scholarly journals Who is at risk? The development of a tool to predict and prevent postpartum hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Oliva Bazirete ◽  
Manassé Nzayirambaho ◽  
Aline Umubyeyi ◽  
Marie Chantal Uwimana ◽  
Evans Marilyn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Prediction And Prevention

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage remains the main cause of maternal mortality in Low and Middle Income Countries. There is a need to advocate for extra vigilance to recognize women at a greater risk and implement early intervention for Postpartum hemorrhage prevention. The purpose of the present study is to develop a content validated risk assessment tool for the prediction and prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage among childbearing women.Methods: This study is drawn from a larger mixed method sequential exploratory study. Factors influencing the prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage were identified from a scoping review and qualitative descriptive studies previously conducted. To establish content validity Index of the instrument, content experts assessed each item of the tool for comprehensiveness, relevance, and face validity. The tool was pilot tested to assess its clinical utility by fifteen (15) health care providers purposively selected from one district hospital based on a minimum of one-year experience in maternity. Ethical considerations were observed.Results: The Risk Assessment Tool went through three rounds of assessment for its content validity. The final round of quantification of the content validity demonstrates that 4 items out of 46 had an Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) of 0.85 while 42 had the maximum I-CVI of 1. The overall Scale Content Validity Index/ Average (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.98, and the universal approach of Scale Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) was 0.91. The assessment of clinical utility of Risk Assessment Tool for the Prediction and Prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage among Childbearing women (RATP) demonstrates that its format allows easy recording of findings and using the tool can be an added value for prevention of PPH.Conclusions: The risk assessment tool for the prediction and prevention of Postpartum hemorrhage is intended to be used by health care providers in Rwanda to identify mothers at risk of developing PPH and implement timely prevention strategies. The clinical use of the tool can be vital in the development of accurate preventive approaches by key policy makers in Rwanda in particular and in other developing countries.

scholarly journals Transcultural adaptation of the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carmen Martinez ◽  
Viviane Ernesto Iwamoto ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽  
Adriana Moreira Noronha ◽  
Ana Paula de Sousa Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Transcultural Adaptation

ABSTRACT Objective: to perform the transcultural adaptation and content validity analysis of the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool to assess both fall risk and fall-related injury risk for hospitalized elderly in Brazil. Method: the transcultural adaptation consisted of translating the scale to Portuguese (Brazil), back-translating it into its language of origin, establishing a consensus version, and having an expert committee verify its transcultural equivalence. Content assessment was conducted by a committee of judges, ending with the calculation of the items and scales' content validity index. Nurses tested the tool. Results: the scale's translated version went through two evaluation rounds by the judges, based on which, the items with unsatisfactory performance were changed. The content validity index for the items was ≥80.0% and the global index 97.1%. The experimental application showed the scale is user-friendly. Conclusion: the scale presents valid content for the assessment of fall risk and risk of fall-related injuries and is easy to use, with the potential to contribute to the proper identification of risks and the establishment of care actions.

scholarly journals Chinesisation, adaptation and validation of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool in critically ill patients: a cross-sectional observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e045550
Author(s):  
Zhigang Zhang ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Yuchen Wu ◽  
Jin Guo ◽  
Nannan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Western China ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Assessment ◽  
Content Validity Index

PurposeTo translate and adapt the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx) into Chinese version (‘CPAx-Chi’), test the reliability and validity of CPAx-Chi, and verify the cut-off point for the diagnosis of intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW).Study designCross-sectional observational study.MethodsForward and back translation, cross-cultural adaptation and pretesting of CPAx into CPAx-Chi were based on the Brislin model. Participants were recruited from the general ICU of five third-grade class-A hospitals in western China. Two hundred critically ill adult patients (median age: 53 years; 64% men) with duration of ICU stay ≥48 hours and Glasgow Coma Scale ≥11 were included in this study. Two researchers simultaneously and independently assessed eligible patients using the Medical Research Council Muscle Score (MRC-Score) and CPAx-Chi.ResultsThe content validity index of items was 0.889. The content validity index of scale was 0.955. Taking the MRC-Score scale as standard, the criterion validity of CPAx-Chi was r=0.758 (p<0.001) for researcher A, and r=0.65 (p<0.001) for researcher B. Cronbach’s α was 0.939. The inter-rater reliability was 0.902 (p<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of CPAx-Chi for diagnosing ICU-AW based on MRC-Score ≤48 were 0.899 (95% CI 0.862 to 1.025) and 0.874 (95% CI 0.824 to 0.925) for researcher B. The best cut-off point for CPAx-Chi for the diagnosis of ICU-AW was 31.5. The sensitivity was 87% and specificity was 77% for researcher A, whereas it was 0.621, 31.5, 75% and 87% for researcher B, respectively. The consistency was high when taking CPAx-Chi ≤31 and MRC-Score ≤48 as the cut-off points for the diagnosis of ICU-AW. Cohen’s kappa=0.845 (p=0.02) in researcher A and 0.839 (p=0.04) for researcher B.ConclusionsCPAx-Chi demonstrated content validity, criterion-related validity and reliability. CPAx-Chi showed the best accuracy in assessment of patients at risk of ICU-AW with good sensitivity and specificity at a recommended cut-off of 31.

