Niente di speciale, è solo neuroinfluenza!

Seasonal Influenza may occasionally cause severe neurological complications. The paper describes the case of a 5-year-old child with febrile status epilepticus and Influenza B.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of MRI abnormalities following febrile status epilepticus in children: the FEBSTAT study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717952607.793458109 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Hartman ◽

Monica Lemmon

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

Febrile Status Epilepticus

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De novo status epilepticus during influenza B infection: when follow-up matters

Epilepsy & Behavior Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ebr.2020.100413 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100413

Author(s):

G. Giovannini ◽

G. Turchi ◽

M. Mazzoli ◽

A.E. Vaudano ◽

S. Meletti

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

De Novo ◽

Influenza B

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Molecular Characterization of Seasonal Influenza A and B from Hospitalized Patients in Thailand in 2018–2019

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13060977 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 977

Author(s):

Kobporn Boonnak ◽

Chayasin Mansanguan ◽

Dennis Schuerch ◽

Usa Boonyuen ◽

Hatairat Lerdsamran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Influenza A ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Surface Proteins ◽

Antigenic Drift ◽

Influenza B ◽

Receptor Binding Site ◽

Antigenic Sites ◽

Ha Protein

Influenza viruses continue to be a major public health threat due to the possible emergence of more virulent influenza virus strains resulting from dynamic changes in virus adaptability, consequent of functional mutations and antigenic drift in surface proteins, especially hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). In this study, we describe the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B strains detected in severe cases of seasonal influenza in Thailand from 2018 to 2019. We genetically characterized seven A/H1N1 isolates, seven A/H3N2 isolates, and six influenza B isolates. Five of the seven A/H1N1 viruses were found to belong to clade 6B.1 and were antigenically similar to A/Switzerland/3330/2017 (H1N1), whereas two isolates belonged to clade 6B.1A1 and clustered with A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1). Interestingly, we observed additional mutations at antigenic sites (S91R, S181T, T202I) as well as a unique mutation at a receptor binding site (S200P). Three-dimensional (3D) protein structure analysis of hemagglutinin protein reveals that this unique mutation may lead to the altered binding of the HA protein to a sialic acid receptor. A/H3N2 isolates were found to belong to clade 3C.2a2 and 3C.2a1b, clustering with A/Switzerland/8060/2017 (H3N2) and A/South Australia/34/2019 (H3N2), respectively. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed 10 mutations at antigenic sites including T144A/I, T151K, Q213R, S214P, T176K, D69N, Q277R, N137K, N187K, and E78K/G. All influenza B isolates in this study belong to the Victoria lineage. Five out of six isolates belong to clade 1A3-DEL, which relate closely to B/Washington/02/2009, with one isolate lacking the three amino acid deletion on the HA segment at position K162, N163, and D164. In comparison to the B/Colorado/06/2017, which is the representative of influenza B Victoria lineage vaccine strain, these substitutions include G129D, G133R, K136E, and V180R for HA protein. Importantly, the susceptibility to oseltamivir of influenza B isolates, but not A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 isolates, were reduced as assessed by the phenotypic assay. This study demonstrates the importance of monitoring genetic variation in influenza viruses regarding how acquired mutations could be associated with an improved adaptability for efficient transmission.

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Review for "Neurological complications of pandemic A(H1N1)2009pdm, postpandemic A(H1N1)v, and seasonal influenza A"

10.1002/brb3.1916/v1/review2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Yokomichi

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Neurological Complications

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How Different Are the Patients With Bilateral Hippocampal Sclerosis From the Unilateral Ones Clinically?

