In-depth morphological study of mesiobuccal root canal systems in maxillary first molars: review

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the interference of the intracanal medication Calen® (SSWhite, São Paulo, Brazil) on the filling of simulated lateral canals. Materials and methods Twenty human anterior teeth were used. Before the endodontic filling procedures the access of cavity was made, and after this root canals were made in all the teeth to simulate the presence of lateral canals. After preparation, the teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n=10). In group I, the root canal system was filled directly after chemicalmechanical preparation; in group II, endodontic treatment was performed in multiple sessions, and after preparation the calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication Calen® was inserted. After the period of 7 days, the root canals were vigorously irrigated and then they were filled. Next, the teeth were radiographed to verify the quality of the filling. Results The results demonstrated that the teeth treated in a single session, without calcium hydroxide medication, presented 47 canals out of 60 with radiographic evidence of filling, whereas the teeth in which intracanal medication was used, only 07 presented a radiographic image compatible with filling (p < 0.05). Conclusion The use of the calcium hydroxide-based medication Calen made it difficult to obtain a hermetic filling of the root canal system. Clinical significance The clinical significance of this work basing on the fact that once the dentist knowing that property obliteration of calcium hydroxide can be taken care when they are used in the presence of lateral canals. How to cite this article Vilela DD, Neto MM, Villela AM, Pithon MM. Evaluation of Interference of Calcium Hydroxide-based Intracanal Medication in Filling Root Canal Systems . J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(5):368-371.

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Incidence of C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars in the native Chinese population by analysis of clinical methods

International Journal of Oral Science ◽

10.1038/ijos.2012.42 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 161-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yan Wang ◽

Jing Guo ◽

Hai-Bing Yang ◽

Xuan Han ◽

Ying Yu

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Clinical Methods ◽

Canal Systems

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Evaluation of four final irrigation protocols for cleaning root canal walls

International Journal of Oral Science ◽

10.1038/s41368-020-00091-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qiang Li ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Xiaoying Zou ◽

Lin Yue

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Bacterial Survival ◽

Bacterial Inhibition ◽

Layer Removal ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Canal Systems

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of four final irrigation protocols in smear layer removal and bacterial inhibition in root canal systems. Thirty roots inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis were prepared with ProTaper Universal files. The teeth were disinfected by conventional needle irrigation, sonic agitation using the EndoActivator device, passive ultrasonic irrigation, or an M3 Max file. Teeth with no root canal preparation served as blank controls for the establishment of the infection baseline. Teeth with preparation but no final irrigation served as a post-instrumentation baseline. After the final irrigation, the teeth were sectioned in half. One half of each tooth was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess smear layer removal using a five-point scale. The other half was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) using the LIVE/DEAD BackLight bacterial viability kit to evaluate the depth of bacterial survival in dentinal tubules. SEM analysis revealed no significant difference in smear layer removal throughout the whole canal among the EA, PUI, and M3 Max groups (P > 0.05). CLSM revealed that PUI achieved the greatest bacterial inhibition depth in the coronal ((174.27 ± 31.63) μm), middle ((160.94 ± 37.77) μm), and apical ((119.53 ± 28.49) μm) thirds of the canal (all P < 0.05 vs. other groups). According to this comprehensive SEM and CLSM evaluation, PUI appears to have the best infection control ability in root canal systems.

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DISCUSS THE ANATOMICAL VARIABLES IN ROOT CANAL SYSTEMS AND HOW THEY CAN BE OVERCOME FOR ENDODONTIC SUCCESS

Australian Endodontic Newsletter ◽

10.1111/j.1747-4477.1991.tb00275.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

Sharon Smith

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Canal Systems

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Prevalence, virulence and antifungal activity of C. albicans isolated from infected root canals

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01347-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sheela B. Abraham ◽

Farah al Marzooq ◽

Wan Harun Himratul-Aznita ◽

Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed ◽

Lakshman Perera Samaranayake

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Root Canals ◽

Infected Root ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Canal Systems ◽

Infected Root Canal ◽

Genotype A

Abstract Background There is limited data on the prevalence of Candida species in infected root canal systems of human teeth. We attempted to investigate the prevalence, genotype, virulence and the antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans isolated from infected root canals of patients with primary and post-treatment infections in a UAE population. Methods Microbiological samples from 71 subjects with infected root canals were aseptically collected, and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar, and C. albicans was identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and the isolates were further subtyped using ABC genotyping system. Their relative virulence was compared using further four archival samples of endodontic origin from another geographical region, and four more salivary isolates, as controls. The virulence attributes compared were biofilm formation, and production of phospholipase and haemolysin, and the susceptibility to nystatin, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, and fluoconazole was also tested. Results 4 out of 71 samples (5.6%) yielded Candida species. On analysis of variance among the groups, the intracanal isolates, mainly Genotype A, possessed a high degree of phospholipase and haemolysin activity (p < 0.05). The UAE and Finland isolates were stronger biofilm formers and had superior phospholipase production capacity compared with the salivary isolates. All isolates were sensitive to the antifungal chemicals used. The salivary isolates were more sensitive to fluoconazole compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of C. albicans in infected root canals of patients attending a dental hospital in UAE is low. The strains isolated were good biofilm formers, possessed strong phospholipase and haemolysin activity and were mostly of the genotype A. The fact that the root canal isolates possessed significant hydrolase activity, imply that they are equipped with virulence attributes necessary for survival within a harsh intracanal ecosystem.

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Comparison of the Different Techniques to Remove Fractured Endodontic Instruments from Root Canal Systems

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697413 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 90-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Nimet Gencoglu ◽

Dilek Helvacioglu

Keyword(s):

Success Rate ◽

Conventional Method ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Root Canal ◽

Operating Microscope ◽

Removal Method ◽

Effective Removal ◽

Canal Systems ◽

Conventional Methods ◽

Different Levels

ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the success of certain methods that can be used in the removal of separated instruments from different levels in curved and straight canals.Methods: Instrument removal attempts were undertaken on 63 straight and 30 curved canals containing a pre-fractured instrument using the ultrasonics under the visualization of an operating microscope or conventional methods. In straight canals, a Masseran Kit was additionally used to these techniques. The success of instrument removal in relation to the techniques used and the location of the fragments in the root canal were evaluated. Successful treatment was defined by the removal or complete by passing of the fragments.Results: The overall success rate was found 93.3% with ultrasonics and 66.6% when only conventional methodswere used in curved canals. In straight canals, also the success rate was the highest with ultrasonics (95.2%). This was followed by conventional method (80.9%) and the least by Masserann Kit (47.6%). When the success rate was investigated according to the location of the broken instruments, the lowest rate was found in the apical third of root canal.Conclusions: Location of the fragment and the shape of the root canal influence the success of fractured instrument management. Ultrasonics under the visualization of an operating microscope was found to be an effective removal method. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:90-95)

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