Culture as a Conceptual Vector of Economic Modernization

The article shows that at present the processes of total marketization have spread to the sphere of artistic culture, in which more and more the value of a creator and the results of his activity is evaluated in terms of market and capital. It becomes one of the factors of the economy stagnation that lasts for decades, in particular, in Russia. Meanwhile, the existing experience of modernization in the USSR shows that there is a powerful feedback when culture and, in particular, art, become an important factor and conceptual vector of socio-economic and technological modernization. The means for this can be and have been historically long-term strategic development programs linking together technological, scientific, economic, educational and cultural transformations, mass labor enthusiasm, the inclusion of workers in social creativity and other relations and institutions that transform a person from a passive object (an employee, consumer) into an active creator. The history of the USSR gives contradictory examples of such relations formation (the GOELRO plan, etc.).

PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL PROJECTS IN THE REGION

The article examines the main problems of the implementation of national projects in the Republic of Dagestan. Meanwhile, it is emphasized that the implementation of the project approach for the Russian economy is of strategic importance, since its application contributes to the growth of the efficiency of resource use, the implementation of the goals of economic modernization. Priority national projects represent a public administration innovation introduced by the initiative of the President of the Russian Federation.

The Aesthetic Doctrine of Law (Aesthetics of Law) in the Context of the Development of Nbics Technologies

The development of NBICS technologies is one of the factors of transformation of the mechanism of social regulation, including law, which acts as a means and as an object of socio-economic modernization. The scientific search creates new contexts in the study of law, serves as a prerequisite for rethinking its es­sence and role in the life of modern society, determines the formulation of a number of questions, inclu­ding the consequences of technological progress for the legal existence of a person. In line with this kind of research, new areas of research have been identified – “legal cognitology”, “functional identify­ca­tion of law”. One of the promising ideas is an appeal to aesthetics, more precisely, to the regularities of the deve­lopment of law, which can be learned through the methodology of this field of knowledge. The sub­ject of the article is the methodology of knowledge of the law. The purpose is to establish the possibility of ex­pan­ding the methodology of knowledge of law through the methods of aesthetics and NBICS techno­lo­gies. The result is a reasonable hypothesis that the development and implementation of NBICS technolo­gies allow us to apply aesthetic methods to the establishment of the regularities of the genesis of law.

Modernization of Ukraine's economy: strategic aspects

The paper considers the issue of modernization of Ukrainian economy through the prism of strategic aspects of its implementation. The introduction states that the constant renewal of the economy, which is designed to ensure the lag of Ukrainian development from the developed countries, is based on the successful modernization of the economy in the direction of democratic and dynamic development of the country. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the need to modernize the economy of Ukraine and characterize the strategic directions of its implementation. It is explained what efforts the state needs to make for the successful modernization of the economic system of Ukraine, given the globalization changes in modern society. It is substantiated that effective structural modernization of the economy requires adequate financial support, which is designed to ensure qualitative change in society. It is argued that public policy in the field of economic modernization should be part of the overall mechanism of modernization, which involves solving three interrelated problems. The conditions to be met by successful reforms in the field of economic modernization have been determined. It is proved that the strategic directions of modernization of Ukraine's economy should take into account the need to implement reforms in accordance with the need to introduce the most effective formats, mechanisms and principles of economic process management in the country. Strategic directions of modernization of Ukrainian economy at the present stage are formulated. In conclusion, it is substantiated that the modernization of the Ukrainian economy is an objectively necessary and inevitable process designed to ensure the growth of welfare and the development of positive transformational changes in the country. Modernization changes must be carried out in accordance with certain efforts of the state aimed at obtaining the best result of the functioning of the economic system. It is concluded that reforms in the economy of Ukraine should be carried out in accordance with a clear strategy of its development and strategic directions, which will implement the chosen state course to modernize the national economy and build an economic system in accordance with the level of developed countries.