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience ◽

10.1177/1550059416653900 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 209-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ebru Nur Vanli-Yavuz ◽

Betul Baykan ◽

Serra Sencer ◽

Altay Sencer ◽

Isin Baral-Kulaksizoglu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Status Epilepticus ◽

Epilepsy Surgery ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Control Group ◽

High Signal ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Patients With Epilepsy ◽

Febrile Status Epilepticus

Purpose. There is a lack of knowledge on consecutive patients with epilepsy associated with bilateral hippocampal sclerosis (BHS). We aimed to investigate the differentiating features of BHS in comparison with unilateral HS (UHS). Method. We investigated our database for patients with epilepsy fulfilling the major magnetic resonance imaging criteria for BHS; namely, presence of bilateral atrophy and high signal changes on T2 and FLAIR series in the hippocampi. UHS patients seen in past 2 years were included as the control group. Clinical, EEG, and other laboratory findings, data on treatment response and epilepsy surgery were investigated from their files. Results. A total of 124 patients (31 with BHS and 93 with UHS; 49 right-sided and 44 left-sided) were included. We found that 16.1% of the BHS and 18.3% of the UHS groups were not drug-refractory. A binary logistic regression analysis performed with significant clinical features disclosed that history of febrile status epilepticus, mental retardation, and status epilepticus were statistically more common in BHS group. Moreover, diagnosis of psychosis established by an experienced psychiatrist and slowing of the EEG background activity were both found significantly more frequent in BHS. 66.67% of the operated BHS patients showed benefit from epilepsy surgery. Conclusions. BHS is a heterogeneous group, showing significant differences such as increased frequencies of mental retardation, status epilepticus, febrile status epilepticus and psychosis, in comparison to UHS. In all, 16.1% of the BHS cases showed a benign course similar to the UHS group and some patients with drug-resistant epilepsy may show benefit from epilepsy surgery.

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Etiology, Risk Factors, Mortality and Morbidity of Status Epilepticus in Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Tehran, Iran

The Open Neurology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874205x02014010095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 95-102

Author(s):

Mohammad Vafaee-Shahi ◽

Elaheh Soltanieh ◽

Hossein Saidi ◽

Aina Riahi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Status Epilepticus ◽

Brain Imaging ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Imaging Results ◽

History Of ◽

Abnormal Brain ◽

Febrile Status Epilepticus

Background: Risk factors identification associated with status epilepticus is valuable in order to prevent morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to consider the etiology, risk factors, morbidity and mortality in children with status epilepticus. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 119 patients aged from one month old to 15 years old. Patients’ data were recorded, including basic demographic, etiology and clinical information. The different risk factors correlated to morbidity and mortality were evaluated in this study. Results: The most common etiologies were acute symptomatic and febrile status epilepticus by 32.8% and 22.7%, respectively. Abnormal brain imaging results were reported far more frequently in patients with a history of neurodevelopmental delay and previous status epilepticus (p<0.001). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 18.9% and 10.9%, respectively; while these rates in patients with delayed development (45.16% and 18.42%, respectively) were significantly higher than patients with normal development (8% and 7.4%, respectively). The morbidity rates in patients with previous seizures and previous status epilepticus were remarkably higher than those without previous history of seizure (26.41% vs 11.32%; p=0.047) and without previous status epilepticus (36.36% versus 14.28%; p=0.018). The length of hospital stay in patients with mortality was considerably longer than patients without mortality (12.30 ± 16.1 days vs 7.29 ± 6.24 days; p=0.033). The mortality rate in patients with normal Lumbar Puncture result was notably lower than those with abnormal LP result (2.9% vs 50%). The morbidity rate in patients with abnormal brain imaging results (p<0.001) was significantly greater than those in patients with normal results. The mortality rate was relatively higher in patients with abnormal imaging results compared to those normal results. Etiology was an important predictor of mortality and morbidity rates; acute symptomatic (32.8%), febrile status epilepticus (22.7%) and remote symptomatic (16.8%) etiologies were the most common underlying causes of S.E. While in children less than 3 years old, the acute symptomatic etiology and febrile status epilepticus etiologies were estimated as the most common, in most patients older than 3 years old the most common etiology of status epilepticus was unknown. Congenital brain defects etiology had the highest mortality (36.36%) and morbidity (42.85%) rate. The lowest morbidity (3.84%) and mortality (0%) rates were for patients with febrile status epilepticus etiology. Conclusion: Age, developmental delay, history of previous status epilepticus, the length of hospital stay, abnormal brain imaging results and the underlying etiology of status epilepticus were associated with increased morbidity and mortality among children with status epilepticus.

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