PRINT CULTURE AND ITS PUBLICS: A SOCIAL HISTORY OF BOOKSTORES IN TEHRAN, 1900–1950

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Marashi
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Book Trade ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article investigates the evolution of print culture and commerce in Tehran during the first half of the 20th century. The first section examines technological changes that facilitated the commercialization of texts and then details the history of early print entrepreneurs in the Tehran bazaar. The second section examines the expansion of the book trade between the 1920s and 1940s, tracing the emergence of modern bookstores in a rapidly changing Tehran. I argue that patterns of change in print commerce between 1900 and 1950 contributed to the emergence of mass culture by midcentury. This new mass culture involved the social and political empowerment of a diversity of new reading publics in the city, and enabled the emergence of new forms of popular politics.

Urban Change in Early Medieval Italy: The Example of Pavia

1966 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 82-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Warm Hospitality ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Prefatory Note.—My interest in Pavia goes back at least to 1951 when I was elected Rome Scholar in Medieval Studies. I began seriously to collect material for the history of the city in the early Middle Ages in the winter and spring of 1953 when I enjoyed the warm hospitality of the Collegio Ghislieri, thanks to the efforts made on my behalf by the late Hugh Last, to whose memory this article is dedicated. The published proceedings of the Reichenau and Spoleto congresses on ‘The early medieval town’ in the 1950s clearly underlined the need for detailed studies of particular towns; but the lack of adequate archaeological evidence discouraged me from attempting such a study of early medieval Pavia. In 1964, however, Dr. A. Peroni, Director of the Museo Civico invited me to read a supplementary paper on this topic to the Convegno di Studio sul Centro Storico di Pavia held in the Università degli Studi at Pavia on July 4th and 5th of that year. The present article is an amplified and corrected version of that paper: I have made no substantial alterations to my account of the ‘urbanistica’ of early medieval Pavia—written for an audience of architects and art-historians as well as of historians—but have dealt more fully with the social history of the city in this period. Professor Richard Krautheimer read a draft of the revised version and made some pointed and helpful comments. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Peroni, not merely for the invitation to present the original paper but also for supplying illustrations and answering queries at a time when he and his staff were engaged in helping to repair the ravages of the Florence floods.

Judeans in Sippar and Susa during the First Century of the Babylonian Exile: Assimilation and Perseverance under Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Rule

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigal Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Century ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Achaemenid Empire ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

AbstractThe present study discusses the attestations of persons of Judean origin in Neo-Babylonian cuneiform tablets (of the period between 550 and 490 bce) as possible evidence of some aspects of the social history of the community of Judeans exiled to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar II. Although the number of such attestations is very small, it is nonetheless possible to single out two groups which display different patterns of personal name giving across generations. In one instance, a group of merchants in the city of Sippar (belonging mostly to a single family) uses, in part, distinctly Judean personal names in the first generation of the exile, but abandons them completely in favor of Babylonian theophoric names in the next generation. In another instance, a group of individuals active mostly in Susa and probably belonging to the families of royal officials (as suggested by names and patronymics of the type of Beamtennamen – names expressing a pious wish for the well-being of the king) displays the use of Yahwistic personal names even though the fathers of those individuals bore Babylonian theophoric names. It is suggested that the persistence of Yahwistic – hence distinctly Judean – names among royal officials or their direct offspring, even after the previous generation bore Babylonian names, reflects a considerable measure of tolerance toward ethnically foreign elements in the royal administration (the relevant examples date from the period after the establishment of the Achaemenid empire). In contrast, the progressing adoption of Babylonian names among the Judean merchants in Sippar in the first half of the sixth century bce seems likely to reflect assimilation into the native Babylonian society, fostered by the necessity to pursue commercial dealings with the Ebabbar temple of Šamaš and the social circles centered around the temple, which consisted of conservatively minded upper strata of the native Babylonian society. Editions of the cuneiform tablets discussed in the present study are provided in the Appendix.

scholarly journals Drawing the city: a proposal for an ethnographic study in Rio de Janeiro

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Kuschnir
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
International Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Drawing the city is a proposal for an ethnographic research project in Rio de Janeiro. I begin by mapping the production of an international group calling themselves ‘urban sketchers,' whose collective project extols drawing as a form of looking, knowing and registering the experience of living in cities. Next I show the connections between art and anthropology, as well as their relation to cities and to Rio de Janeiro in particular. The sources and bibliography on the themes of the social history of art, drawing, visual anthropology and urban anthropology are also discussed. Setting out from the latter area, I present the possibilities for undertaking an ethnography that contributes to our comprehension of the graphic and symbolic narratives of urban life.

