scholarly journals Influence of aerobic treated manure application on the chemical and microbiological properties of soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e1104
Author(s):  
Adriana Montañez ◽  
Natalia Rigamonti ◽  
Silvana Vico ◽  
Carla Silva ◽  
Lucía Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Aim of study: This study evaluated the effect of the application of liquid aerobic treated manure (continuous liquid composting, CLC) on physical, chemical and biological soil properties, with the objective of monitoring changes induced by soil management with CLC as a biofertilizer.Area of study: Colonia, Uruguay (lat. 34,338164 S, long. 57,222630 W).Material and methods: Soil’s chemical properties, including nitrogen mineralization potential (NMP) and 15 microbiological properties (microbial biomass carbon, MBC; mesophylic aerobic bacteria; actinobacteria; filamentus fungi; fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis; dehydrogenase; with NMP; acid and alkaline phosphatase; cellulolose degraders; P-solubilizing bacteria; nitrifying; denitrifying and free-living N-fixing microorganisms; glomalin; and soil-pathogenicity index, SPI) were evaluated in two sites with similar cropping history, with one and three years of respective CLC application.Main results: CLC application had significant effects on soil microbial biomass (p<0.05), soil enzyme (p<0.1) and functional groups activity (p<0.05). SPI decreased in both sites with CLC application. No significant variations were detected for the chemical variables, with the exception of NMP, which was significantly high (p<0.05) in soil treated with CLC at both sites.Research highlights: The improved biological soil properties analyzed (MBC, soil enzyme activities and SPI, together with NMP) emerged as reasonable indicators to assess and monitor the effects of CLC application.

scholarly journals Effect of land use, season, and soil depth on soil microbial biomass carbon of Eastern Himalayas

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Tshering Lepcha ◽  
N. Bijayalaxmi Devi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract Background Soil microbial biomass, an important nutrient pool for ecosystem nutrient cycling is affected by several factors including climate, edaphic, and land-use change. Himalayan soils are young and unstable and prone to erosion and degradation due to its topography, bioclimatic conditions and anthropogenic activities such as frequent land-use change. Through this study, we tried to assess how soil parameters and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) of Eastern Himalayan soils originated from gneissic rock change with land-use type, soil depth and season. Chloroform fumigation extraction method was employed to determine MBC from different land-use types. Results Soil physical and chemical properties varied significantly with season, land-use and soil depth (p < 0.001). The maximum values of soil properties were observed in the rainy season followed by summer and winter season in all the study sites. Annual mean microbial biomass carbon was highest in the forest (455.03 μg g− 1) followed by cardamom agroforestry (392.86 μg g− 1) and paddy cropland (317.47 μg g− 1). Microbial biomass carbon exhibited strong significant seasonal difference (p < 0.001) in all the land-use types with a peak value in the rainy season (forest-592.78 μg g− 1; agroforestry- 499.84 μg g− 1 and cropland- 365.21 μg g− 1) and lowest in the winter season (forest − 338.46 μg g− 1; agroforestry – 320.28 μg g− 1 and cropland − 265.70 μg g− 1). The value of microbial biomass carbon decreased significantly with soil depth (p < 0.001) but showed an insignificant increase in the second year which corresponds to a change in rainfall pattern. Besides, land-use type, season and soil depth, soil properties also strongly influenced microbial biomass carbon (p < 0.001). Microbial quotient was highest in the agroforestry system (2.16%) and least in the subtropical forest (1.91%). Conclusions Our results indicate that land-use, soil depth and season significantly influenced soil properties and microbial biomass carbon. The physical and chemical properties of soil and MBC exhibit strong seasonality while the type of land-use influenced the microbial activity and biomass of different soil layers in the study sites. Higher soil organic carbon content in cardamom agroforestry and forest in the present study indicates that restoration of the litter layer through retrogressive land-use change accelerates microbial C immobilization which further helps in the maintenance of soil fertility and soil organic carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals Differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley, Xinjiang

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulu Zhang ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
Haijun Yang ◽  
Nijat Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Biomass Carbon

