scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Fungi Contaminating Potato Chips Intended for Children’s Consumption and Assessing their Toxins

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Hadeel A. AL-Ameri ◽  
Nadeem A. Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Potato Chips ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Tomato Ketchup ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The study aims to investigate the presence of fungi and their toxins in different samples of potato chips imported from different origins. Fifteen chips’ samples were collected from the local markets of Mosul city/Iraq which included various global origins with several flavors of pepper, paprika, hot spices, and cheese. It appears that all potato chips’ samples were contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins. It was evident that Penicillium spp. were the most predominant fungi followed by Aspergillus spp. and Rhodotorella spp. came third, while Geotrichumspp and yeasts came in fourth. Potato chips from the brand Pringles was contaminated with Penicillium spp., and Geotrichum spp. at a percentage of 50, 30% respectively. The Hum Hum brand samples were contaminated with A.terrus and Penicillium spp. at 40, 30% respectively. Dream brand samples were contaminated with A.jamanicum., and Penicillium., at percentages of 30, 60% respectively. Lays1 with tomato ketchup samples were contaminated with four genera: Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., Rhodotorellaspp., and yeast with percentages of 40, 20, 10, and 10% respectively. Lays2 with French cheese variety was contaminated with the same fungi of laystype but with the addition of Aspergilli (A. versicolor and A. niger), which were 60 and 30% respectively. The Patos brand potato chips were contaminated with two Aspergilli (A.astus and A.jamanicum), at 30 and 40% respectively. Zearalenone was found to be the highest contaminant (13.81ppm) of mycotoxins followed by aflatoxins (0.26ppm). Ochratoxin was the least contaminant (0.16ppm) in the analyzed potato chips. It can be concluded that all tested potato chips’ samples showed the presence of fungi and mycotoxins. However, all mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and zearalenone) in the food commodities were within the permissible limits intended for human consumption.

scholarly journals Isolation And Identification of Fungi Associated with Different Species of Stored Graines

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-258
Author(s):  
Khadeeja A. Saido ◽  
Halben I. Mohammed ◽  
Raed A. Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

This study was conducted on different species of stored grains obtained from Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, of Iraq to investigate the occurrence of seed borne fungi. Nine types of grains were collected and two methods were selected (agar plate method and blotter method) for fungal isolation. A total of 19 species assigned to 13 genera were identified. The high frequent genera were Aspergillus (4 species), Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium (2 species), while other genera include Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Stemphylium, Ulocladium, Humicola, Bipolaris, Curvularia Phoma and Rhizoctonia were represented only in a single species. The results showed a variation in the fungal species and contamination percentage according to the detection and incubation methods. The lowest occurrence percentage was detected in lentils seeds with only one genus represented by Penicillium spp., while the highest occurrence percentage was detected with Chickpea seeds represent by six genera. The most common fungal genera displayed by agar plate method in wheat and chickpea were Rhizoctonia sp. (34.1%) and Penicillium sp. (42.5%) respectively. The highest fungal detection by blotter method was recorded with barley seeds while the lowest was chickpea seeds. The most common fungal genera recorded by blotter method under room temperature after 7 days and 14 days was Penicillium spp, with a percent 100% from chickpea seeds followed by Aspergillus spp with percent of (66.7%, 47.6%) from barley and raisin seeds respectively. While the highest frequent fungus in seeds incubated at 25°C after 7 and 14 days was Aspergillus parasiticus (88.9%) from mash seeds and Rhizopus sp. (80.1%) from lima bean respectively. Blotter method considered an efficient and economically reliable method.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

The use of antibiotic resistance profiling as a means of tracing sources of fecal contamination in source waters

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
M. S. Mthembu ◽  
P. T. Biyela ◽  
T. G. Djarova ◽  
A. K. Basson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Source Waters

Fecal contamination of source waters and its associated intestinal pathogens continues to pose risks to public health although the extent and effect of microbial contamination of source waters gets very little attention in designing treatment plants in most developing countries. Coliform counts give an indication of the overall bacterial contamination of water and thus its safety for human consumption. However, their presence fails to provide information about the source of fecal contamination which is vital to managing fecal contamination problems in surface waters. This study explored the use of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexing as means of differentiating E. coli isolates from different sources. A total of 322 E. coli isolates were obtained from municipal wastewater and from fecal samples from domestic and wild animals. Conventional culture methods and standard chemical and biochemical tests were used for isolation and identification of E. coli. Isolates were assayed against 10 antibiotics using the micro-dilution technique. The results obtained generated antibiotic resistance profiles which were used to statistically group the isolates into different subsets. Correct source classification was obtained for 60% of human-derived and 95% non-human-derived E. coli respectively. These results indicate the validity of the usefulness of MAR indexing as a method of bacterial source tracking.

scholarly journals Selection, isolation, and identification of fungi for bioherbicide production

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Rossana Castro de Souza ◽  
Daiana Bortoluzzi Baldoni ◽  
Jessica Lima ◽  
Vitória Porto ◽  
Camila Marcuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Identification Of Fungi

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella from Chicken Nuggets, Strips, and Pelleted Broiler Feed

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2251-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. BUCHER ◽  
R. A. HOLLEY ◽  
R. AHMED ◽  
H. TABOR ◽  
C. NADON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chicken Nuggets ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Chicken Nugget ◽  
Pelleted Feed ◽  
Broiler Feed

Raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips have been identified as a significant risk factor in contracting foodborne salmonellosis. Cases of salmonellosis as a result of consuming partly cooked chicken nuggets may be due in part to Salmonella strains originating in broiler feed. This study was undertaken to determine the occurrence and characterize the strains of Salmonella contaminating chicken nuggets, strips, and pelleted feeds, in an attempt to demonstrate whether the same Salmonella strains present in broiler feed could be isolated from raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips available for human consumption. Salmonellae were recovered using the Health Canada MFHPB-20 method for the isolation and identification of Salmonella from foods. Strains were characterized by serotyping, phage typing, antimicrobial resistance typing (R-typing), and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Salmonellae were isolated from 25-g samples in 27% (n = 92) of nugget and strip samples, 95% (n = 20) of chicken nugget meat samples, and from 9% (n = 111) of pelleted feed samples. Salmonella Heidelberg, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Salmonella Orion were the most commonly isolated serovars from chicken nuggets and strips, nugget and strip meat, and pelleted broiler feeds, respectively. Salmonella Enteritidis phage type (PT) 13a with PFGE pattern SENXAI.0006 and R-type sensitive as well as Salmonella Enteritidis PT13a with PFGE pattern SENXAI.0068 and R-type sensitive were isolated from pelleted feed, and chicken nugget and strip meat in two separate instances. Data showed that Salmonella strains isolated from broiler feed were indistinguishable from strains isolated from packaged raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips. However, results did not rule out the possibility that breeding stock or contamination during processing may have contributed to chicken meat contamination by Salmonella.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of fungi associated with some Libyan foods

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alkenz S ◽  
A Sassi A ◽  
S Abugnah Y ◽  
B Alryani M
Keyword(s):  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Identification Of Fungi
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