scholarly journals Attributes of the outstanding universal value of Kazan university astronomical observatories

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-342
Author(s):  
R. M. Valeev ◽  
R. R. Khairutdinov ◽  
A. G. Sitdikov ◽  
R. R. Valeeva-Khakimova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
The 19Th Century

Since 2003, UNESCO has been actively promoting an initiative to include monuments related to astronomical heritage in the World Heritage List. One of the potential objects within the framework of this initiative could be observatories of Kazan University – the historical building of the observatory of Kazan Imperial University of the 19th century and the complex of the country observatory named after V.P. Engelhardt (1901). The article provides a detailed description of these objects, the justification of their outstanding universal value, considers possible criteria of value within the framework of UNESCO nomination rules, as well as the authenticity and integrity of the astronomical objects nominated.

Struve Geodetic Arc – the Decade in the World Heritage List

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Urbanas ◽  
Eimuntas Kazimieras Parseliunas ◽  
Povilas Viskontas ◽  
Ruta Puziene ◽  
Arunas Buga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
The Earth ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
The 19Th Century

Unique scientific project unifying scientitsts of present modern countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Russia was carried out in the first half of the 19th century. Results obtained for the mentioned period were very accurate especialy considering the size of the project and instruments used for the measurements. Network of triangulation of 2820 km lenght running from Danube mouth till Arctic Ocean also called Struve Geodetic Arc was built and measured in 1816–1852. That was the longest and most accurate measured meridian arc in 19th century which measurements data were used during the century for computing and improving parameters of the Earth elipsoid. Geodetic points of Struve Geodetic Arc were listed to the World Heritage List in 2005. Three points located in Meškonys, Paliepiukai and Gireišiai were commemorated in Lithuania. The Coordinating Committee of Struve Geodetic Arc was created for colaboration, spreading information for wider public, exchange of the best practice for preservation of Struve Geodetic Arc points. Practice, experience and problems related to the World Heritage List objects preservation are presented and analyzed in this publication.

Reconstructing the Sacred: The Controversial Process of Bagrati Cathedral’s Full-scale Restoration and Its World Heritage Delisting

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-396
Author(s):  
Tamar Meladze ◽  
Yasufumi Uekita
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
Fundamental Values

AbstractThis article unfolds around the controversial case of Georgia’s eleventh-century Bagrati Cathedral, which represents the only site to be removed from the World Heritage List as a result of its full-scale reconstruction. After its destruction in armed conflict by the end of the seventeenth century, the first conservation-restoration works on the monument were carried out in the 1950s. In 1994, partially reconstructed but still without a roof, Bagrati Cathedral had no issues in meeting the conditions of authenticity when the nomination was made for inscription in the World Heritage List. The conflict arose further when the conservation experts did not endorse the state party’s intention to fully rebuild the cathedral, notwithstanding the fact it was stated to be crucial for its functional continuity. The International Council on Monuments and Sites and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization took the view that this scale intervention would compromise the cathedral’s outstanding universal value and authenticity. This article offers a closer look at the decision-making process, from the nomination to the delisting of Bagrati Cathedral, and analyzes the factors contributing to the conflicting interpretations of the monument’s fundamental values among stakeholders. It addresses the issues from a broader perspective to include the historical-cultural background of Georgia and local approaches to preserving the religious sites, which tend to be overlooked in the discourse.

scholarly journals «Descubrir» y «descubrirse» en el románico: un ejemplo catalán de patrimonio de la humanidad

CEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 108-126
Author(s):  
Maria Garganté Llanes
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
National Movements ◽  
Romanesque Art ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
The 19Th Century

The aim of this work is to present a case study on the identification between Romanesque art and national identity in Catalonia, an association that emerged in the framework of the emergence of national movements at the end of the 19th century, but that was recovered a century later when the process for the declaration of the Romanesque churches of the Boí Valley as a world heritage site by UNESCO began. The identification of the Romanesque with a «national art» is reinforced in this case because it is a Romanesque art located in the heart of the Pyrenees, with the strong symbolic value of the mountain as the «cradle» of the Catalan nation. We will analyse the World Heritage process and its effects in the context of a small territory, with a scarce population and dependent to a great extent on the seasonality of tourism.

