scholarly journals FITOSSOCIOLOGIA DE DOIS TRECHOS DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA DENSA ALUVIAL EM SOLOS HIDROMÓRFICOS, PARANÁ, BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Ribas Zacarias ◽  
Ricardo Miranda De Britez ◽  
Franklin Galvão ◽  
Maria Regina Torres Boeger
Keyword(s):  
Water Saturation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Jaccard's Similarity Index ◽  
Shannon’S Diversity Index ◽  
Phytosociological Study ◽  
Main Factor

 ResumoO presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar a estrutura de dois trechos de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial localizados no município de Guaraqueçaba, Paraná. Os aspectos vegetacionais foram relacionados a características ambientais como solos, relevo e profundidade do lençol freático. Para o levantamento fitossociológico foram alocadas 16 parcelas de 10 x 10 m em cada trecho estudado e amostradas todas as árvores com Perímetro à Altura do Peito > 15 cm. Ambas as áreas apresentaram uma associação entre Gleissolo Háplico e Gleissolo Melânico. No total foram identificadas 81 espécies, incluídas em 59 gêneros e 31 famílias. Myrtaceae foi a família de maior riqueza em ambos os compartimentos. O índice de similaridade de Jaccard foi de 29,6%. O índice de diversidade de Shannon (H’) foi maior para o trecho de menor saturação hídrica (H’= 3,13). Para o trecho de maior saturação hídrica H’ foi igual a 2,86 visto que poucas espécies são bem adaptadas aos solos temporariamente ou permanente saturados por água. Em razão da proximidade geográfica e das similaridades climáticas e pedológicas existentes entre os sítios estudados, concluiu-se que as diferenças estruturais e florísticas constatadas estão associadas às condições hídricas do substrato.AbstractPhytosociology analysis of two sites in the Dense Alluvial Ombrophilous Forest with hydromorphic soils, Paraná, Brazil. In the present study, we characterize the structure in two sites of Dense Alluvial Ombrophilous Forest, Guaraqueçaba, State of Paraná, Brazil. Aspects of the vegetation were associated to environmental conditions such as soils, topography and water table depth. For the phytosociological study, 16 plots of 10 x 10 m were established in each site and all trees with Perimeter at breast height > 15 cm were sampled. Both sites presented a mixture of Haplic Gleisoil and Melanic Gleisoil. A total of 81 species were identified, belonging to 59 genera and 31 families. Myrtaceae was the family of greatest richness in both areas. The Jaccard’s similarity index was 29,6%. The Shannon’s diversity index was lower in the site of greater water saturation (H´=2,86). However, few species are well adapted to environmental constraints associated with excess water in the substrate. Due to geographical proximity and similarities of climate and soil between the communities, the main factor determining the structure and floristic composition seems to be closely related to the condition of drainage of the soil.Keywords: Atlantic Forest; coastal plain; caxeta; water saturation. 

scholarly journals MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY OF SEEDLINGS FOUND IN A TROPICAL RAINFOREST SEED BANK, IN THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Joselane Príscila Gomes Da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marangon ◽  
Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano ◽  
Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Shade Cloth ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

The aim of this study was to evaluate the identification and floristic composition of seedlings of tree species, located in the soil seed bank of a remnant of the Dense Ombrophilous Forest of the Lowlands, in the Northeast of Brazil, from a morphofunctional ecology standpoint. A hundred and fifty two soil samples (0.2 m x 0.15 m x 0.05 m) were taken from a forest remnant, stored in polyethylene bags, identified and then taken to the Forest Nursery at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, where they were placed in polyethylene boxes under a 70% shade cloth and evaluated daily for a period of seven months. The seedlings emerged were photographed, separated into morphospecies, identified at the family and gender level and, when possible, at the species level. The density and absolute frequency, as well as the successional and morphological classification of the seedling cotyledons were estimated. In total, 1,577 seedlings of 31 morphospecies were cataloged. Melastomataceae was the family that presented the greatest richness, representing 48% of the species identified. The average density was 344.62 seeds.m-2, with higher densities for species of the family Melastomataceae, together with Maprounea guianensis and Cecropia palmata. There was a predominance of seedlings with epigeal and phanerocotylar germination, and with foliaceous cotyledons, corresponding to 93.56%. The seed bank was composed, predominantly, by pioneer species such as Cecropia palmata, Henriettea succosa, Miconia hypoleuca and Miconia tomentosa. Seedlings with epigeal germination, foliaceous and phanerocotylar cotyledons predominated for being easily established in more open areas.

