scholarly journals DINÂMICA DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA DO MUNICÍPIO DE FLORESTA, PE

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Araújo Silva ◽  
Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo Ferreira ◽  
José Antônio Aleixo da Silva ◽  
Iêdo Bezerra Sá ◽  
Simone Mirtes Araújo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
The City

Objetivou-se mapear a dinâmica de mudança do uso da terra e da cobertura florestal no período de 21 anos (1987 a 2008), no município de Floresta, PE. Foram utilizadas imagens de satélite LANDSAT 5 nos períodos de 1987, 1997 e 2008. Utilizou-se o aplicativo SPRING para elaboração da base de dados cartográficos e do processamento digital das imagens. As imagens foram segmentadas e classificadas pelo algoritmo de Bhattacharya, com a finalidade de produzir mapas temáticos nos seguintes usos da terra: vegetação densa, vegetação semidensa, solo exposto, agropecuária (cultivos/pecuária), corpos d´água e mata ciliar. Para um período de 21 anos, a cobertura florestal recuou 14,83%. O solo exposto teve um ganho de 8,61%, a classe agropecuária acumulou um ganho de 5,75%, os corpos d’água, ao longo do tempo, demonstraram um aumento de 4,03% e a mata ciliar teve tendência à queda ao longo dos períodos analisados, com uma perda total de 3,57%. Esses dados refletem as transformações por que o município de Floresta vem passando quanto ao uso da terra. A diminuição da cobertura florestal do município entre 1987 e 2008 foi a principal consequência da interação clima e pressão antrópica por recursos florestais, necessidade de expansão urbana e atividades agropecuárias.Palavras chave: Sensoriamento remoto; gestão florestal; semiárido; caatinga. AbstractUse dinamics and land cover in Floresta-PE. The objective was to map the dynamic changes of land use and forest cover in the last 21 years (1987 to 2008), the City of Forest-PE. We used satellite images LANDSAT 5 periods in 1987, 1997 and 2008. We used the SPRING software for compiling the database and cartographic processing of digital images. The images were segmented and classified by the algorithm Bhattacharya, in order to produce thematic maps in the following land uses: dense vegetation, semi-dense vegetation, bare soil, agriculture (crops / livestock), water bodies and riparian vegetation. For a period of 21 years the forest cover decreased by 14.83%. The soil was exposed to a gain of 8.61%, the class agricultural accumulated gain of 5.75%, water bodies, over time, showed an increase of 4.03% and riparian tended to fall over the periods analyzed with a total loss of 3.57%. These data reflect the changes that the city has been experiencing as of forest land use. The decrease in forest cover between 1987 and 2008 the city was the main consequence of the interaction of climate and anthropogenic pressure forest resources, need for urban expansion and agricultural activities.Keywords: Remote sensing; forest management; semiarid; caatinga.

scholarly journals Geoecological Assessment for The Structure of the Complex Green Zone of Ternopil City and its Optimization

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
Restricted Use ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural Component

Modern processes of urbanization in the city of Ternopil are accompanied by an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural component, compaction of building and reduction of green areas. Therefore, there is a need to conduct a geoecological assessment of the structure of plantings of the complex green zone of the city, as a factor of ecological safety of the urban ecosystem of Ternopil. Purpose. To assess the structure of the complex green zone of Ternopil city and justify the priority straightways for its optimization. Methods. Descriptive, comparative-geographical, geoinformation, statistical, mathematical, geoecological analysis and optimization modelling. Results. During the geoecological assessment for the structure of the complex green zone of Ternopil city, it was found that its total area is 9684 hectares, of which 2027 hectares – forest-park part and 7657 hectares – forestry part. The structure of the complex green zone of Ternopil city is dominated by forests 64%, water bodies and swamps 18,5% and green planting 17,5%. It is determined that the normative area of the complex green zone of Ternopil city should be 13470 hectares, respectively, the deficit of green planting is 5813 hectares. In order to optimize the complex green zone of Ternopil city and bring its area to the normative indicators, the inclusion of perennial plantations in its structure is substantiated and a model of increasing forest cover due to eroded lands is developed. Implementation of such measures and change of purpose of separate land plots will allow to increase the area of forests in the forestry part of the complex green zone of Ternopil city by 3916 hectares and to reduce the erosion of arable lands by 40%. Conclusions. The optimal structure of the complex green zone of Ternopil city will include 8823 hectares - forests, 1903 hectares - perennial plantations, 1419 hectares - water bodies and swamps, 577 hectares - green planting of common use, 433 hectares - special-purpose green planting and 321 hectares - green planting of restricted use. The total area of the complex green zone of Ternopil city will be 13476 hectares. This optimization model of the complex green zone of the city will contribute to its sustainable development and realization of the main functional potentials.

