scholarly journals Isolation And Identification of Fungi Associated with Different Species of Stored Graines

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-258
Author(s):  
Khadeeja A. Saido ◽  
Halben I. Mohammed ◽  
Raed A. Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

This study was conducted on different species of stored grains obtained from Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, of Iraq to investigate the occurrence of seed borne fungi. Nine types of grains were collected and two methods were selected (agar plate method and blotter method) for fungal isolation. A total of 19 species assigned to 13 genera were identified. The high frequent genera were Aspergillus (4 species), Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium (2 species), while other genera include Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Stemphylium, Ulocladium, Humicola, Bipolaris, Curvularia Phoma and Rhizoctonia were represented only in a single species. The results showed a variation in the fungal species and contamination percentage according to the detection and incubation methods. The lowest occurrence percentage was detected in lentils seeds with only one genus represented by Penicillium spp., while the highest occurrence percentage was detected with Chickpea seeds represent by six genera. The most common fungal genera displayed by agar plate method in wheat and chickpea were Rhizoctonia sp. (34.1%) and Penicillium sp. (42.5%) respectively. The highest fungal detection by blotter method was recorded with barley seeds while the lowest was chickpea seeds. The most common fungal genera recorded by blotter method under room temperature after 7 days and 14 days was Penicillium spp, with a percent 100% from chickpea seeds followed by Aspergillus spp with percent of (66.7%, 47.6%) from barley and raisin seeds respectively. While the highest frequent fungus in seeds incubated at 25°C after 7 and 14 days was Aspergillus parasiticus (88.9%) from mash seeds and Rhizopus sp. (80.1%) from lima bean respectively. Blotter method considered an efficient and economically reliable method.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of common fungal spp. from commercial broiler feeds available in market of Sylhet District, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Islam ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
ATMM Elahi ◽  
M Purkayastha ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Species ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Broiler Feed

The present study was designed to investigate the mycological contamination of commercial broiler feeds used in poultry establishments in sylhet, Bangladesh. The feed samples of commercial broiler feed (Starter, Grower and Finisher) were collected from the different areas of Sylhet district. A total of 189 commercial broiler feed samples where 63 Starter, 63 Grower and 63 Finisher were collected from the different areas of local market in Sylhet. The selected areas were Kadamtali, Shibjong, Khadim, Kamal Bazar, Dakshin Surma, Fenchugonj. From the feed samples analyzed for the presence of fungal agents, 144 (76.2%) were found positive for one or more fungal species. Fungal isolates were found among 36 (57%) of the 63 Starter feed samples, 45 (71.4%) of the 63 Grower feed samples and 63 (100%) of the 63 Finisher feed samples. The fungal agents isolated from Broiler Starter Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 51 (70.8%) has the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by Fuserium spp. 12 (16.7%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 9(12.5%). Similarly, in case of Broiler Grower Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 66 (68.8%) has the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by Fuserium spp. 18 (18.7%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 12(12.5%). In case of Broiler Finisher Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 90 (69.8%) has the highest rate of occurrence followed by Fuserium spp. 24 (18.6%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 15 (11.6%) respectively.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2014), 4(2) 38-41

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics, Identification of Fungi and Optimization of Different Parameters for Degradation of Dye from Tannery Effluent

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1203-1208
Author(s):  
Ashley B. Ben ◽  
E. Amutha ◽  
E Pushpalaksmi ◽  
Samraj J. Jenson ◽  
G. Annadurai
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Identification Of Fungi

This study was carried out to find out the qualities of tannery effluents with the assessment of physicochemical parameters of effluent, isolation, and identification of fungi and their optimization of different parameters on dye decolorization. In the present study, various physicochemical parameters such as Color, Odor, pH, EC, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chromium, Copper, Chloride, and Sodium of untreated tannery effluent wasstudied. The results of the parameters showed that the effluent was blackish with a disagreeable odor, alkaline in pH with a high organic and inorganic loads such as EC, TDS, BOD, COD, TSS, Chromium, Copper, Chloride and Sodium. The physicochemical parameters were determined as per the standards prescribed by CPCB. Four fungal species were isolated and identified by LPCB staining namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium citrinum, and Curvularia lunata. To test the activity of these fungi on different dyes, experiments were carried out for the optimization of different parameters. The maximum decolorization of dye was achieved by Aspergillus niger. From this study, it was found that the maximum biotransformation of dye effluent can help to solve the pollution problem. Keywords: physicochemical parameters, fungal isolation, and identification, Aspergillus niger, 