Background A wetland is a special ecosystem formed by the interaction of land and water. The moisture content variation will greatly affect the function and structure of the wetland internal system. Method In this paper, three kinds of wetlands with different flooding levels (Phragmites australis wetland (long-term flooding), Calamagrostis epigeios wetland(seasonal flooding) and Ditch millet wetland (rarely flooded)) in Ili Valley of Xinjiang China were selected as research areas. The changes of microbial biomass carbon, soil physical and chemical properties in wetlands were compared, and redundancy analysis was used to analyze the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities (soil sucrase, catalase, amylase and urease). The differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley were studied and discussed. Result The results of this study were the following: (1) The activities of sucrase and amylase in rarely flooded wetlands and seasonally flooded wetlands were significantly higher than those in long-term flooded wetlands; the difference of catalase activity in seasonal flooded wetland was significant and the highest. (2) Redundancy analysis showed that soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus and soil microbial biomass carbon had significant effects on soil enzyme activity (p < 0.05). (3) The correlation between soil organic carbon and the sucrase activity, total phosphorus and the catalase activity was the strongest; while soil organic carbon has a significant positive correlation with invertase, urease and amylase activity, with a slight influence on catalase activity. The results of this study showed that the content of organic carbon, total phosphorus and other soil fertility factors in the soil would be increased and the enzyme activity would be enhanced if the flooding degree was changed properly.

scholarly journals Effects of fertilizations on soil bacteria and fungi communities in a degraded arid steppe revealed by high through-put sequencing

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luhua Yao ◽  
Dangjun Wang ◽  
Lin Kang ◽  
Dengke Wang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Arid Steppe ◽  
Soil Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Background Fertilization as one of the measures in restoring degraded soil qualities has been introduced on arid steppes in recent decades. However, the fertilization use efficiency on arid steppes varies greatly between steppe types and years, enhancing uncertainties and risks in introducing fertilizations on such natural system to restore degraded steppes. Methods The experiment was a completely randomized design with five fertilization treatments, 0 (Control), 60 kg P ha−1 (P), 100 kg N ha−1 (N), 100 kg N ha−1 plus 60 kg P ha−1 (NP), and 4,000 kg sheep manure ha−1 (M, equaling 16.4 kg P ha−1 and 81.2 kg N ha−1). Soils were sampled from a degraded arid steppe which was consecutively applied with organic and inorganic fertilizers for three years. We analyzed the diversity and abundance of soil bacteria and fungi using high-throughput sequencing technique, measured the aboveground biomass, the soil chemical properties (organic carbon, available and total phosphorus, available and total nitrogen, and pH), and the microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon. Results In total 3,927 OTU (operational taxonomic units) for bacteria and 453 OTU for fungi were identified from the tested soils. The Ace and Chao of bacteria were all larger than 2,400, which were almost 10 times of those of fungi. Fertilizations had no significant influence on the richness and diversity of the bacteria and fungi. However, the abundance of individual bacterial or fungi phylum or species was sensitive to fertilizations. Fertilization, particularly the phosphorus fertilizer, influenced more on the abundance of the AMF species and colonization. Among the soil properties, soil pH was one of the most important soil properties influencing the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi. Discussion Positive relationships between the abundance of bacteria and fungi and the soil chemical properties suggested that soil bacteria and fungi communities in degraded steppes could be altered by improving the soil chemical properties through fertilizations. However, it is still not clear whether the alteration of the soil microbe community is detrimental or beneficial to the degraded arid steppes.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use Types and Seasonal Variations on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Microbial Biomass Dynamics in a Tropical Climate, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Alex Amerh Agbeshie ◽  
Simon Abugre ◽  
Rita Adjei ◽  
Thomas Atta-Darkwa ◽  
Joseph Anokye
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial

