scholarly journals Dinamica răspunsului antioxidativ la tomatele cu diferit tip de interacțiune cu agentul viral

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Mărîi ◽  
◽  
Larisa Andronic ◽  
Svetlana Smerea ◽  
Irina Erhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Defensive Response ◽  
Peroxide Content ◽  
Tomato Aspermy Virus ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was evaluated according to 3 indices - peroxidase and catalase activities and hydrogen peroxide content. The response was differentiated according to the applied viral infection, the genotype and dynamics of the infection process. Particularities have been attested in the reaction of the antioxidative response at different stages of the pathogenesis - increasing or decreasing of the evaluated indices compared to the healthy control.

scholarly journals Effect of Cucumber Mosaic Virus on Proline and Hydrogen Peroxide Content in Some Pepper Hybrids Grown in Lattakia Governorate, Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Hala Al-Ajouriyeh ◽  
◽  
Imad Ismail ◽  
Badih Samra ◽  
Fahed Sahyoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Virus Inoculation ◽  
Peroxide Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Al-Ajouriyeh, H., I. Ismail, B. Samra and F. Sahyouni. 2021. Effect of Cucumber Mosaic Virus on Proline and Hydrogen Peroxide Content in Some Pepper Hybrids Grown in Lattakia Governorate, Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(1): 39-46. A study was conducted at Al-Muturki village in Lattakia Governorate during 2019/2020 growing season to investigate the effect Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection on the proline and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content of four pepper hybrids (Taline F1, Amani F1, Harek F1 and Marvilo F1) at three periods post viral inoculation (15, 30 and 45 days). The experiment was carried out by using complete randomized block design with 8 treatments and 8 replicates per treatment. The results showed that the viral infection affected the proline and hydrogen peroxidase content 15 days after virus inoculation. The highest effect of the viral infection was at 30 days after virus inoculation, where the values of proline and hydrogen peroxidase of the infected pepper hybrids significantly increased compared to control plants. However, 45 days after virus inoculation, the effect of viral infection decreased with plant age. Keywords: Pepper, Cucumber mosaic virus, proline, hydrogen peroxidase.

Features of crossing-over in virus-infected tomato

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Chiriac ◽  
Larisa Andronic ◽  
Valeriu Bujoreanu ◽  
Liliana Marii
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Tomato Aspermy Virus ◽  
Infected Tomato

AbstractThe evidence of increased crossing over rate in tomato hybrids infected with TAV (Tomato aspermy virus), PVX (Potato virus X), TMV (Tobacco mosaic virus), TMV+PVX indicates the recombinogenic effect of viral infection. Cytological studies of the early diakinesis in healthy and virus-infected tomato revealed significant changes in chiasma number and position. The most significant changes were established for bivalents with two interstitial chiasmata and with one terminal and one interstitial. The data obtained indicate redistribution of the chiasmata position and induction of additional exchanges. The virus-induced recombination is segment-specific and depends on the host plant genotype, virus infection and the interaction between them.

scholarly journals Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelkhalek ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Mentha Spicata

Globally, plant viral infection is one of the most difficult challenges of food security, where considerable losses in crop production occur. Nanoparticles are an effective control agent against numerous plant pathogens. However, there is limited knowledge concerning their effects against viral infection. In the present study, the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Mentha spicata was achieved. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the crystalline nature of the prepared ZnO NPs. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that the resultant ZnO NPs were spherical in shape with a particle size ranged from 11 to 88 nm. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy detected different functional groups, capping and stability agents, and showed Zn-O bond within wavenumber of 487 cm−1. Under greenhouse conditions, the antiviral activity of biological synthesized ZnO NPs (100 µg/mL) against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was evaluated. The double foliar application of the prepared ZnO NPs, 24 h before and 24 h after TMV-inoculation, was the most effective treatment that showed a 90.21% reduction of viral accumulation level and disease severity. Additionally, the transcriptional levels of PAL, PR-1 (salicylic acid marker gene), CHS, and POD genes were induced and up-regulated in all ZnO NPs treated plants. Notably, the results exhibited that aqueous extract of Mentha spicata was an effective reducing agent for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs, which showed significant antiviral activity. Finally, the detected protective and curative activity of ZnO NPs against TMV can encourage us to recommend its application for plant viral disease management. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the antiviral activity of the green synthesized ZnO NPs.