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Leaf Surface Fungi Isolated from Piper betle L. and its Antimicrobial Potential Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Postgraduate Studies

Studies on the biodiversity of phylloplane and endophytic fungi on the leaf surfaces of the medicinal plant; Piper betle L. was made in our Microbiology laboratory, K.M. Govt. Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research (Autonomous), Puducherry. The Agar plate method was used to isolate both the leaf surface and sub-surface fungi. During the study period, altogether twelve fungal species of seven genera of phylloplane and five species of endophytes were isolated from Piper betle L. by agar plate method. Penicillium sp., a dominant fungus, was chosen for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from Ag+ ions by treating with different extracts of the fungus with AgNO3.The appearance of yellowish-brown color in the conical flasks suggested the formation of AgNPs in dark and light conditions. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which has proved to be very useful for the analysis of nanoparticles. Candida albicans was found most susceptible towards the AgNPs of the fungus in comparison to other bacterial strains. Among the bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus was more suffered than V. parahaemolyticus and E. coli. It was found in the present study that our process for the synthesis of nanoparticles was easy, safe, and economical to be readily used in the field of biomedicine.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Fungi Contaminating Potato Chips Intended for Children’s Consumption and Assessing their Toxins

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Hadeel A. AL-Ameri ◽  
Nadeem A. Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Potato Chips ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Tomato Ketchup ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The study aims to investigate the presence of fungi and their toxins in different samples of potato chips imported from different origins. Fifteen chips’ samples were collected from the local markets of Mosul city/Iraq which included various global origins with several flavors of pepper, paprika, hot spices, and cheese. It appears that all potato chips’ samples were contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins. It was evident that Penicillium spp. were the most predominant fungi followed by Aspergillus spp. and Rhodotorella spp. came third, while Geotrichumspp and yeasts came in fourth. Potato chips from the brand Pringles was contaminated with Penicillium spp., and Geotrichum spp. at a percentage of 50, 30% respectively. The Hum Hum brand samples were contaminated with A.terrus and Penicillium spp. at 40, 30% respectively. Dream brand samples were contaminated with A.jamanicum., and Penicillium., at percentages of 30, 60% respectively. Lays1 with tomato ketchup samples were contaminated with four genera: Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., Rhodotorellaspp., and yeast with percentages of 40, 20, 10, and 10% respectively. Lays2 with French cheese variety was contaminated with the same fungi of laystype but with the addition of Aspergilli (A. versicolor and A. niger), which were 60 and 30% respectively. The Patos brand potato chips were contaminated with two Aspergilli (A.astus and A.jamanicum), at 30 and 40% respectively. Zearalenone was found to be the highest contaminant (13.81ppm) of mycotoxins followed by aflatoxins (0.26ppm). Ochratoxin was the least contaminant (0.16ppm) in the analyzed potato chips. It can be concluded that all tested potato chips’ samples showed the presence of fungi and mycotoxins. However, all mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and zearalenone) in the food commodities were within the permissible limits intended for human consumption.

scholarly journals SURVEY AND DETECTION OF SEED BORNE MYCOFLORA IN LENTIL (Lens culinaris medic.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Verma Rashmi ◽  
Singh Anita
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Deep Freezing

Total One hundred fifty seed samples of Lentil from 18 districts namely Ajmer, Bundi, Barmer, Bharatpur, Bikaner, Churu, Dausa, Dholpur, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Jalore, Jhunjhnu, Karauli, Kota, Nagaur, Pali, Sirohi, Tonk of Rajasthan were analyzed for the detection of seed-borne mycoflora using standard blotter, agar-plate and deep-freezing methods as suggested by ISTA. A Total of 26 fungal species belonging to 16 genera (SBM) were recorded. Of the three methods used, agar plate method was found to be better for the isolation of fungi from lentil seeds. Surface disinfection by 1% Ca(OCl)2 reduced the incidence of Aspergillus spp

