“The Great Brotherhood of the West”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ohio Valley ◽  
The West

Chapter Four examines evolving definitions of loyalty after emancipation and black enlistment, contending that the Ohio Valley, with its persistent Copperheadism, was perhaps the last place in the United States where sectionalism, a form of geographic identity associated with the politics of slavery and civil war, destabilized regionalism. Again, soldiers and civilians adapted the language of region and race either to back or to reject social change. Although Copperheadism dissolved following Abraham Lincoln’s reelection in November 1864, its racial, regional, and economic language was repurposed during the postconflict era by enemies of Reconstruction.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 491-508
Author(s):  
Brian Holden Reid
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
The West ◽  
Military Activity ◽  
Union Victory

This concluding chapter explores William T. Sherman’s significant legacy of achievement. Several of his achievements are not controversial; two of them are indisputable. First, Sherman ranks alongside Abraham Lincoln and Ulysses S. Grant as one of the three prime architects of Union victory in the Civil War. He thus played a major role in restoring the Union and setting the United States on the path to global pre-eminence: a goal that could be glimpsed in 1891. Secondly, though Sherman’s most resounding acts occurred during the Civil War, he achieved significant things afterwards, the most notable being his connection with the “winning” of the West and his identification with it. The chapter then considers Sherman’s style of warfare, looking at the three levels of military activity: tactical, operational, and strategy.

January 1865

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Philip Gerard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
The West

In early 1865, the Civil War collapses on North Carolina: Armies of the United States converge from the east (New Bern) and the west (Maj. Gen. George Stoneman’s raiders) as Brig. Gen. Alfred Terry’s force assaults Fort Fisher and Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman begins his Final March from Georgia into the Carolinas. As the Confederate government flees Richmond for Greensboro, and Raleigh native Andrew Johnson ascends to the Presidency, North Carolina becomes the main stage of the war.

International ground force unlikely in Syria

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Intervention

Significance While intensified air attacks will help weaken and contain ISG, they will not destroy it unless accompanied by a substantial ground force to defeat ISG on the ground. However, the lack of workable military solutions to the Iraqi and Syrian conflicts, and the legacy of the Afghanistan and Iraq interventions mean that the United States and other allies are averse to carrying out a large-scale ground deployment. Impacts Without robust international intervention, Syria's civil war will drag on for years, enabling ISG to hold onto significant territory. A large-scale US ground force operation would risk enflaming anti-US sentiment and escalating the geopolitical rivalry with Iran and Russia. Proxy forces and militia groups will embed themselves in Syrian and Iraqi politics, weakening central government. Threat of attacks by ISG- and al-Qaida-linked jihadists in the West will increase. Russia and Iran's much greater military role in Syria compared to the West will give them a much greater say on the conflict's outcome.

Queen City of the West

1998 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Sefton D. Temkin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Business Relations

This chapter shows the good relations cemented immediately upon his arrival at Congregation B’nai Jeshurun. In Cincinnati he remained for the rest of his days. In 1854, Cincinnati was in truth ‘the Queen City of the West’. In view of Cincinnati’s expansive prosperity, in view of its business relations with all parts of the United States, in view of its position as a meeting-place of merchants, it would be only natural for Wise to encounter a broader outlook than would exist in most congregations; for a man who harboured ‘bold plans’, plans which extended far beyond the confines of a single town, his position was ideal. From the start he seems to have impressed himself on the congregation. They accepted his ideas for reforms within the synagogue; they stood by him in the difficulties which his larger schemes involved; in forty-six years there were few disagreements, and only one serious incident — his candidature for the Ohio Senate during the Civil War — marred their relationship, and the speed with which it was passed over confirms that basically there was a happy association which neither party wished to endanger.

The Ancient City: From Fustel de Coulanges to Max Weber and Beyond

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Finley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Near East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Africa ◽  
The West ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Ancient City

The Graeco-Roman world, with which I am concerned to the exclusion of the pre-Greek Near East, was a world of cities. Even the agrarian population, always a majority, most often lived in communities of some kind, hamlets, villages, towns, not in isolated farm homesteads. It is a reasonable and defensible guess that, for the better part of a thousand years, more and more of the inhabitants of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia lived in towns, in a proportion that was not matched in the United States, for example, until the Civil War. (Admittedly only a guess is possible, since statistics are lacking for antiquity.) The ancients themselves were firm in their view that civilized life was thinkable only in and because of cities. Hence the growth of towns as the regular and relentless accompaniment of the spread of Graeco-Roman civilization; eastward after the conquests of Alexander as far as the Hindukush, to the west from Africa to Britain with the Roman conquests, until the number of towns rose into the thousands.

Mafias on the Move

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Varese
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
The North ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
At Will

Organized crime is spreading like a global virus as mobs take advantage of open borders to establish local franchises at will. That at least is the fear, inspired by stories of Russian mobsters in New York, Chinese triads in London, and Italian mafias throughout the West. As this book explains, the truth is more complicated. The author has spent years researching mafia groups in Italy, Russia, the United States, and China, and argues that mafiosi often find themselves abroad against their will, rather than through a strategic plan to colonize new territories. Once there, they do not always succeed in establishing themselves. The book spells out the conditions that lead to their long-term success, namely sudden market expansion that is neither exploited by local rivals nor blocked by authorities. Ultimately the inability of the state to govern economic transformations gives mafias their opportunity. In a series of matched comparisons, the book charts the attempts of the Calabrese 'Ndrangheta to move to the north of Italy, and shows how the Sicilian mafia expanded to early twentieth-century New York, but failed around the same time to find a niche in Argentina. The book explains why the Russian mafia failed to penetrate Rome but succeeded in Hungary. A pioneering chapter on China examines the challenges that triads from Taiwan and Hong Kong find in branching out to the mainland. This book is both a compelling read and a sober assessment of the risks posed by globalization and immigration for the spread of mafias.

The Rise and Fall of Great Powers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Lundestad
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
The West ◽  
Economic Modernization

There are no laws in history. Realists, liberals, and others are both right and wrong. Although no one can be certain that military incidents may not happen, for the foreseeable future China and the United States are unlikely to favor major war. They have cooperated well for almost four decades now. China is likely to continue to focus on its economic modernization. It has far to go to measure up to the West. The American-Chinese economies are still complementary. A conflict with the United States or even with China’s neighbors would have damaging repercussions for China’s economic goals. The United States is so strong that it would make little sense for China to take it on militarily. There are also other deterrents against war, from nuclear weapons to emerging norms about international relations. It is anybody’s guess what will happen after the next few decades. History indicates anything is possible.

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