scholarly journals Orthopteran diversity at Keraniganj, Dhaka

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Aktar ◽  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Md Abdul Alim
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
The Family ◽  
Shannon’S Diversity Index ◽  
Orthopteran Species ◽  
Observation Period

This study was conducted to assess the divesity of Orthopteran species at some grasslands and crop fields of Keranigonj upazila in Dhaka district, Bangladesh from April, 2014 to September, 2014. A total of 20 species under 18 genera belonging to 7 families have been recorded. Among them 4 species were more common, 6 species were moderately distributed and 10 species documented as rare. The highest number of Orthopterans was from the family Acrididae 60.58% (10 spp.) followed by Tetrigidae 15.32% (2 spp.), Gryllidae 14.23% (4 spp.), Tettigonidae 10.33% (1 sp.), Locustidae 2.55% (1 sp.), Mantidae 2.55% ( 1 sp.), and the lowest from the family Gryllotalpidae 2.19% (1 sp.). During observation period the number of Orthopterans was highest recorded in the month of May (20.44%) followed by April (19.34%), June (17.52%), July (14.60%), August (14.23%), and the lowest in September (13.87%). Shannon’s diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index represent moderate value (H = 2.82) and moderately low value (λ = 0.07), respectively indicating moderate diversity richness for Orthopteran species. The value of species evenness (E = 0.94) tends to be higher indicating that the species are eventually distributed.Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(1): 21-31, 2018

scholarly journals FLORISTIC DIVERSITY OF SECONDARY FOREST IN THE EASTERN AMAZON, STATE OF AMAPÁ

FLORESTA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
José Renan da Silva Guimarães ◽  
Marcelo De Jesus Veiga Carim ◽  
Luciedi De Cássia Leôncio Tostes ◽  
Salustiano Vilar da Costa Neto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phytosociological Study

The increasing importance of secondary forests all over the world alerts us to the urgent need to understand the biophysical and social underlying factors that affect its regeneration after the abandonment of agricultural practices and natural disturbances. In the state of Amapá, studies related to the structure of secondary forests are still scarce. Therefore, this article aims to characterize the floristic composition and structure in two stretches of secondary forest in the eastern Amazon, state of Amapá. For the floristic and phytosociological study of tree species, 10 plots of 10 x 100 m (1.0 ha) were established: five plots in the community of São Francisco do Iratapuru and five plots in the community of Santo Antônio waterfall, totaling half a hectare (0,5 ha) in each area. In all plots, subjects with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were considered. In total, 1,183 subjects were sampled in the two stretches of forest. In stretch 01, 565 subjects belonging to 74 species, 55 genera and 33 families were recorded. In stretch 02, 618 subjects belonging to 26 species, 23 genera and 15 families were recorded. The Shannon diversity index (H'), estimated for stretch 1, was 3.52; and for stretch 2 (2.23). The two studied stretches, despite being registered at the same age, showed significant difference in the species richness, which is the major factor for diversity differences, resulting in low similarity between the studied forests.

scholarly journals Diversity of ground beetles (Carabidae) in the plantations of fast growing trees

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Pavla Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Poecilus Cupreus ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Abax Parallelepipedus ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Shannon’S Diversity Index

The species diversity of ground beetles (Carabidae) was monitored in the plantations of fast growing trees (poplars and willows) in the District of Žďár nad Sázavou, Czech Republic (faunistic square 6463). Relations between age and type of vegetation and biodiversity were observed. Samples were collected from pitfall traps at monthly intervals from May to October in 2008. In total, 36 species of Carabidae represented by 912 specimens were entrapped in the 4 monitored plots. Basic synecologic characteristics (dominance, species diversity, evenness and Jaccard similarity index) were evaluated. The most numerous species in the plot No. 1 was Abax parallelepipedus (99 specimens), in the plot No. 2 Limodromus assimilis (112 specimens), in the plot No. 3 Amara montivaga (32 specimens) and in the plot No. 4 Poecilus cupreus (52 specimens). The majority of adaptable species was recorded in the plot No. 1, which signifies a well-regenerated secondary biotope. Shannon’s diversity index (2.78) were the highest in the plot No. 3, and the highest evenness was also in the plot No.​ 3 (0.84). The highest similarity expressed by the Jaccard similarity index was observed between the plots No. 2 and 4, the lowest between the plots No. 1 and 3. Fast growing trees plantations host similar fauna of ground beetles as the surrounding agroecosystems with eurytopic species dominating. Specific species of cultivated trees do not probably significantly affect the species composition of ground beetles, but the density of vegetation can affect the abundance of species present. Two threatened species of (Brachinus explodens and Cicindela campestris) according to Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. were identified in the monitored plots.

