scholarly journals ICAN- International Common Assessment Number: The need of the hour

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
G.V. Satya Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Double Taxation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Corporate World ◽  
Transfer Prices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Uniform Assessment

When   there is a system of international financial reporting system (IFRS) is much in discussion, why the policy makers are not thinking for ICAN( International Common Assessment Number) in place of PAN (Permanent Assessment Number)as in the  in case of assessees in India.    In this situation, any individual’s income earned any where in the world can become  under a common tax planning tool.The government of India has agreements with most other nations that determine how multinational companies are taxed. In other words, the tax treaties attempt to avoid the double-taxation that would occur if two nations taxed the same income. Since transfer prices represent revenue to the upstream division and an expense to the downstream division, the transfer price affects the calculation of divisional profits that represent taxable income in the nations where the divisions are based. Further, double taxation avoidance agreements also helpful for monitoring and control of fraudulent affairs in the corporate world. In this context, this paper is intended to examine the significance of uniform assessment system in the entire world and need for common assessment number. 

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Elixir for Socioeconomic Development in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Israel Akinde
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Control

Nigeria appears too slow in harnessing domestic resources towards meeting her socioeconomic needs. However, CSR has been found in several contexts as important means of realizing much–needed expectations of development. Nigeria is currently at the level of perceiving CSR merely as one-off philanthropic thing focusing merely on environmental protection. This study employs various means such as success stories of others, methods adopted for realization of vibrant CSR initiative in their own experience, and some time-tested examples of road map towards international best practices in order to arouse the curiosity of policy makers in Nigeria. The study identified certain structural- functional elements working in tandem for effective realization of CSR in Nigeria. These include Synergy of CSR and Corporate Governance (CG), a viable CSR organization, and institutionalization or culture of monitoring and control. Policy measures recommended include creating CSR into an agency or commission for effective take-off.

scholarly journals 2.1. USING TAKSONOMY XBRL IN ACCOUNTING, ANALYTICAL AND CONTROL PROCEDURES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К.Ю. Бурцева
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Business Reporting ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Internal Standardization ◽  
And Control

В исследовании изучены возможности применения технологий XBRL в учетном, аналитическом и контрольном инструментарии. Спецификации XBRL предоставляют собой технические аспекты создания документов для применения их пользователями в Интернете, также таксономии XRBL могут использоваться для улучшения функций и аппарата контроля, на их основе представляется возможным создание комплексной системы контроля, функционирующей на всех уровнях иерархии организации и во всех сферах ответственности. В статье изучены возможности применения технологий XBRL в различных аспектах деятельности организации. Исследован опыт компании Fujitsu, внедрившей XBRL во многих филиалах своей компании по всему миру, используя XML и XBRL для собственной внутренней стандартизации и отчетности. Выделены преимущества применения XBRL для целей документирования и представления информации о внутреннем контроле. Предложено использовать опыт зарубежных компаний для повышения прозрачности отчетности, эффективности мониторинга аспектов управления и контроля, также рекомендовано разрабатывать и внедрять таксономию XBRL корпоративного управления, которая согласуется с таксономиями финансовой отчетности для сбора нефинансовой информации о компании, касающейся политики управления, прав и обязанностей акционеров, информации о директорах. Стандартизация бизнес-отчетности с применением технологий XBRL поможет обеспечить прозрачность для инвесторов и кредиторов, облегчая функций мониторинга и контроля для регуляторных и надзорных органов. The study examined the possibilities of using XBRL technologies in accounting, analytical and control tools. XBRL specifications provide the technical aspects of creating documents for use by users on the Internet, XRBL taxonomies can also be used to improve control functions, it seems possible to create a comprehensive control system that operates at all levels of the organization hierarchy and in all areas of responsibility. The article explores the possibilities of using XBRL technology in various aspects of the organization. The experience of Fujitsu, which has implemented XBRL in many branches of its company around the world, using XML and XBRL for its own internal standardization and reporting, is examined. The advantages of using XBRL for documenting and reporting internal control information are highlighted. It is proposed to use the experience of foreign companies to increase transparency of reporting, monitor the effectiveness of management and control aspects, it is also recommended to develop and implement a corporate governance XBRL taxonomy, which is consistent with the taxonomy of financial reporting to collect non-financial information about the company regarding management policies, rights and obligations of shareholders, information about directors. Standardizing business reporting with XBRL technology will help ensure transparency for investors and lenders by facilitating monitoring and control functions for regulators and supervisors.

scholarly journals The Players in the Accountancy Profession and Their Roles: The Case of Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhannad Ahmed Atmeh
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Quality Of Teaching ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Teaching Programs ◽  
And Control ◽  
Theoretical Issues