scholarly journals Sergiu Musteață, Evaluarea și monitorizarea siturilor înscrise în Lista patrimoniului mondial din România / Evaluation and monitoring of the World Heritage Sites in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
World Heritage Convention ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring

Since 1972, UNESCO has established a frame of protection for cultural and natural heritage (Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage) and the “World Heritage List”, which it considers as having an outstanding universal value. In 1994, at the Nara Conference, the Document of Authenticity was adopted, stating that ”the protection and enhancement of cultural and heritage diversity in our world should be actively promoted as an essential aspect of human development”. Since 1997, States Parties have to provide regular reports on the implementation of the World Heritage Convention and the conservation status of each site listed on the World Heritage List. So far, two periodic reports have been made (2000-2006 and 2008-2015), and the third was recently launched (2017-2022).

Rethinking and revaluating UNESCO World Heritage Sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Louis Stiefel
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
The Usa

Purpose Having more than 1,000 sites on the World Heritage List raises questions regarding what world heritage means. The re-evaluation of heritage sites within the USA will be conducted as a case study, where similar issues of historical designation has taken place. Within recent decades there has emerged a policy of revisiting designations that occurred prior to 1990, when the nomination process was less rigorous. These re-evaluations do not necessarily remove the property from heritage designation, but the process has been valuable from a qualitative standpoint because a better understanding of significance has been achieved. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Within recent decades there has emerged a policy of revisiting designations that occurred prior to 1990 in the USA, when the nomination process was less rigorous. Should a similar approach or policy be made to the properties placed on the World Heritage List during the first decades, since the expectations for demonstrating outstanding universal value have since increased? The result could be that we end up with a more robust World Heritage List that provides a better definition of what the common heritage of humanity is. Findings The way we approach and conceptualize World Heritage needs to evolve accordingly, considering how much it has evolved since the Convention in 1972. The experiences of re-evaluating historic places in the USA since the 1990s has much to offer. Research limitations/implications Only the perspective of the USA is given, as a case study. Contributions from practitioners in other countries experienced in heritage site re-evaluation best practices would be meaningful. Practical implications Re-evaluating World Heritage Sites is something to consider as a management prospect for places on or under consideration for the World Heritage List since it could bring a more comprehensive understanding of outstanding universal value. This type of re-evaluation may help in addressing the meaning of place(s), contextualization of multiple locations of common heritage, and the political elitism of the World Heritage List, where some countries are over represented due to sites listed through a less-experienced process from earlier decades. Social implications Revisiting the World Heritage List in respect to policy and the meaning of world heritage may be in order. For example, should every nation be entitled to list at least one property to the list regardless of its heritage value? Originality/value Since the 1970s, coinciding with the establishment of the World Heritage List through the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, the USA has dealt with dynamic and complex logistical problems regarding the recognition and interpretation of its cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Renovation of Wooden Buildings in Riga

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Antra Viļuma
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Architectural Change ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The wooden architecture of the 19th century is mentioned in the UNESCO World Heritage description of Riga among the criteria that makes the Capital city of Outstanding Universal Value. So far, 3 500 wooden buildings in the city have survived. This paper summarizes information on the renovation of four wooden buildings. The aim of this paper is to give a closer overview on the impact of ownership, funding source and location in the city of the building on the process of renovation and architectural change. The internationally approved renovation principles in the renovation of wooden buildings in Riga are not often taken into account.