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of Aeromycoflora in vegetable market of karwan bazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Najmun Naher ◽  
Md Tajul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
AKM Wahiduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Colony Density ◽  
Aspergillus Ustus ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Fungal Colony

Aeromycoflora in relation to occurrence and prevalence, their seasonal variation and distribution of fungal spores in air was studied from October, 2010 to September, 2011. During the study a total of 31 fungal species belonging to 18 genera of fungi were isolated and identified. Total fungal colony count was 2308. The highest occurrence and prevalence of fungi was contributed by Aspergillus niger 1075 colonies, Penicillium spp. 582 colonies, Aspergillus fumigatus 167, A. flavus 112 colonies, Rhizopus sp. 121 colonies, Candida spp. 39 colonies, Chladosporium spp. 36 colonies, Syncephalestrum sp. 25 colonies, and Fusarium spp. 14 colonies. Lowest colony countwas recorded one, in Aspergillus ustus, Drechslera sp., Nigrospora sp. and Ulocladium sp. Maximum fungal pollutants were found 339 in July, 2010 at temperature 27.12°C and moisture 84.2% during the wet and rainy days and declined in January, 2011 when temperature and moisture label decreased to 20.26°C and 59.5%, respectively. Highest colony density was recorded in July, 2011, it was moderate in February and March, 2011. Lowest colony density was recorded in January and May, 2011 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i1.20211 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 1, 49-59, 2014

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Diaporthe Species Associated With Hazelnut Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Arciuolo ◽  
Carla Santos ◽  
Célia Soares ◽  
Giuseppe Castello ◽  
Nicola Spigolon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Single Clade

Fungi of the genus Diaporthe have been reported as the main causative agent of hazelnut defects in the Caucasus area. This study aimed to define which fungal species are present in defective hazelnuts grown in Turkey and confirm the role of Diaporthe spp. Seven hazelnut orchards were selected, with each one located in a different Turkish Province (Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Sakarya, Trabzon, and Zonguldak), and hazelnuts were collected at early and full ripening. Fungal isolation and identification were performed at the genus level based on morphological characteristics. Several genera were isolated, with Diaporthe spp. being among the prevalent. This was the only genus with increasing incidence from early to full ripening, and incidence at full ripening was positively correlated both with internal (ρ = 0.86) and visible defects (ρ = 0.81), which confirmed its role as the key causative agent of hazelnut defects. The correlation of defect occurrence with rainfall, reported in previous study, was not confirmed, possibly due to the low defect incidence. A total of 86 Diaporthe monosporic strains isolated from Turkish hazelnut samples, together with 33 strains collected in the Caucasus region and 6 from Italy, were analyzed with a multi-locus phylogeny based on three genomic loci (ITS, EF1-α, and tub). The results showed that Diaporthe strains can be grouped into 7 distinct clades, with a majority of Turkish strains (95%) being placed into a single clade related with D. eres. These samples were organized into several sub-clades, which indicates the existence of genetically diverse sub-populations.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Fungal Pathogens Associated with Diseases of Onion Crop in District Swat, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazir Uddin ◽  
Nasrullah ◽  
Muddasir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Blue Mold ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
Black Mold ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Onion is an important vegetable and a source of income for formers in District Swat, Pakistan. However, the crop is attacked by several pathogens i.e. fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. Therefore, a study was carried out for the estimation of fungal diseases of onion crop in district Swat. Within this study, about 50 samples of diseased onion crop were collected from 17 different regions of District Swat. The most prevalent fungal borne onion diseases were black mold (38%), onion rust (32%), Blue Mold Rot (10%) and seedling. Fungal species were consistently isolated from all infected samples. In which Aspergillus was isolated from 82% samples, Puccinia Alli was from 70%, Alternaria porri from 52%, Fusarium spp from 42% Penicillium spp from 40%, Peronospora destructor from 35%, Pyhtaium from 23% and Rhizoctonia solani from 18% of samples. These fungal species consistently isolated and cultured from diseased onion plants of different fields in Swat. Keywords: Onion crop, Fungal diseases, Aspergillus.

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