scholarly journals Content validity of the Geriatric Health Assessment Instrument

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhaine Borges Santos Pedreira ◽  
Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha ◽  
Clarice Alves dos Santos ◽  
Lélia Renata Carneiro Vasconcelos ◽  
Martha Cerqueira Reis
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective Assess the content validity of the Elderly Health Assessment Tool with low education. Methods The data collection instrument/questionnaire was prepared and submitted to an expert panel comprising four healthcare professionals experienced in research on epidemiology of aging. The experts were allowed to suggest item inclusion/exclusion and were asked to rate the ability of individual items in questionnaire blocks to encompass target dimensions as “not valid”, “somewhat valid” or “valid”, using an interval scale. Percent agreement and the Content Validity Index were used as measurements of inter-rater agreement; the minimum acceptable inter-rater agreement was set at 80%. Results The mean instrument percent agreement rate was 86%, ranging from 63 to 99%, and from 50 to 100% between and within blocks respectively. The Mean Content Validity Index score was 93.47%, ranging from 50 to 100% between individual items. Conclusion The instrument showed acceptable psychometric properties for application in geriatric populations with low levels of education. It enabled identifying diseases and assisted in choice of strategies related to health of the elderly.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment tool for Religious Mass Gathering Events of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasana Sharma ◽  
Sankara Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Special Events

ObjectiveTo develop a risk assessment tool to assess the public health and environmental risks associated with religious mass gathering events of Tamil Nadu, a state in the southern part of IndiaIntroductionIn spite of the fact that mass gatherings are an undeniably regular element of our society attended by huge crowds yet such occasions are not very well understood. Even though such gatherings are accumulations of "well people", vast number of people associated with mass gatherings can put a serious strain on the entire health care system1.The public health implications of mass gathering events include a potential increased risk for disease transmission because of the variability and mobility of those attending the event and increased media attention. Risk assessment for mass gathering events is crucial to identify the potential health hazards which aids in planning and response activities specific to the event2. Preparing for mass gatherings offer an opportunity to improve health service delivery, enhance health promotion and strengthen public health systems3.In India, many of the religious festivals are observed with mass gatherings and prayers. Large crowd participate in such festivals as participants to observe the unique rituals and also as spectators. Literature indicates that in India, we might be well equipped for response activities but the scientific concept of risk assessment i.e., to understand the existing risks, identify the risks, characterize the risks and plan for risk reduction strategies accordingly are at an infant stage .The little that has been done in the field of mass gatherings has generally focused on description of preparedness activities of single event, crowd control, prevention of stampedes with little attention to public health preparedness. The present project is an attempt to systemize the process of risk assessment by developing a risk assessment tool consisting of characteristics peculiar to planned religious mass gatherings of Indian context.MethodsQualitative approach was followed to identify the risks associated with mass gathering events and to identify the domains and items to be included in the risk assessment tool. Firstly, an extensive review of literature about the risks associated with the mass gathering events was done. Secondly, Key Informants (n=20) involved in planning and management of religious mass gathering events in the State of Tamil Nadu, India were purposively identified and interviewed using a semi structured interview guide. Principle of redundancy was followed. Content/Thematic analysis was done using Atlas.ti software. Currently, the project is in the phase of obtaining content validity of the developed tool. Followed by this, a mobile application based upon the validated tool will be developed which will be further field tested for feasibility in a selected mass gathering event in Tamil Nadu. Using a self administered content validity questionnaire, the experts will be asked to assess the relevance of the items of the tool. Agreement proportions between the experts will be calculated. S-CVI (Scale Content Validity Index), index for inter-rater agreement (agreement proportion) and Kappa agreement coefficient will be calculated.ResultsA sum total of 48 unique health risks have been identified. Stampedes, fire accidents, structural collapse, drowning, outbreak of communicable diseases, exacerbation of existing medical illnesses (like cardiac diseases, asthma etc) etc are the some of the health risks identified. Six domains (characteristics related to event, participant, environment, disaster preparedness, medical service preparedness and pre event planning activities) and 21 items have been generated from the content analysis of key informant interviews and literature review.ConclusionsSome special events and unforeseen events occur in places of mass gatherings besides fixed places of worshipping .Such events cause more damage to human beings and property. Special events like idol procession, chariot pulling, fire walking, animal sacrificing happen pulling larger crowds within the mass gatherings. In order to inform all planning and delivery activities it is essential to understand the mass gathering context and risk assessments. This tool can be used by public health managers to identify key public health and environmental risks at the planning stage before the event takes off. At the planning stage, use of this tool will help in putting the required measures in place in order to address the potential risks identified. The tool can be used as a guiding instrument during and after the event as well. The investigators further plan to develop a mobile based app from this risk assessment tool and test it out in a selected mass gathering event of the state of Tamil Nadu located in southern part of India. Feedback from public health managers about the mobile based risk assessment tool can be instrumental in further modifying the tool. By contributing to public health preparedness activities during mass gathering events in a country with poor resources like India, this research activity is an initiative that is expected to lead to health systems strengthening.References1. Arbon P. The development of conceptual models for mass-gathering health. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2004 Sep;19(3):208-12.2. World Health Organization. Public health for mass gatherings: Key considerations. Geneva: WHO; 2015.3. Tam JS, Barbeschi M, Shapovalova N, Briand S, Memish ZA, Kieny MP. Research agenda for mass gatherings: a call to action. The Lancet infectious diseases. 2012 Mar 31; 12(3):231-9.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of Self-Assessment Tool for Risk Prioritization Following Exposure to Tuberculosis in a Hospital Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3981
Author(s):  
Piyapong Sirinapakul ◽  
Naesinee Chaiear ◽  
Phanumas Krisorn
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Kappa Agreement