China’s “Economic Miracle” and the Universal Modernization Model

Neoclassical economics relies on highly formalized deductive logic to create an overly simplified picture of economic practices. Its universalized model of modernization assumes that the relationship between state and market is antagonistic. This presumption reduces China’s “economic miracle” to a simple transformation into a market economy and underestimates the role played by the government, making it impossible to construct a theory that considers China’s subjectivity. Studies on China’s economy should focus on its practices, which may appear to be paradoxical if seen only from the perspective of Western neoclassical economics, in order to construct an accurate depiction of the foundations of China’s development experience. Only through such an endeavor will it be possible to incorporate into any new theory of economic modernization the distinctive features of China’s development.

Improvement of Methodological Aspects of Managing the Innovative Development of an Enterprise in the Context of Economic Modernization

The article discusses the methodological aspects of management, management and innovation. It also studied the goal of innovative development and the mechanism for the development of innovative management in enterprises.

Historical memory and features of economic institutions in a multilanguage environment and multicultural society

The paper aims to substantiate the role of historical memory in formation of a certain economic culture that determines the specific nature of economic institutions in a multilanguage and multicultural society. Methodological background of research is based on neoinstitutional and civilizational approaches. Because of the chosen methodology, we study the economic institutions as the structures which include norms, traditions and thinking patterns (specific to a particular culture). It is justified that cultural factors related to confessional views, ethnic customs, political and economic traditions determine development, dynamics and structure of economic institutions of Russian society. It is also found that the failures of Russian economic modernization are largely due to underestimation of its civilizational specifics, multiculturalism and economic diversity.

«Merger and acquisition»: monopolization of electro technical market in Russia at the beginning of the XX century

Introduction. The problem of monopolization of the electric and technical market in Russia becomes the most important one during the economic modernization at the edge of XIX–XX centuries when the branches of foreign electric and technical companies are converted into Russian joint stock companies. “Electric illumination company of 1886” becomes the largest company on this market at the beginning of the XX century. Materials and Methods. The article is devoted to the research of the policy of “Electric illumination company of 1886” aimed at the acquisition of the “Shuvalov electric illumination company in Petersburg region” of the largest electro technical company – Joint stock company “Shuvalov electro technical illumination in Petersburg region” established for the purpose of illumination of country-house plots and houses in the suburb of St. Petersburg (Shuvalovo, Ozerki and Pargolovo) at the beginning of the XX century, which is based on the analysis of the archive materials contained in the Russian State Historical Archive (RSHA) and Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg (CSHA SPb.). Results of the Research. Using the example of the activity of such electro technical companies the author reveals the mechanism of “merger and acquisition” of minor joint stock companies by large monopolists who used different methods of pressure on the shareholders and management of the companies. Discussion and Conclusion. In this competitor environment, minor joint stock companies did not have a chance to remain independent even in the case of a fair court decision. The situation of “merger and acquisition” was actually profitable mostly for the companies’ management and for the leading shareholders who, in this case, received regular dividends, but the common customers had to pay according to the prices set forth by monopolies.

The factors influencing technological entrepreneurship in nanotechnology businesses

PurposeTechnological entrepreneurship has been a very significant topic in recent decades. It has a crucial role in economic modernization and growth. The need for technological entrepreneurship is because technology-based industries are expanding rapidly and are replacing traditional industries. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the factors affecting the success of technological entrepreneurship in Iranian nanotechnology businesses.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted through mixed method. The participants in the qualitative section included 17 university experts and executive managers in the field of nanotechnology in Iran, and 75 nanotechnology business managers participated in the quantitative section. The interview and questionnaire were used to collect information. In order to measure and fit the models, the confirmatory factor analysis method and PLS3 software were used.FindingsThe results indicated that the key factors affecting the success of the technological entrepreneurship process in nanotechnology were classified into five general categories: organizational, environmental, institutional, individual and technology factors. Moreover, it was shown that all these dimensions had a positive and significant effect on technological entrepreneurship. In addition, the organizational dimension has an essential role.Originality/valueCompanies' ability to engage technological entrepreneurship is a vital factor in human resource management and strategic management. However, technological entrepreneurship in Iranian nanotechnology businesses has not been involved integrally in the context of companies.