  
Plaque Instability ◽  
Related Transcription Factor

Vascular calcification is strongly associated with atherosclerotic plaque burden and plaque instability. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) increases runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression to promote vascular calcification. Procyanidin B2 (PB2), a potent antioxidant, can inhibit ERK1/2 activation in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). However, the effects and involved mechanisms of PB2 on atherosclerotic calcification remain unknown. In current study, we fed apoE-deficient (apoE−/−) mice a high-fat diet (HFD) while treating the animals with PB2 for 18 weeks. At the end of the study, we collected blood and aorta samples to determine atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. We found PB2 treatment decreased lesions in en face aorta, thoracic, and abdominal aortas by 21.4, 24.6, and 33.5%, respectively, and reduced sinus lesions in the aortic root by 17.1%. PB2 also increased α-smooth muscle actin expression and collagen content in lesion areas. In the aortic root, PB2 reduced atherosclerotic calcification areas by 75.8%. In vitro, PB2 inhibited inorganic phosphate-induced osteogenesis in HASMCs and aortic rings. Mechanistically, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and RUNX2 were markedly downregulated by PB2 treatment. Additionally, PB2 inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the aortic root plaques of apoE−/− mice and calcified HASMCs. Reciprocally, the activation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by C2-MEK1-mut or epidermal growth factor can partially restore the PB2-inhibited RUNX2 expression or HASMC calcification. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PB2 inhibits vascular calcification through the inactivation of the ERK1/2-RUNX2 pathway. Our study also suggests that PB2 can be a potential option for vascular calcification treatment.

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