UNESCO and the City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo De Giosa
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Linear Processes ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Shared Understandings ◽  
The City

Chapter 3 focuses on the inscription process that brought Melaka onto the World Heritage List in 2008. By employing a long-term perspective, the account begins with the first attempts to nominate Melaka in the late 1980s. It took two decades to obtain World Heritage status. The main obstacle was not only related to Melaka’s worthiness, but the supposed lack of protective commitment shown by national authorities, together with policies that did not follow UNESCO-derived standards and guidelines. World Heritage inscriptions are not linear processes, but the result of convergences and shared understandings between international, national, and local actors. Similarly, the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) that justifies inscriptions is not inherent to the site, but constructed along the way.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Tri Hita Karana on the World Heritage of Taman Ayun and Tirta Empul Temples as Tourist Attractions in Bali

2017 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
I Wayan Ardika
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Temple

Cultural Landscape of Bali Province has been determined by Unesco as World Heritage List in 29 June 2012. The outstanding universal value of the Cultural Landscape of Bali Province is based on Tri Hita Karana which is basically deal with harmony and balance between religous, social, and environment.  The Cultural Landscape of  Bali Province consists of several temples in association with subak include: Ulun Danu Batur temple, Tirta Empul temple and several archaeological sites along the Pakerisan river, Taman Ayun temple, and subak of Catur Angga of Batukaru temple. Ulun Danu Batur, Tirta Empul, and Taman Ayun temples are considered as the sources of water for several subaks in the Southern Bali.  This paper will describe the implementation of Tri Hita Karana philosopy in relation to the temple of Taman Ayun and Tirta Empul as parts of World Heritage list and tourist attractions in Bali. It should be noted that Tri Hita Karana philosopy is also the basis of cultural tourism program in Bali. In other words, the outstanding universal value of the Cultural Landscape of Bali Province is in line with cultural tourism program which is based on Tri Hita Karana.  The philosopy of Tri Hita Karana has been implemented at Taman Ayun and Tirta Empul temples as tourist attractions in Bali. However, touristification or commodification has occurred in relation to religious aspects. For instance, tourists are allowed to enter the temple at Taman Ayun without wearing Balinese costumes, and tourists are permitted to enter the the most sacred yard or jeroan at Tirta Empul although restriction for tourists is implemented. Social aspects of Tri Hita Karana have been neglected at Taman Ayun and Tirta Empul. Information concerning the functions of shrines (palinggih), ceremonies, history as well as local guides are not available at both temples. The environment surrounding of both temples have been managed properly, however toilets and rubbish bins need to be improved and put on the right places at Tirta Empul. The philosopy of Tri Hita Karana need to be implemented properly in order to gain harmony and balance between religious, social, and environment on the World Heritage sites of Taman Ayun and Tirta Empul temples as tourist attractions in Bali.

scholarly journals Sergiu Musteata, The State of Conservation and Periodic Reporting – A Way for Better Preservation and Sustainable Development of the World Heritage Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-242
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
Effective System

Since 1972 UNESCO has established a frame of protection for cultural and natural heritage (Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage) and the “World Heritage List”, which it considers as having outstanding universal value. In 1994, at the Nara Conference, the Document on Authenticity was established, stating that “the protection and enhancement of cultural and heritage diversity in our world should be actively promoted as an essential aspect of human development”. Today, many factors affect the authenticity and integrity of cultural heritage: intensive tourism, excessive restoration works, new inappropriate investments or uncorrelated private interventions, etc. The debates on cultural heritage research, preservation and management have increased in recent years as the effect of UNESCO standards, namely to establish “an effective system of collective protection of the cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value, organized on a permanent basis and in accordance with modern scientific methods”. The problem of preservation, management, and promotion of heritage is of crucial importance from many points of views: scientific, technologic, socio-economic, and cultural.

UNESCO culturele landschappen en management uitdagingen

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
CAROL WESTRIK
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value

UNESCO cultural landscapes and management challenges In 1992 UNESCO adopted guidelines to include cultural landscapes in the World Heritage List. Cultural Landscapes are defined as ‘combined works of nature and of man’. It is this interaction that has to be of outstanding universal value. It should also be the focus concerning the management of such World Heritage sites. It requires an interdisciplinary approach as it covers different disciplines and in some cases different management systems. The management system is a living document that looks ahead. A holistic approach and monitoring are essential in order to be able to identify possible threats to the OUV early on and to act upon them.

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