scholarly journals The challenge of quality management in crowdsourced translation: the case of the NGO Translators Without Borders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Krimat
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Pro Bono ◽  
Translation Services ◽  
And Control ◽  
Quality Assurance And Control

The rise of machine translation and translation memories along with the technologies of the Web 2.0 have brought about new flavours and workflows, setting new challenging research pathways for translation studies. Emerging crowdsourcing-based models have been presented as de facto mainstream approaches in the translation industry. Therefore, exploring the newborn approaches and processes is a priority for translation studies for better insights and further understanding of relevant impacts that may reach the stage of deprofessionalizing the discipline and marginalizing the profession. To pursue this question, the present paper explores a unique and interesting model of translation that is both crowdsourced and collaborative, the non-profit organization Translators Without Borders or TWB. TWB does not only resort to crowdsourcing to provide humanitarian translation services on pro-bono basis but also maintains a global network of volunteers and deploys a fully fledged environment for translation management as well as quality assurance and control. This paper demonstrates the array of processes adopted by TWB to manage quality and the myriad of challenges it presents. Through TWB model study, this paper investigates the way various theoretical concepts are confronting the industry realities and implications and examines the extent of dynamicity and tolerance thresholds in the application of such concepts.

Money Code Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Digital Politics ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
And Control

Newly emerging cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology present a challenging research problem in the field of digital politics and economics. Bitcoin—the first widely implemented cryptocurrency and blockchain architecture—seemingly separates itself from the existing territorial boundedness of nation-state money via a process of algorithmic decentralisation. Proponents declare that the utilisation of cryptography to advance financial transactions will disrupt the modern centralised structures by which capitalist economies are currently organised: corporations, governments, commercial banks, and central banks. Allegedly, software can create a more stable and democratic global economy; a world free from hierarchy and control. In Money Code Space, Jack Parkin debunks these utopian claims by approaching distributed ledger technologies as a spatial and social problem where power forms unevenly across their networks. First-hand accounts of online communities, open-source software governance, infrastructural hardware operations, and Silicon Valley start-up culture are used to ground understandings of cryptocurrencies in the “real world.” Consequently, Parkin demonstrates how Bitcoin and other blockchains are produced across a multitude of tessellated spaces from which certain stakeholders exercise considerable amounts of power over their networks. While money, code, and space are certainly transformed by distributed ledgers, algorithmic decentralisation is rendered inherently paradoxical because it is predicated upon centralised actors, practices, and forces.

A nationwide evaluation of the prevalence of human papillomavirus in Brazil (POP-Brazil study): protocol of data quality assurance and control (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Driemeyer Correia Horvath ◽  
Marina Bessel ◽  
Natalia Luiza Kops ◽  
Flávia Moreno Alves Souza ◽  
Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Monitoring Visit ◽  
Multicenter Clinical Trials ◽  
Double Entry ◽  
And Control ◽  
Quality Assurance And Control

BACKGROUND The credibility of a study and its internal and external validity depend crucially on the quality of the data produced. Quality control aims to monitor sampling errors and measurements during the execution of a study and is based mainly on two pillars: planning and standardization of procedures. OBJECTIVE The present article aimed to describe the stages of quality control in the POP-Brazil study and to present an analysis of the quality indicators. METHODS Quality assurance and control included several phases and processes that were initiated with the planning of the study and continued through the development of the project; thus, all centers were trained in loco. RESULTS The data were through a structured questionnaire and collection of biological samples, both performed by more than 250 trained and certified health professionals. Furthermore, to correct possible inadequacies, all 119 centers (public health units) received at least one monitoring visit, which evaluated the professionals' performance and the process of completing the online data platform. The data were monitored daily and were audited through the double entry of data, performed by the central team. The reliability of data was analyzed through the test-retest method, comparing data from the online platform and a second application of the interview, and conducted through telephone, also by the central team. The agreement between the test and retest was considered good (kappa between 0.59 and 0.74). Large multicenter clinical trials are the basis of medical evidence-based and health-based prevention, so their design, logistics, and quality processes should always be carefully considered. CONCLUSIONS This article presents the processes and quality indicators in the POP-Brazil study that allow other studies to generate reliable data.

scholarly journals Selecting the Strategic Port of “the Belt and Road” Based on the Global Network

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zihui Yang ◽  
Qingchun Meng ◽  
Chanjuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Path Coverage ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Belt And Road

Under “the Belt and Road” initiative, China promoted cooperation between domestic enterprises and international ports vigorously, which brought back fruitful results, while the rational selection of strategic pivots ports and the optimization of the layout of the port network are important guarantees to a further promotion to the economic development of “the Belt and Road” ports and give full play to the driving and radiation role of strategic pivots ports. On the basis of constructing a network of 155 ports in the world, according to the number of ports crossed by the shortest path and betweenness centrality in the network, this paper uses K-Medoids clustering algorithm to train the strategic importance of ports and verifies the reliability of the analysis results. On this basis, the joint coverage analysis of strategically important ports is carried out, 17 ports are identified as strategic pivots ports of the global port network, and, finally, based on the two attributes of “the Belt and Road” and “Chinese enterprise participation” of strategic pivots ports, the leading role of strategic pivots ports in geographical location, path coverage, development potential, cooperation stability, and control is analyzed, and instructive suggestions are put forward.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONING FEATURES OF THE GERMAN PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL VOCABULARY IN SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL SPHERES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9(77)) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Myroslava Duzha-Zadorozhna ◽  
Volodymyr Zadorozhnyy
Keyword(s):  
German Language ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
And Control

The article analyzes the use of German professional social and pedagogical vocabulary in scientific, academic and practical spheres of activity in order to clarify the functioning of terminological units in these spheres. Due to the peculiarities of tasks facing different spheres of social pedagogy specialists’ activity, there was a certain linguistic differentiation in them. Terminological changes in the language of social pedagogy signal the phenomenon of certain concepts euphemisation and indicate the use of parallel paradigmatically different lexical meanings. Professional concepts define the process of narrow-branch terminology perception by the recipients and control their actions. Due to some arbitrary use of terms within the social and pedagogical professional language, there is sometimes a partial loss of the meaning of the concept caused by the lack of clear and formalized theoretical concepts in social pedagogy. Terminological units in the professional language of social pedagogy constantly correlate with theoretical concepts, in the pragmatic context of which they reveal their specific meaning. The issue of the scientific content of terminological units is connected with the dominance of certain social and pedagogical scientific schools and the imposition of their terminological apparatus on the whole field of knowledge. In recent decades, there has been a significant impact of economic processes on the German language of the social and pedagogical field, which leads to the active use of economic vocabulary in it.

The “Smart” Regulatory Framework

2014 ◽  
pp. 58-86
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Smart Regulation ◽  
Responsive Regulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Regulation Mode

Based on the recognition that neither the command-and-control nor the self-regulation mode based regulation can accommodate the ever growing complexity of the financial market, this chapter argues that a new regulatory regime is needed. This chapter discusses the four theoretical concepts -- governmentality, reflexivity, responsive regulation and ‘smart’ regulation – that anchor a proposed alternative “smart” regulatory framework.

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