scholarly journals SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF LANDSCAPE PATTERNS IN THE CATOLÉ WATERSHED, NORTHERN MINAS GERAIS1

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Nogueira Martins ◽  
Selma Alves Abrahão ◽  
Danilo Pereira Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Paula Ferreira Colares ◽  
Marco Antonio Zanella
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Processing Level ◽  
Spatio Temporal

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to quantify the spatio-temporal changes in land use/ cover (LULC), as well as analyze landscape patterns over a 20-year period (1995 - 2015) in the Catolé watershed, northern Minas Gerais State, using landscape metrics. The LULC maps were obtained using Landsat 5 and 8 data (Processing level 1) through supervised classification using the maximum likelihood classifier. Seven thematic classes were identified: dense vegetation, sparse vegetation, riparian vegetation, cropland, planted forest, bare soil, and water. From the LULC maps, classes related to the natural landscape (dense, sparse, and riparian vegetation) were grouped into forest patches, which was then ordered by size: very small (< 5 ha); small (5 - 10 ha); medium (10 - 100 ha); large (100 ha); and a general class (no distinction of patch size). Then, metrics of area, size and density, edge, shape, proximity and core area were calculated. The dense vegetation portion of the study area decreased considerably within a given time, while the portion of cropland and bare soil increased. Overall, in the Catolé river basin, the total area of natural vegetation decreased by 3,273 hectares (4.62%). Landscape metrics analysis exhibited a reduction in the number of very small patches, although the study area was still considered as fragmented. Moreover, a maximum edge distance of 50 m is suggested for conducting studies involving core area metrics in the Catolé watershed, as values above this distance would eliminate the very small patches.

scholarly journals Цифровізація розвитку міст: Urban Atlas на основі відкритих даних для міст України

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Андрій Юрійович Шелестов ◽  
Алла Миколаївна Лавренюк ◽  
Богдан Ялкапович Яйлимов ◽  
Ганна Олексіївна Яйлимова
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Project Smart ◽  
Unified Algorithm ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Ukraine is an associate member of the European Union and in the coming years it is expected that all data and services already used by EU countries will be available to Ukraine. The lack of quality national products for assessing the development and planning of urban growth makes it impossible to assess the impact of cities on the environment and human health. The first steps to create such products for the cities of Ukraine were initiated within the European project "SMart URBan Solutions for air quality, disasters and city growth" (SMURBS), in which specialists from the Space Research Institute of NAS of Ukraine and SSA of Ukraine received the first city atlas for the Kyiv city, which was similar to the European one. However, the resulting product had significantly fewer types of land use than the European one and therefore the question of improving the developed technology arose. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the existing technology of European service Urban Atlas creation and its improvement by developing a unified algorithm for building an urban atlas using all available open geospatial and satellite data for the cities of Ukraine. The development of such technology is based on our own technology for classifying satellite time series with a spatial resolution of 10 meters to build a land cover map, as well as an algorithm for unifying open geospatial data to urban atlases Copernicus. The technology of construction of the city atlas developed in work, based on the intellectual model of classification of a land cover, can be extended to other cities of Ukraine. In the future, the creation of such a product on the basis of data for different years will allow to assess changes in land use and make a forecast for further urban expansion. The proposed information technology for constructing the city atlas will be useful for assessing the dynamics of urban growth and closely related social and economic indicators of their development. Based on it, it is also possible to assess indicators of achieving the goals of sustainable development, such as 11.3.1 "The ratio of land consumption and population growth." The study shows that the city atlas obtained for the Kyiv city has a high level of quality and has comparable land use classes with European products. It indicates that such a product can be used in government decision-making services.

scholarly journals Tree Species Diversity and Socioeconomic Perspectives of the Urban (Food) Forest of Accra, Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Nero ◽  
Nana Kwapong ◽  
Raymond Jatta ◽  
Oluwole Fatunbi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The City

Urban and peri-urban forestry has emerged as a complementary measure to contribute towards eliminating urban hunger and improved nutritional security. However, there is scanty knowledge about the composition, diversity, and socioeconomic contributions of urban food trees in African cities. This paper examines the diversity and composition of the urban forest and food trees of Accra and sheds light on perceptions of urbanites regarding food tree cultivation and availability in the city. Using a mixed methods approach, 105 respondents in six neighborhoods of Accra were interviewed while over 200 plots (100-m2 each) were surveyed across five land use types. Twenty-two out of the 70 woody species in Accra have edible parts (leaves, fruits, flowers, etc.). The food-tree abundance in the city is about half of the total number of trees enumerated. The species richness and abundance of the food trees and all trees in the city were significantly different among land use types (p < 0.0001) and neighborhood types (p < 0.0001). The diversity of food-bearing tree species was much higher in the poorer neighborhoods than in the wealthier neighborhoods. Respondents in wealthier neighborhoods indicated that tree and food-tree cover of the city was generally low and showed greater interest in cultivating food (fruit) trees and expanding urban forest cover than poorer neighborhoods. These findings demonstrate the need for urban food policy reforms that integrate urban-grown tree foods in the urban food system/culture.