Introduction

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Ling ◽  
Paul Arthur ◽  
Georgia Clarke ◽  
Estelle Lazer ◽  
Lesley A. Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
Black And White ◽  
British School ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester ◽  
The City

The present volume is the first of three which will together provide an in-depth analysis of one city block at Pompeii: the so-called Insula del Menandro (Insula of the Menander) (Pompeii I 10). It will concentrate on the architecture and structural history of the insula, while the second and third volumes will deal respectively with interior decoration and with loose finds. Each will be used, in its different way, to shed light on the social history of the insula and of Pompeii in general. Behind this publication lies a long-term programme of recording and documentation going back to the 1970s, the primary objective of which has been the production of an archive, consisting primarily of drawings at 1:5 of the surviving wall-paintings, and plans, sections, and elevations at 1:50 of the visible architecture. These are supplemented by photographs in black and white and in colour, and by drawings of selected pavements and certain architectural details at 1:10. In addition there are pro forma sheets providing a detailed record, room by room, of all architectural and decorative features. Copies of this archive will ultimately be deposited in the Archaeological Superintendency at Pompeii, in the British School at Rome, and in the University of Manchester. This project, carried out by a team from Britain, fits in with the general policy of the Pompeian authorities since the late 1970s to improve the documentation of the site. There have been a number of programmes of recording during this period, most importantly a series of photographic campaigns mounted by the Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione to record the surviving paintings and pavements and, more recently, a massive computerization project called Neapolis which has Involved specialists in various disciplines (archaeology, cartography, architecture, art history, and anthropology) and has aimed to produce an electronic archive permitting access to almost any piece of information, visual or written, about the city. The Importance of recording, in whatever form, is all too apparent. Despite the best efforts of the local authorities, the fabric of the city is steadily deteriorating: weathering, plant infestation, vandalism, and theft all take their toll.

DARK AGE ROME: TOWARDS AN INTERACTIVE TOPOGRAPHY

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Cooper ◽  
Julia Hillner ◽  
Conrad Leyser
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Scholarship ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
And Diffusion

This paper represents a report on work in progress at the University of Manchester’s Centre for Late Antiquity. The goal of our research is to open a new chapter in research on late ancient and Early Medieval Rome, through the systematic collation and diffusion of relatively neglected sources, in particular the Roman gesta martyrum. They are not usually considered as a source for the social history of the city, because of their transparently tendentious character. Yet the gesta are our best witness to the ebullient of the Roman laity, on whose patronage the ecclesiastical hierarchy continued to depend. We hope to make the gesta more widely accessible, and to facilitate their cross-referencing with other kinds of source; our method is to combine the tools of traditional scholarship with contemporary digital technologies, the operation of which we briefly describe here.

DAVID MORRAY, An Ayyubid Notable and His World: Ibn al-⊂Ad―im and Aleppo as Portrayed in His Biographical Dictionary of People Associated with the City (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994). Pp. 235.

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
James E. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Local History ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Shed Light

An Ayyubid Notable and His World delivers on its title. David Morray's careful study of Ibn al-⊂Adim's (d. 1262) Bughyat al-talab fi ta⊃rikh Halab (Everything Desirable about the History of Aleppo) exemplifies how this important local history can be used to shed light on the social history of medieval northern Syria, especially under the Ayyubids.1

The Dangers of Poetry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Acts ◽  
History Of