<p>The accountancy profession in Jordan has been criticized for failing to achieve its goals to society, with the main players in the profession constantly exchanging accusations in this regard. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the roles and the relationships between the players in the accountancy profession in Jordan (regulators, academics and practitioners), and to provide recommendations in order to improve the quality of the accountancy profession. Results indicate that the regulators are to be blamed for the insufficient monitoring and control of the profession, as they have failed to oversee the auditors and to take disciplinary actions against the wrongdoers. Additionally, regulators jeopardized the profession by adopting IFRS as a sole framework for financial reporting for all companies. Academics have allegedly provided low quality education and inadequate teaching programs, as teaching focuses on theoretical issues with minimal consideration for the current business environment and new technicalities. Hence, graduates are not equipped with necessary skills. It is concluded that the academics have become increasingly detached from practice, instead focusing on conducting academic research at the expense of activities that may improve the quality of teaching. With regards to practitioners, findings suggest that they act on the ground of self-interest rather than public interest, in addition to not complying with quality control standards when performing their tasks.</p>

Could franchising electricity distribution sustain rural electrification efforts?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrigakshi Das
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
And Control

PurposeResulting from large government interventions, India could attain 99% electrification in March 2019. However, the consequences are revenue losses due to lack of real-time efforts in bringing operational efficiencies of the power distribution companies (discoms). Distribution franchisees operate as agents to the discoms for performing their contracted functions in smaller high-loss making areas under jurisdiction of a discom. This study aims to explore how rural franchisees help or hinder requisite results.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative embedded multiple-case study was conducted. The case focused on two franchisees engaged in metering, billing and collection functions of a high-loss-making rural area dominated Indian state-owned discom. Data were collected through documents, personal observations and semi-structured in-depth interviews with franchisee employees situated at different levels of the organizational hierarchy. A review of pertinent literature and government documents was utilized in forming the codes for collecting the data.FindingsIt could be argued that franchisees with strong financial capability, human resources support and monitoring and control facilities could contribute effectively in generating revenue from rural and interior electrified mass. The analysis revealed various challenges serving as hindrances in achievement of contracted targeted outcomes. The analysis resulted in highlighting factors that if implemented could result in the needed outcome.Practical implicationsThis study could be generalized only to similar socio-economic conditions. The findings could provide policy makers with valuable insights to emphasize on creating win–win situations for all the stakeholders to encourage franchisee participation.Originality/valueThis study is unique, as there is a dearth of empirical evidences relating to operational efficacies of these franchisees.

Computers for data, control and simulation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 920-921
Author(s):  
David C. Joy
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computers ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Data Control ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Control

Personal computers (PCs) are a powerful resource in the EM Laboratory, both as a means of automating the monitoring and control of microscopes, and as a tool for quantifying the interpretation of data. Not only is a PC more versatile than a piece of dedicated data logging equipment, but it is also substantially cheaper. In this tutorial the practical principles of using a PC for these types of activities will be discussed.The PC can form the basis of a system to measure, display, record and store the many parameters which characterize the operational conditions of the EM. In this mode it is operating as a data logger. The necessary first step is to find a suitable source from which to measure each of the items of interest. It is usually possible to do this without having to make permanent corrections or modifications to the EM.

The magnitude and cost of groundwater monitoring and control in agriculture.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Giannoccaro ◽  
Armando Ursitti ◽  
Maurizio Prosperi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

MONITORING AND CONTROL OF THE “ANIMAL” SUBSYSTEM IN THE COMPLEX BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM “MAN-MACHINE-ANIMAL” OF A DAIRY FARM

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR V. KIRSANOV ◽  
◽  
DMITRIY YU. PAVKIN ◽  
FEDOR E. FEDOR E. VLADIMIROV ◽  
EVGENIY А. NIKITIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
Biotechnical System ◽  
Complex Project ◽  
And Control

A modern dairy farm is a complex biotechnical “man-machine-animal” system, where purposeful human activity concentrates mainly on the control of the “machine” and “animal” subsystems, thus making the whole system ergatic. Increasing the interaction effi ciency of machine subsystems with biological objects (animals) requires an in-depth study of the properties and characteristics of the latter, their behavior, adaptive and refl ex mechanisms that ensure the mutual adaptation of machine and biological subsystems. The paper considers general functionality of the “animal” subsystem, which includes lists of monitored parameters (functions) in pre-weaning, pre-lactation and lactation periods. In a similar way, functionals of the subsystems of the general musculoskeletal development of the animal’s body, respiratory and digestive organs, comfort of the habitat, development and control of the reproductive organs of lactating cows were obtained accompanied with a list of controlled functions and parameters. To carry out a set of research activities in this fi eld, FSAC VIM is planning to carry out a complex project that will increase the levels of automation, digitalization and intellectualization of animal husbandry, provide for comfortable environment, optimal rediced-impact service modes for animals and their extended productive longevity, increased quality of milk and autonomous functioning of individual local biotechnical subsystems.

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