Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among residents and workers of long-term care facilities in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil: an epidemiological survey

OBJECTIVE: Residents and workers in long-term care facilities (LTCF) for older adults share the same space, and residents are more susceptible to COVID-19 complications. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies as an indication of previous infection of both residents and workers in LTCFs, as well as associated factors. METHODS: This epidemiological survey was conducted in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, a medium-sized city. Stratified sampling was performed, with data collected on demographics, health, LTCF protective measures, activities of daily living, and cognition. A serological test was carried out on all selected individuals. RESULTS: The mean resident and worker ages were 80.62 (SD, 9.66) and 37.41 (SD, 12.42) years, respectively. The serological test was positive in 13.33% of the residents, who had 2.91 (SD, 1.28) chronic diseases and used 5.65 (SD, 2.79) medications. Dementia screening was negative in only 11.1%, and only 20% were independent in activities of daily living. The serological test results were positive in 25.93% of the workers, although SARS-CoV-2 had been previously detected in only 6.9%. The LTCF did not perform systematic screening of worker respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: There was a higher seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among LTCF workers than residents. Systematic screening of worker symptoms before each shift was not regularly performed. The high prevalence of cognitive changes among LTCF residents can impede adherence to personal protection measures.

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The effect of physical rehabilitation on activities of daily living in older residents of long-term care facilities: systematic review with meta-analysis

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/aft133 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 682-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Tom Crocker ◽

John Young ◽

Anne Forster ◽

Lesley Brown ◽

Seline Ozer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Physical Rehabilitation ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities

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IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAIN AND FEAR OF FALLING IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES?

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2635 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S718-S719

Author(s):

Edgar R Vieira ◽

Diego Tavares ◽

Particia Nobrega ◽

Alvaro Maciel

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Fear Of Falling ◽

Term Care ◽

Assessment Scores ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Geriatric Pain

Abstract Fear of falling is common in older adults and it is associated with multiple factors such as gait and balance issues, difficulties in activities of daily living, visual impairment, and frailty. Unfortunately, fear of falls increases the risk of falls as opposed to protect from falls. Pain can impair mobility, affects activities of daily living, and may also be associated with fear of falling but no studies have evaluated this potential association. The objectives of this study were to evaluate if there was an association between pain and fear of falling in older adults living in long-term care facilities. One hundred and eight older adults living in long-term care facilities participated in the study. The mean age was 79±7 years, and 65% of the participants were women. The participants completed the Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM) questionnaire for multidimensional pain assessment (scores range from 0 to 42), and the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) for fear of falling assessment (scores range from 16 to 64). The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Forty-five percent of the participants had chronic pain (≥3 months) and 18% had acute pain (<3 months). Pain scores were 29±31. Pain was associated with an increase of 3 to 7 points (out of 64 max) in the FES-I. The prevalence of pain in long-term care residents was high, and pain was associated with increased fear of falling.

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Resources of Residents for Potential Transition from Long-Term Care to Community

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina49120082 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (12) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Lina Spirgienė ◽

Pirkko Routasalo ◽

Jūratė Macijauskienė

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Care Facility ◽

Term Care ◽

Term Care Facility ◽

Long Term Care Facility ◽

Care Facilities

Background and Objective. Transition from long-term care to the community can have positive effects on residents’ health and quality of life and promote the feelings of happiness, safety, and independence. The aim of this study was to examine residents’ resources for potential transition to the community after residing in long-term care facilities. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 8 long-term care institutions for older persons of Kaunas county. The study population comprised 252 residents. The items contained in the interRAI Long-Term Care Facility assessment instrument were used to evaluate a consistent positive outlook, social activities, and discharge potential. Cognitive impairment was measured using the Cognitive Performance Scale. Activities of daily living were measured using the Activities of Daily Living Hierarchy Scale. Results. More than 10% of the residents exhibited no cognitive impairment. One-third of the residents preferred to transition back to the community from their long-term care facility. Twothirds expressed that they had familiar surroundings, which could be assumed to increase their feeling of safety at home. Social activities prevalent among residents included taking care of plants and walking outdoors. About 40% of the residents were physically independent in the activities of daily living. In spite of these resources, no residents were involved in a discharge process due to the lack of established nursing and social care services and transitional care plans. Conclusions. With well-organized community services, some residents in long-term care facilities may have enough resources to live in the community.