scholarly journals FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF A PEAT SWAMP FOREST IN THE CONSERVATION AREA OF THE PT NATIONAL SAGO PRIMA, SELAT PANJANG, RIAU, INDONESIA

REINWARDTIA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusi Rosalina ◽  
Kuswata Kartawinata ◽  
Nisyawati Nisyawati ◽  
Erwin Nurdin ◽  
Jatna Supriatna
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Composition And Structure

We studied the floristic composition and structure of the logged-over peat swamp forest in the  PT National Sago Prima of PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk. group for future management of the conservation area that has been  set aside by the company.  In January - February 2012, 25 quadrats of 20 m x 20 m were laid out systematically along a transect,  thus covering a sampled area of 1-ha.  The results showed that the study site was a regenerating and developing secondary peat swamp forests having high plant species richness.  The total number of species recorded was 73 species of 38 families, consisting of 49 species (30 families) of trees (DBH? 10 cm ), 42 species (24 families) of saplings (H > 1.5 m and DBH < 10 cm), and 41 species (27 families) of seedlings and undergrowth.  Tree density was 550 individuals/ha, and total tree basal area was 18.32 m2. The Shannon-Wiener’s Diversity Index for trees was high  (3.05)  Two tree species with the highest Importance Values (IV) were Pandanus atrocarpus (IV= 45.86 %) and Blumeodendron subrotundifolium (22.46  %).  The tree families with the highest IV were Pandanaceae (45.86), Myrtaceae (40.37), and Dipterocarpaceae (39.20). Forest structure dominated by trees with a diameter below 20 cm amounting to 408 trees/ha (74.05%). and  D and E strata with height of less than 20 m, and density of 431 trees/ha (78.36%). Jaccard Similarity index among species, showed  strong association between Pandanus atrocarpus and Blumeodendron subrotundifolium  and based on this association combined  with high IVs, the two parameters of species  characterized the forest, hence the forest could be designated as the Pandanus atrocarpus--Blumeodendron subrotundifolium association. Primary forest species with high economic values were still present in the forest. Eleven species can be included in the IUCN Red List, of which Shorea rugosa is in the category of Critically Endangered), Shorea tesymanniana Endangered and  Gonystylus bancanus vulnerable, hence they should  be protected.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION IN A DENSE OMBROPHILOUS FOREST AREA UNDER FOREST MANAGEMENT

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Yasmim Andrade Ramos ◽  
Bruno Aurélio Campos Aguiar ◽  
Marcos Vinicius Cardoso Silva ◽  
Renata Elaine Siqueira Matos ◽  
Maria Cristina Bueno Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Dense Ombrophilous Forest

This study shows the phytosociology and floristics of a Dense Ombrophilous Forest fragment under forest management in Portel city, Pará State. Six conglomerates were sampled, divided into secondary and tertiary plots totaling 120 sample units of 0.4 hectares each, in which all trees with diameter at breast height (130 cm above ground; DBH) above 10 cm were measured. These individuals were botanically identified, and evenness and floristic similarity were calculated. There were 3,586 individuals distributed in 42 families, 121 genera, and 174 species. Families Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, and Sapotaceae were the ones that obtained the highest IVI and the highest representativity of individuals. Species Eschweilera coriacea (DC.) S.A.Mori, Vouacapoua americana Aubl., and Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart were the ones with the highest IVI. Among the ten highest results, we highlight Syzygiopsis oppositifolia Ducke and Manilkara dardanoi Ducke, with great potential for timber production. The Shannon diversity index averaged 3.83 between the plots, and the Pielou evenness averaged 0.84, showing that the area presents high floristic diversity and great potential for forest management activities.

scholarly journals Plant Diversity and Composition of Three Different Altitudes in Sikka Forest Area - East Nusa Tenggara

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
Abban Putri Fiqa ◽  
Gebby Agnessya Esa Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Plant Composition ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Different Altitudes