scholarly journals Land use/land cover patterns and challenges to sustainable management of the Mono transboundary biosphere reserve between Togo and Benin, West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1734-1751
Author(s):  
Kossi Adjonou ◽  
Issa Adbou-Kérim Bindaoudou ◽  
Kossi Novinyo Segla ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
Kolawole Valère Salako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Dense Forest

The Mono Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (RBTM) has significant resources but faces many threats that lead to habitat fragmentation and reduction of ecosystem services. This study, based on satellite image analysis and processing, was carried out to establish the baseline of land cover and land use status and to analyze their dynamics over the period 1986 to 2015. The baseline of land cover established six categories of land use including wetlands (45.11%), mosaic crops/fallow (25.99%), savannas (17.04%), plantation (5.50%), agglomeration/bare soil (4.38%) and dense forest (1.98%). The analysis of land use dynamics showed a regression for wetlands (-23%), savannas (-16.06%) and dense forest (-7.60%). On the contrary, occupations such as mosaic crops/fallow land, urban agglomerations/bare soil and plantation increase in area estimated at respectively 128.64%, 93.94% and 45.23%. These results are of interest to stakeholders who assess decisions affecting the use of natural resources and provide environmental information essential for applications ranging from land-use planning, forest cover monitoring and the production of environmental statistics.Keywords: Land use, baseline, spatial dynamics, environmental statistics, ecological monitoring.

scholarly journals Perkembangan Wilayah dan Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kabupaten Purwakarta sebagai Dampak dari Proses Konurbasi Jakarta-Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Alfin Murtadho ◽  
Siti Wulandari ◽  
Muhammad Wahid ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
The Impact

<p class="ISI-Paragraf">Jabodetabek and Bandung Raya metropolitan region experienced an urban expansion phenomenon that caused the two metropolitan regions to become increasingly connected by a corridor and form a mega-urban region caused by the conurbation process. Purwakarta regency is one of the regions in Jakarta-Bandung corridor that experienced the impact of Jakarta-Bandung conurbation process. This study aims to analyze the level of regional development, to analyze land cover change that occurred, and to predict Purwakarta Regency land use/land cover in 2030. Regional development analysis is done by using the Scalogram method based on Potential Village data of year 2003 and 2014. Land cover change analysis is done through spatial analysis by overlaying land cover Landsat Satellite Image of year 2000 and 2015. Land use/land cover prediction in 2030 is conducted through spatial modelling of Cellular Automata Markov method. Purwakarta Regency experienced an increase in regional development within the period of 11 years (2003 to 2014), which is marked by a decrease in the percentage of the number of villages that are in hierarchy III and increase in the percentage of the number of villages that are in hierarchy II and I. In general, within 15 years (2000 to 2015) Purwakarta Regency has increasing number of built-up area and mixed gardens, meanwhile dry land, forest, paddy field, and water bodies tend to decrease. The results of CA Markov analysis show that the built-up area is predicted to continue to increase from 2000 to 2030, meanwhile paddy fields and water bodies will continue to decrease.</p>

scholarly journals The ecology of Nipah virus in Bangladesh: a nexus of land use change and opportunistic feeding behavior in bats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifton D. McKee ◽  
Ausraful Islam ◽  
Stephen P. Luby ◽  
Henrik Salje ◽  
Peter J. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Current System ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Roosting Behavior

AbstractNipah virus is a bat-borne paramyxovirus that produces yearly outbreaks of fatal encephalitis in Bangladesh. Understanding the ecological conditions that lead to spillover from bats to humans can assist in designing effective interventions. To investigate the current and historical processes that drive Nipah spillover in Bangladesh, we analyzed the relationship between spillover events and climatic conditions, the spatial distribution and size of Pteropus medius roosts, and patterns of land use change in Bangladesh over the last 300 years. We found that 53% of annual variation in winter spillovers is explained by winter temperature, which may affect bat behavior, physiology, and human risk behaviors. We infer from changes in forest cover that a progressive shift in bat roosting behavior occurred over hundreds of years, producing the current system where a majority of P. medius populations are small (median of 150 bats), occupy roost sites for 10 years or more, live in areas of high human population density, and opportunistically feed on cultivated food resources – conditions that promote viral spillover. Without interventions, continuing anthropogenic pressure on bat populations similar to what has occurred in Bangladesh could result in more regular spillovers of other bat viruses, including Hendra and Ebola viruses.

