scholarly journals Magnetic resonance and its diagnostic accuracy of glioblastoma: narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro da Cunha Dantas ◽  
Lucas Pablo Almendro ◽  
Ana Caroline Fonseca Silva ◽  
André Douglas Marinho da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Key Words Glioblastoma ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal Central Nervous System (CNS) malignant cancer, and the exclusion of differential diagnoses - eg primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) - often occurs via various Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methodologies. Objective: To describe which best image sequences are critical for greater accuracy in the diagnosis of GBM and for their distinction from other CNS tumors. Methods: This is a literature narrative review, initiated by research in Pubmed database, using associated Key words: “Glioblastoma” and “Magnetic Resonance”; and filters: systematic reviews + last 5 years publications. Productions that didn’t meet the objective were discarded. Results: MRI has accuracy for diagnosing GBM using the combination T2 + FLAIR + T1 with pre and post-gadolinic contrast. Diffusion and perfusion-weighted MRI association show an improvement in specificity. Computed tomography is used when MRI is unviable, identifying calcifications or hemorrhages and determining the lesion location and surgical potential. Also, spectroscopic MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and PET 18F-FDG, and 11C-MET were reported as important additional diagnostic criteria. Diffusion MRI (DWI) is a non-invasive, convenient, economical, and quick procedure when compared to GBM biopsy. Therefore, adding reliable evidence for moderate differentiation between GBM and PCNSL through DWI. Conclusion: Reliable methods are needed for GBM accurate diagnosis and its differential diagnoses, using at least T2 + FLAIR + T1, and physiological exams to enhance specificity.

scholarly journals A case of primary central nervous system lymphoma mimic neuromyelitis optica

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Xixi Sheng ◽  
Mingwei Xu ◽  
Xia Li
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Positron Emission

AbstractPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is rare. And the symptoms of PCNSL are atypical, it is extremely easy to be misdiagnosed as other diseases. However, early treatment is crucial which is requesting early diagnosis. We report a case of a 47-year-old man who was initially diagnosed as neuromyelitis optica (NMO) on the basis of clinical findings, slightly high Aquaporin4 (AQP4) (1:10) and high signals of magnetic resonance imaging. Though his symptoms progressively improved after steroid pulse treatment, but worse when steroid was decreased to 40 mg per day. We considered the patient should be diagnosed as PCNSL. After the examination of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and positron emission tomography (PET), the results indicated PCNSL was most possible. Therefore we gave him stereotactic biopsy of deep of supratentorial, which showed non-Hodgkin malignant B-cell lymphoma.

scholarly journals Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Current Perspectives

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Renata Barbosa Paolilo ◽  
Kumaran Deiva ◽  
Rinze Neuteboom ◽  
Kevin Rostásy ◽  
Ming Lim
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) disorder, characterized by polyfocal symptoms, encephalopathy and typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, that especially affects young children. Advances in understanding CNS neuroimmune disorders as well as the association of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) with both monophasic and recurrent forms of ADEM have led to new insights into its definition, management and outcome. In this review, we aim to provide an update based on current epidemiologic, clinical, radiological and immunopathological aspects and clinical outcome of ADEM.

Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system: findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy in diffusion tensor imaging prior to surgery

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Beppu ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Hideaki Nishimoto ◽  
Shinichi Nakamura ◽  
Yoichi Nakazato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Granulomatous Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

✓Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. Its preoperative diagnosis is difficult as the condition displays nonspecific features on routine neuroimaging investigations. In this paper, the authors report findings of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy (FA) with diffusion tensor MR imaging in a case of granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. A 30-year-old man presented with morning headaches and grand mal seizures. An MR image revealed a mass resembling glioblastoma in the right temporal lobe. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a high choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratio indicative of a malignant neoplasm, accompanied by a slight elevation of glutamate and glutamine. The FA value was very low, which is inconsistent with malignant glioma. The mass was totally removed surgically. Histologically, the peripheral lesion of the mass consisted of a rough accumulation of fat granule cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and distribution of capillary vessels. Some vessels within the lesion were replaced by granulomas. The histological diagnosis was granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. The MIB-1–positive rate of the granuloma was approximately 5%. Both MR spectroscopy and FA were unable to accurately diagnose granulomatous angiitis of the CNS prior to surgery; however, elevated Cho/Cr and glutamate and glutamine shown by MR spectroscopy may indicate the moderate proliferation potential of the granuloma and the inflammatory process, respectively, in this condition. Although the low FA value in the present case enabled the authors to rule out a diagnosis of glioblastoma, FA values in inflammatory lesions require careful interpretation.

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