Land use conversion significantly impact on sensitive soil quality parameters such as microbial biomass and soil microbial quotient. Therefore, soil microbial biomass and physicochemical properties were compared under three different land use systems namely agricultural land, degraded mine land and an adjacent natural forest in the Newmont Gold Ghana Limited concessional areas, Kenyasi, Ghana. In our field experimentation, an area of 300 m2 was demarcated in each land use type for soil sampling. In each of the land use type, we collected soil 5 samples at a depth of 0-15 cm in both the dry and wet seasons respectively. Parameters we measured included soil bulk density, pH, particle size distribution, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and moisture content. Our results revealed that land use type significantly impacted on soil microbial biomass and physicochemical properties. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen was higher in the forested land compared to the agricultural land and degraded mine land, which was due to relatively higher amounts of litter inputs. Microbial biomass carbon decreased between 20.23 - 88.36% when land use changed from forested land to other land uses. Significant positive correlation was observed between soil microbial biomass and water content, soil organic carbon, phosphorus, clay, nitrogen. Generally, seasonal variation in our study area did not influence soil physical and chemical properties, however, it significantly affected microbial biomass indices. Findings of our study further revealed the importance of forested area in the maintenance of soil quality parameters.

scholarly journals Variations in Soil Properties Rather than Functional Gene Abundances Dominate Soil Phosphorus Dynamics under Short-Term Nitrogen Input

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Han ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Kesi Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoting Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
N Input ◽  
Microbial Biomass P

Abstract Background and aims Microorganisms play a vital role in regulating soil phosphorus (P) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. However, how nitrogen (N) inputs trigger the functional traits of P transformation-related microorganisms to affect P fates in soil needs to be explored further. Our aims were to reveal the soil microbial functional profiles for P turnover in response to N input and to explore the relationships between soil P dynamics, soil properties and functional genes.Methods We collected soil samples from field experiments with three levels of N input over three years in an alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to determine soil P dynamics and other properties and functional genes via metagenomics.Results The soil available P and microbial biomass P were significantly affected by N inputs and significantly associated with soil properties (including soil pH, alkaline phosphatase activity, and soil total N and NO3--N contents). Meanwhile, high N input decreased the relative abundance of the pstS gene, and low N input reduced the relative abundances of ugpQ and C-P lyase genes. The pstS gene was a determinant of soil microbial biomass P and significantly correlated with soil pH. Moreover, Alphaproteobacteria with C-P lyase and Actinobacteria related to alkaline phosphatases and phosphate-specific transport were the most abundant taxa but not affected by N input.Conclusions We found relationships between the pstS gene, microbial biomass P and soil pH, and the microbial functional gene abundance was less important than soil properties in regulating soil P dynamics under short-term N inputs.

scholarly journals Effect of forest fire on soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity in oak and pine forests of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devanshi Singh ◽  
Priyanka Sharma ◽  
Ujjwal Kumar ◽  
Achlesh Daverey ◽  
Kusum Arunachalam
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract Background Forest fire incidences in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India are very common in summers. Pine and oak are the principal and dominant species of Himalayan subtropical forest and Himalayan temperate forest, respectively. Forest vegetation influences the physicochemical and biological properties of soil and forest fire in pine and oak forests may have a different effect on the physicochemical and biological properties of soil. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the impact of forest fire on soil microbial properties, enzymatic activity, and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the advent of forest fire in the pine and oak forests of the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. Results The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soil basal respiration, and acid phosphatase activity decreased, whereas dehydrogenase activity increased at burnt sites of both forest types. The overall change in soil microbial biomass carbon was 63 and 40% at the burnt oak forest and burnt pine forest, respectively. Dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase activity showed a strong positive correlation with soil organic matter (r = 0.8) and microbial indices, respectively. The ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen was reduced at burnt sites of both forest types. Factor analysis results showed that fire had a significant impact on soil characteristics. The soil basal respiration was linked with macro- and micronutrients at burnt sites, whereas at control sites, it was linked with physicochemical properties of soil along with nutrients. Conclusion Forest fire had a significant impact on soil properties of both forest types. The impact of forest fire on soil microbial biomass carbon was stronger in the oak forest than in the pine forest. Forest type influenced soil enzymatic activity at burnt sites. The bacterial community was dominated over fungi in burnt sites of both forests. Soil microbial indices can be used as a selective measure to assess the impact of fire. Furthermore, forest type plays an important role in regulating the impact of forest fire on soil properties.

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