scholarly journals The Ecology of Nipah Virus in Bangladesh: A Nexus of Land-Use Change and Opportunistic Feeding Behavior in Bats

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Clifton D. McKee ◽  
Ausraful Islam ◽  
Stephen P. Luby ◽  
Henrik Salje ◽  
Peter J. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Current System ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Roosting Behavior

Nipah virus is a bat-borne paramyxovirus that produces yearly outbreaks of fatal encephalitis in Bangladesh. Understanding the ecological conditions that lead to spillover from bats to humans can assist in designing effective interventions. To investigate the current and historical processes that drive Nipah spillover in Bangladesh, we analyzed the relationship among spillover events and climatic conditions, the spatial distribution and size of Pteropus medius roosts, and patterns of land-use change in Bangladesh over the last 300 years. We found that 53% of annual variation in winter spillovers is explained by winter temperature, which may affect bat behavior, physiology, and human risk behaviors. We infer from changes in forest cover that a progressive shift in bat roosting behavior occurred over hundreds of years, producing the current system where a majority of P. medius populations are small (median of 150 bats), occupy roost sites for 10 years or more, live in areas of high human population density, and opportunistically feed on cultivated food resources—conditions that promote viral spillover. Without interventions, continuing anthropogenic pressure on bat populations similar to what has occurred in Bangladesh could result in more regular spillovers of other bat viruses, including Hendra and Ebola viruses.

scholarly journals Effect of Land tenure change on Land use in Machakos County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mary Wamuyu Baaru ◽  
Charles K. K. Gachene
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Bare Land

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Land tenure is considered an important issue of development agenda and this has led to land allocation and titling in developing countries across continents. As a result, a massive transfer of land rights. Land tenure has been considered as one of the key factors that define patterns and changes in land use system. Due to challenges in collective ownership, Kenya has embraced this idea shifted away to individual land tenure system. This paper examines how land tenure change has influenced land use patterns in Katheka-kai Location, Machakos County for 21 years (1988- 2009), Kenya.</p><p> The study area was until 1995 a ranching scheme but transformed to individual farms, providing a niche in studying land use change. Six classes identified as forests, cultivated land, savannah grassland, water bodies, built-up land, rocky areas, and bare land was used for change detection. Thematic change detection for Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ was established using ENVI EX. This was done by selecting two images of the same scene, with same number of classes and same names at different times.</p><p> During the period of 1988&amp;ndash;2009, the major land use/cover was savannah grassland, bare land, rocky areas, and forest. Cultivated land, built-up areas, and water bodies had the least land cover. The land use/cover change has been dynamic with about 68.6% land changing from one land use to another between 1988 and 2009 (Figure 1 and 2).</p><p> The 24.4% increase recorded in savanna grassland was at the expense of rocky areas, forest cover, bare land and water bodies that lost 18.7, 2.9, 2.1 and 0.7% respectively (Table 1). Despite the loss, forest cover still recorded 2.7% increase between 1988 and 2009 mostly from rocky areas (1.6%) and bare land (1.2%). Apart from becoming savanna grassland, most of the bare land was converted to rocky areas (7.6%), cultivated land (1.8%) and forests (1.2%) and this explains the 7.4% decrease in area under bare land. Cultivated land witnessed a 1.8% increase between 1988 and 2009 and was due to conversion of bare land (1.8%) and forest cover (0.6%) into cultivated land. Increase in percentage area under built-up areas (0.5%) was as result of conversion of bare land (0.2%), rocky areas (0.2%) and savanna grassland (0.1%). Water bodies changed to become savanna grassland (0.7%) and rocky areas (0.4%) and this led to 0.5% decline in land under water bodies.</p><p> Savanna grassland, bare land and rocky areas are the dominating land uses/justified by the fact that the area is a rangeland initially hosting a range of wildlife animals. Increased population leads to high demand for food and housing and this explains the increase cultivation land and built-up areas. A study carried out by Gathaara et. al. (2010) in the same area reported that most of the farmers resulted in agricultural activities to meet increasing food demand as well as for economic gains. Similarly, Mundia and Muranyan (2009) reported that changing land tenure policy resulted in expansion of agricultural land. Furthermore, after subdivision and issuance of title deeds to individual members, the owner gets the rights to make land use decisions based on benefits.</p></p>

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