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The Implementation of Restorative Care and Factors Associated with Resident Outcomes in Long-Term Care Facilities in Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16203860 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (20) ◽

pp. 3860 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu-Hua Wang ◽

Li-Fan Liu ◽

Ling-Hui Chang ◽

Chien-Hsin Yeh

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Physical Function ◽

Family Support ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Term Care ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Care Facilities

This study aimed to analyze how restorative care is implemented in long-term care facilities and factors associated with resident outcomes in Taiwan. A one-group pre-test and post-test design was adopted in 24 long-term care facilities by collecting a sample of 310 participants at the baseline and 210 at six months. Participants were residents aged 65 or over, and were being constrained, used diapers, or were bedridden, or a combination of these. Their physical and mental functions were measured using Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D). Mean differences in the outcomes were analyzed, and mixed effect models were used to examine influencing factors. The results showed that most of the participants had good family support. However, participants with better family support were more likely to drop out. Improvements were found in the residents’ outcomes on physical function, depression and quality of life. Social support was a significant influencing factor on most of the outcomes. In conclusion, restorative care was found to have positive effects on residents’ physical function and helped maintain mental function. Sufficient support and communication between participants, families, and staff in facilities are key factors leading to positive outcomes.

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Enabling meaningful activities and quality of life in long-term care facilities: The stepwise development of a participatory client-centred approach in Flanders

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/0308022618775880 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 15-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patricia De Vriendt ◽

Elise Cornelis ◽

Ruben Vanbosseghem ◽

Valerie Desmet ◽

Dominique Van de Velde

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Social Life ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Term Care ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Care Facilities

Introduction Meaningful activities of daily living promote the quality of life of residents of long-term care facilities. This project aimed to develop an approach to enable meaningful activities of daily living and to guide long-term care facilities in a creative and innovative attitude towards residents' meaningful activities of daily living. Method The approach was developed in six steps: (1) in-depth-interviews with 14 residents; (2) a survey with 171 residents; (3) a systematic map and synthesis review on interventions enriching meaningful activities of daily living; (4) qualitative analysis of 24 ‘good examples’ and, to support future implementation, (5) focus groups with staff ( n = 69). Results determined the components of the new approach which was (6) pilot-tested in one long-term care facility. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered concerning benefits for the residents and feasibility for the staff. Results A client- and activity-oriented approach was developed, characterised by an active participatory attitude of residents and staff and a systematic iterative process. Significant positive effects were found for the number of activities, the satisfaction with the leisure offered, the social network, medication use, but not for quality of life. The approach appeared to be feasible. Conclusion This approach stimulates residents' meaningful activities of daily living and social life. Further investigation is needed to evaluate its outcome and implementation potentials.

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Characteristics of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in Older Adults in Long-term Care Facilities Who Required Physical Care

Rigakuryoho Kagaku ◽

10.1589/rika.31.897 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 897-905

Author(s):

Yohei ARITAKE ◽

Tatsuki YOSHIMATSU ◽

Takeshi SASHIMA

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Physical Care

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Review on Pricing Models for Long-term Care Insurance

Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology ◽

10.33102/mjosht.v5i1.130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Syakir Asrulsani ◽

Mazlynda Md Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Term Care ◽

Protection Mechanism ◽

Long Term Care Insurance ◽

Risk Protection ◽

Care Costs

Funding for long-term care costs among elderly people is a critical matter, especially due to high costs and an unexpected length of time. Placement for long-term care that is funded under Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM) is very limited, hence, the next option is through private nursing homes. However, the cost could be up to RM 2,000 a month for each person. Therefore, Long- Term Care Insurance is an alternative to fund for Long-Term Care costs as it is expected to reduce financial burden during old age. It is a risk protection mechanism for an insured that needs health and financial protection when an individual is unable to do activities of daily living (ADL) or supports in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). This paper reviews three models that have been used in pricing long-term care insurance. All three models use the equivalent principle of premium to price the insurance policy. However, the probability and assumptions used for each model differ, depending on the insured's needs and profile.

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LONG-TERM CARE NEEDS BY CHINESE ELDERLY AND POLICY PRIORITIES IN CHINA

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.916 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S244-S244

Author(s):

Juan Juan Sun ◽

Haichao Wu

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Care Needs ◽

Term Care ◽

Social Survey ◽

Major Chronic Disease ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Physical Functions

Abstract With the life expectancy in China continuing to increase, age-dependent chronic diseases are also likely to increase, as is the number of people with long-term care needs. This study evaluated the Long Term Care (LTC) needs of the Chinese older population and introduced related policy priorities. Using the 2014 and 2016 “China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey”, this study assessed the physical functions of older adults by measuring their ability to perform Activities of Daily Living independently, compared changes within the two years, and explored other related indicators including, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, major chronic disease, and mental health conditions. The study also discussed the development of long-term care policies in China and highlighted the priorities of these policies.

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