Role of Virus Protein in Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection Process

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 193 (4815) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. COCHRAN ◽  
G. W. WELKIE ◽  
J. L. CHIDESTER ◽  
B. K. CHANDRASEKHAR ◽  
M. H. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

scholarly journals Tobacco Mosaic Virus Replicase-Auxin/Indole Acetic Acid Protein Interactions: Reprogramming the Auxin Response Pathway To Enhance Virus Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 2477-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenu S. Padmanabhan ◽  
Sabrina R. Kramer ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
James N. Culver
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Virus Accumulation ◽  
Cellular Environment

ABSTRACT The replicase protein of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) disrupts the localization and stability of interacting auxin/indole acetic acid (Aux/IAA) proteins in Arabidopsis, altering auxin-mediated gene regulation and promoting disease development (M. S. Padmanabhan, S. P. Goregaoker, S. Golem, H. Shiferaw, and J. N. Culver, J. Virol. 79:2549-2558, 2005). In this study, a similar replicase-Aux/IAA interaction affecting disease development was identified in tomato. The ability of the TMV replicase to interact with Aux/IAA proteins from diverse hosts suggests that these interactions contribute to the infection process. To examine the role of this interaction in virus pathogenicity, the replication and spread of a TMV mutant with a reduced ability to interact with specific Aux/IAA proteins were examined. Within young (4- to 6-week-old) leaf tissue, there were no significant differences in the abilities of Aux/IAA-interacting or -noninteracting viruses to replicate and spread. In contrast, in mature (10- to 12-week-old) leaf tissue, the inability to interact with specific Aux/IAA proteins correlated with a significant reduction in virus accumulation. Correspondingly, interacting Aux/IAA levels are significantly higher in older tissue and the overaccumulation of a degradation-resistant Aux/IAA protein reduced virus accumulation in young leaf tissue. Combined, these findings suggest that TMV replicase-Aux/IAA interactions selectively enhance virus pathogenicity in tissues where Aux/IAA proteins accumulate. We speculate that the virus disrupts Aux/IAA functions as a means to reprogram the cellular environment of older cells to one that is more compatible for virus replication and spread.

β-1,3-Glucanase and the spread of tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana and Phaseolus

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kearney ◽  
J. H. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nicotiana Sylvestris ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Glucanase Activity ◽  
Nicotiana Glutinosa ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Local Lesions

The β-1,3-glucan callose is thought to form a seal which surrounds viral local lesions and prevents viral spread in many plant hosts. Therefore, we investigated the role of host β-1,3-glucanase in facilitating viral spread. The following were compared for lesion size (indicating viral spread rate) and β-1,3-glucanase activity: (i) inoculated excised leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Pinto supplied with sugar (small lesions) or deprived of sugar (large lesions); (ii) Nicotiana glutinosa L. infected with the VM strain (small lesions) or the U1 strain (large lesions) of tobacco mosaic virus; and (iii) Nicotiana sylvestris Spegaz. infected with the VM strain (small lesions) or the U2 strain (large lesions) of tobacco mosaic virus. In all cases, the larger, more rapidly spreading viral lesions did not have significantly higher levels of β-1,3-glucanase activity than the corresponding smaller lesions. Nicotiana sylvestris leaves with a systemic viral infection had a β-1,3-glucanase activity lower than that of leaves with local lesions. Finally, β-1,3-glucanase activity was stimulated to the same extent by a slowly developing abiotic necrosis as by local lesions of tobacco mosaic virus, β-1,3-Glucanase activity may therefore increase during localized viral infection as a result of the wounding associated with necrotic viral lesions.

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