“A Form of Reverie, a Malady of Dreaming”: Dorian Gray, Personality, and Mass Culture
How does one fashion an authentic self out of mass-produced ideas, styles, and materials? Chapter five assesses a tremendously influential, extended answer to this question, Oscar Wilde’s novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). Building on recent work linking the novel to new nineteenth-century media such as photography and cinema, the chapter interprets Dorian Gray as caught in the mass media consumer’s dilemma. Two key terms govern this dilemma, reverie and personality. Wilde represented Dorian’s reverie as an embodied, material activity of self-fashioning through mass print culture. Dorian then re-circulates the cultural information he has consumed in the form of his personality, a signature term in Wilde’s writings, a revitalized concept in mass culture and psychology at the century’s end, and a word tied to the novel’s textual history of gay censorship. Prevented from representing gay desire as clearly in the book edition as he had in the Lippincott’s version, Wilde published a novel full of queerly coded signs that nevertheless assembled a new community within its mass readership.