The Modified Self-Assessment (MSA) and Present Self-Assessment (PSA) forms are questionnaires used to prioritize the risk of infection of health workers exposed to tuberculosis (TB) in Srinagarind Hospital in Thailand. As MSA was developed from PSA, the validity and reliability of MSA need to be assessed. The research aim is to examine the content validity of MSA and to assess the respective reliability of MSA and PSA vis-à-vis expert opinion. Seven experts determined the content validity index (CVI) of MSA. MSA and PSA were used to prioritize the TB contact of 108 subjects, and we compared the result with the risk assessed by the experts. The respective Kappa agreements between MSA and PSA and the experts were used to assess reliability. The result of the content validity index revealed that MSA had I-CVI > 0.83 for all questions and an S-CVI/Ave above 0.90 for all factors. The Kappa agreement of contact priority between MSA and the experts was 0.80; it was 0.58 between PSA and the experts. MSA can, thus, be used to prioritize contact with tuberculosis in Srinagarind Hospital. MSA is a valid risk communication tool for aerosol-generating procedures. Further study should be conducted in other hospitals, and the number of participants should be increased in order to come to a concrete result.

scholarly journals Developing, Implementing, and Validating a Social Toxicity Assessment Tool of Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1522-1528
Author(s):  
Abdul-Rahman Jazieh ◽  
Hoda Jradi ◽  
Omar B. Da'ar ◽  
Mohammad Alkaiyat ◽  
Yousuf Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index

PURPOSE The social impact of cancer on patients and their family is well known. Yet, unlike with physical and financial toxicities, no validated tools are available to measure this impact. This study aimed at developing, validating, and implementing a novel social toxicity assessment tool for patients with cancer diagnosis (STAT-C). METHODS Questions were generated through multiple steps including focus groups of patients, their families, and oncology care professionals. These steps along with relevant literature resulted in the development of an initial 20-item questionnaire. Content validity and relevance of the tool were assessed using Content Validity Index for individual items and Content Validity Index for the entire scale. Following expert examination, the constructed STAT-C tool consisted of 14 items grouped into three domains—social relations, social activities, and economic impact. Based on the total possible score for the survey in 150 patients for all the items, three levels of a socioeconomic toxicity were determined—severe social toxicity, mild social toxicity, and no social toxicity. RESULTS The 14 items were marked as relevant, and the Content Validity Index for individual items ranged between 0.80 and 1.00. An overall average Content Validity Index for the entire scale of 0.87 showed high content validity of the constructed tool. Exploratory factor analysis revealed retention of 13 items of the constructed STAT-C Tool, which loaded across three factors that mapped groupings into measures of social relations, social activities, and economic impact domains. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that STAT-C is a valid, reliable tool, and well captures and measures unique and pertinent social toxicity constructs for Arabic-speaking patients. The tool should enable oncology professionals to deliver better patient-centered care as a component of a comprehensive approach.

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