Poetry has long dominated the cultural landscape of modern Iraq, simultaneously representing the literary pinnacle of high culture and giving voice to the popular discourses of mass culture. As the favored genre of culture expression for religious clerics, nationalist politicians, leftist dissidents, and avant-garde intellectuals, poetry critically shaped the social, political, and cultural debates that consumed the Iraqi public sphere in the twentieth century. The popularity of poetry in modern Iraq, however, made it a dangerous practice that carried serious political consequences and grave risks to dissident poets. The Dangers of Poetry is the first book to narrate the social history of poetry in the modern Middle East. Moving beyond the analysis of poems as literary and intellectual texts, Kevin Jones shows how poems functioned as social acts that critically shaped the cultural politics of revolutionary Iraq. He narrates the history of three generations of Iraqi poets who navigated the fraught relationship between culture and politics in pursuit of their own ambitions and agendas. Through this historical analysis of thousands of poems published in newspapers, recited in popular demonstrations, and disseminated in secret whispers, this book reveals the overlooked contribution of these poets to the spirit of rebellion in modern Iraq.

The Establishment of the Medina in Dakar, Senegal, 1914

Africa ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Betts
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
The West ◽  
Administrative Policy ◽  
Urban Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The City ◽  
European Populations

Opening ParagraphWhile the social history of Dakar, Senegal, exhibits many of the characteristics common to most Eurafrican cities on the West coast, the rather abrupt manner in which the policy of residential segregation replaced the earlier pattern of co-existence, if not integration, of the African and European populations merits particular attention. The establishment of the Medina—the ‘native quarter’, to employ the colonial idiom of the day—was the most decisive and significant action taken by the French authorities in the history of the city. Yet this decision resulted from no carefully considered change in administrative policy, which had been somewhat laissez-faire in residential matters, but rather was hastily urged after the outbreak of a severe epidemic of bubonic plague in 1914. What began medically was to become, however, a major social and urban problem.

Review of The Countryside of Medieval England, by Grenville Astill and Annie Grant; The Common Fields of England, by Eric Kerridge; Historic Landscapes of Britain from the Air, by Robin Glasscock; The European City, by Leonardo Benevolo; Mission and Method: The Early-Nineteenth-Century French Public Health Movement, by Ann F. La Berge; Terra Cognita: The Mental Discovery of America, by Eviatar Zerubavel; Landscape and Material Life in Franklin County, Massachusetts, 1770-1860, by J. Ritchie Garrison; The Persistence of Ethnicity: Dutch Calvinist Pioneers in Amsterdam, Montana, by Rob Kroes; The Pennsylvania Barn: Its Origin, Evolution, and Distribution in North America, by Robert F. Ensminger; The Edges of the Earth in Ancient Thought, by James S. Romm; Salt and Civilization, by S. A. M. Adshead; Meleagrides: An Historical and Ethnogeographical Study of the Guinea Fowl, by Robin A. Donkin; War and the City, by G. J. Ashworth; Medicine and Charity before the Welfare State, by Jonathan Barry and Colin Jones; The Company Town: Architecture and Society in the Early Industrial Age, by John S. Garner; The Savage Within: The Social History of British Anthropology, 1885-1945, by Henrika Kuklick; Policing and Decolonisation: Politics, Nationalism and the Police, 1917-65, by David M. Anderson and David Killingray; Empire Boys: Adventures in a Man's World, by Joseph Bristow; The Representation of the Past: Museums and Heritage in the Post-Modern World, by Kevin Walsh; Community and Commerce in Late Medieval Japan: The Corporate Villages of Tokuchin-ho, by Hitomi Tonomura; Liquor and Labour in Southern Africa, by Jonathan Crush and Charles Ambler

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-488
Author(s):  
Leonard Cantor ◽  
Della Hooke ◽  
Richard Lawton ◽  
Anthony Sutcliffe ◽  
Miles Ogborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Company Town ◽  
Medieval Japan ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Public Health Movement ◽  
The City

Kampong, fire, nation: Towards a social history of postwar Singapore

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loh Kah Seng
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Social History ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

An important but little-studied act in the history of postwar Singapore was played out at the margins of the city. Here, the state was involved in a major campaign to socialise the ‘squatters’ of urban kampong into citizens of a high modernist state. The fire hazard in these settlements also contributed significantly to the process, as the residents were mobilised into fire-fighting squads and politicians acted on behalf of the victims of infernos by rehousing them in emergency public housing. This article proposes a new approach to postwar Singapore historiography at the interface between politics and social developments. It underlines the social agents, spatial dimension and historical continuity uncovered in the venture.

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