East Nusa Tenggara located in the Wallacea area that has many endemic species. However, the existence of germplasm diversity in this area has been threatened due to landscape changes and deforestation. The research was conducted to identify floristic composition in Sikka forest area. This research also aimed to compare that plant composition in Sikka forest area on each of the different altitudes, including their diversity richness and environmental factors. Two sampling methods were used, which are Point-Centered Quarter (PCQ) method that applied for trees and nested sampling method 5x5 m2 for sapling and 2x2 m2 for ground cover. Measured parameters were Relative Density (RD), Relative Frequency (RF), Relative Coverage/dominance (RC), Important Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), and Jaccard Similarity Index (J’). Research results showed that the diversity index of each region was relatively low. Plant composition of tree, sapling, and groundcover in three different altitudes was quite different. This result indicates that the plant composition in the Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara is very diverse. The temperature and relative humidity in each altitude area observed was significantly different. One of the endemic species of Flores Island, Eucalyptus urophylla, was only found at 500-700 m asl. There are very limited research on the vegetation diversity held in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. This research can be the basic for further research in order to explore the potential diversity of flora in this area.

scholarly journals Floristic composition and distribution pattern of herbaceous plant diversity in fallow lands of the central districts of Punjab, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15864-15880
Author(s):  
Jashanpreet Kaur ◽  
Rajni Sharma ◽  
Pushp Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Fallow Lands

This study explores the change in composition of herbaceous plants with change in season and site in the fallow lands of central districts of Punjab, India.  Overall 41 plant species were reported from studied sites.  Poaceae and Asteraceae were recorded as dominant families with seven and six plant species, respectively.  Density and IVI values of perennial plant species were recorded to be the maximum from July to September and for annuals maximum values were from February to March and from July to September.  Diversity indices like Shannon Wiener index, evenness index, Menhinick index, and Simpson diversity index values showed variation with season and site.  Similarity index value between studied sites was recorded to be the minimum in July (0.45) which indicates a maximum value of dissimilarity index in this month.  The information generated in this study can be exploited by researchers for conservation of natural plant diversity and timely assessments of such areas help to study climate change. ,,,,,.

Carabidae of Barnaul city parks: ecological characteristics and species composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
E. A. Kuchina ◽  
N. D. Ovcharenko ◽  
L. D. Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Steppe Species

<p>Anthropogenic impact on the population of ground beetles leads to a change in their numbers, structure of dominance, density, species composition, spectrum of life forms. This makes the beetles Carabidae a convenient and informative bioindicator of the ecological state of biocenoses. The material for this work was the Carabidae collections conducted in June-August 2016-2017 in the park zone of different regions of Barnaul, differing in location, area, hydrological regime, vegetation cover, purpose and anthropogenic load. When processing the material, the quantitative, species and generic composition of the carabidae was determined, calculations were made for such indicators as the Berger-Parker dominance index, the Shannon species diversity index (Hs), and the Jacquard species similarity index. The fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the park zone of Barnaul is represented by 55 species belonging to 20 genera. The dominant group is represented by species belonging to steppe, forest and polyzonal groups. Forest-steppe species of ground beetles as dominants have not been identified in any of the investigated territories. The greatest variety of ecological groups was noted on the territory of the Yubileyny рark, which is explained by the presence of zones with various microclimatic conditions, the presence of a birch grove that flows through the park with the Pivovarka River, and a wide log in the park. Registered species belong to eight groups of life forms belonging to two classes - zoophagous and myxophytophagous. On the numerical and species abundance, zoophages predominate. The spectrum of life forms corresponds to the zonal spectrum characteristic of the forest-steppe zone.</p><p> </p>

Diversity metrics, species turnovers and nestedness of bird assemblages in a deep karst sinkhole

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Battisti ◽  
Marco Giardini ◽  
Francesca Marini ◽  
Lorena Di Rocco ◽  
Giuseppe Dodaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Stick Model ◽  
Karst Sinkhole

We reported a study on breeding birds occurring inside an 80 m-deep karst sinkhole, with the characterization of the assemblages recorded along its semi-vertical slopes from the upper edge until the bottom. The internal sides of the sinkhole have been vertically subdivided in four belts about 20 m high. The highest belt (at the upper edge of the cenote) showed the highest values in mean number of bird detections, mean and normalized species richness, and Shannon diversity index. The averaged values of number of detections and species richness significantly differ among belts. Species turnover (Cody’s β-diversity) was maximum between the highest belts. Whittaker plots showed a marked difference among assemblages shaping from broken-stick model to geometric series, and explicited a spatial progressive stress with a disruption in evenness towards the deepest belts. Bird assemblages evidenced a nested subset structure with deeper belts containing successive subsets of the species occurring in the upper belts. We hypothesize that, at least during the daytime in breeding season, the observed non-random distribution of species along the vertical stratification is likely due to (i) the progressive simplification both of the floristic composition and vegetation structure, and (ii) the paucity of sunlight as resources from the upper edge to the inner side of the cenote.

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