scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of coagulase-negative staphylococci obtained from nares of adult patients admitted to Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Cecilia T. Atolagbe ◽  
Babajide A. Tytler ◽  
Olanrewaju Jimoh ◽  
Adebola T. Olayinka ◽  
Busayo Olayinka
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cons Isolate

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are part of the normal microbial flora of the skin and mucous membranes. Nasal colonization with antibiotic-resistant CoNS represents both a risk factor for the colonized individual and their immediate contacts. This study determines the antibiotics susceptibility pattern and resistance phenotypes to a specific group of antimicrobial agents in CoNS isolate from the nares of adult patients from Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty-three presumptive staphylococci isolate from nasal colonization surveillance cultures of adult patients were collected from the diagnostic medical microbiology laboratory of ABUTH, Zaria and were characterized using standard microbiological procedures and their susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents determined using the guideline of European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST). A total of 60 of the 123 (49%) staphylococcal isolate were CoNS. Characterization of the sixty CoNS isolate showed that the most predominant species were S. chromogenes (30.0%), S xylosus (15.0%) and S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans (13.3%). The highest level of resistance was observed to Cefoxitin (95.0%) and the lowest to Tigecycline (1.7%). S. epidermidis isolates were observed to show ≥60% resistance to all tested antibiotics with the exception of Tigecycline (0%) and Gentamicin (20%). Analysis of the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) showed that majority (96.7%) of the isolates were resistant to 3 or more of the antimicrobial agents. No isolate was resistant to all the tested antimicrobial agents. A very high proportion of the CoNS isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, penicillin, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and vancomycin. In conclusion, the high proportion of isolates with MARI of 0.3 and above indicates a high level of antibiotic use or exposure in the study area. These findings revealed the need for continued surveillance for resistant phenotype to inform clinical therapy decisions

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Corynebacterium striatum.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2671-2672 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Martínez-Martínez ◽  
A Pascual ◽  
K Bernard ◽  
A I Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Corynebacterium Striatum ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

The in vitro activities of 16 antimicrobial agents against 86 strains of Corynebacterium striatum were evaluated by microdilution using cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth. MICs at which 90% of strains were inhibited were 0.06 microgram/ml for teicoplanin, 1 microgram/ml for vancomycin, 0.03 to 8 micrograms/ml for beta-lactams, 8 micrograms/ml for sparfloxacin, 16 micrograms/ml for ciprofloxacin, 16/304 micrograms/ml for co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), 64 micrograms/ml for tetracycline, 128 micrograms/ml for gentamicin, and > 128 micrograms/ml for amikacin, erythromycin, and rifampin.

scholarly journals Outbreak of multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in calves at a veterinary hospital in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Pantuzza Ramos ◽  
Letícia Camêlo Vespasiano ◽  
Isabela Oliveira Melo ◽  
Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier ◽  
Carlos Augusto Gomes Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Nosocomial Outbreak ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to describe and characterize a nosocomial outbreak caused by a multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in hospitalized calves at a veterinary medical teaching hospital from Brazil. Sixty-three (96.9%) calves showed lethargy, hyperthermia and profuse diarrhea and despite treatment, 26 (41.2%) animals died. Five animals were necropsied and stool samples of six calves were collected. The isolated strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test by disc-difusion method and were fingerprinted by ERIC-PCR. Macroscopic lesions suggestive of salmonellosis, such as fibrinonecrotic enteritis and hepatosplenomegaly were observed. Salmonellosis was confirmed by isolation of S. Typhimurium from stool samples and organs from seven affected animals. Six out of seven isolates of S. Typhimurium, exhibited 100% of similarity at ERIC-PCR, suggesting occurrence of nosocomial transmission of S. Typhimurium among the hospitalized calves. All but one S. Typhimurium isolated were resistant to marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, antimicrobial agents largely used for humans and animal treatment. This is the first study of a nosocomial outbreak of multidrug resistant S. Typhimurium in a veterinary hospital in Brazil and highlighted the need for preventive measures to reduce the risks for inpatients and humans in contact with animals.

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