Effects of calcium and magnesium silicate on the absorption of silicon and nutrients in wheat

Wheat is a plant that accumulates silicon (Si). The application of silicon to the soil may influence the absorption of nutrients by the plant and, therefore, its nutritional balance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of calcium and magnesium silicate (CaSiO3/MgSiO3) on the ability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to utilize silicon and absorb nutrients from soils collected in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using 8-L plastic pots and three types of soil. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks (3 × 5 factorial design): three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2), and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)], five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 t ha–1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), and four replications were performed. The effects of calcium and magnesium silicate on the concentrations of Si, N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ within leaves were evaluated. Silicon concentrations in wheat leaves and stems increased with increasing rates of calcium and magnesium silicate applied to the soil. Wheat shoots accumulated averages of 28.2% (Ox1), 60.61% (Ult), and 74.14% (Ox2) of the Si from the silicate applied to the soil. Silicate fertilization increased the amount of Ca+2 and Mg+2 within leaves and reduced the amount of Zn2+ and Mn2+ within leaves. Calcium and magnesium silicate prevented excessive amounts of Mn2+ from being absorbed by wheat, improving the balance in the absorption of this nutrient.

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Survey of Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) Infesting Wheat in Eastern Colorado

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toab015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Darren M Cockrell ◽

Terri Randolph ◽

Erika Peirce ◽

Frank B Peairs

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

The State ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Management Decisions ◽

Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽

Cephus Cinctus ◽

Growing Region

Abstract From 2012 through 2020, a survey of wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, was conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields in Eastern Colorado. In 2013, results showed sawfly infestations concentrated in the northern part of the state with only a few highly infested sites, with 38 of the 94 sampled sites having any infestation (five of which had >50% infestation levels). By 2020 sawfly had been found in all eastern counties sampled, and 72 of the 106 sites sampled were found to contain sawfly (11 of which had >50% infestation levels). The spread of this pest across the Colorado wheat-growing region will have lasting economic effects. The information gathered from this and future surveys will inform wheat variety development and aid in management decisions made by growers across the state.

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Association of Bipolaris and Drechslera Species with Bipolaris Leaf Blight (BPLB) Infected Wheat Leaves

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences ◽

10.3329/jbas.v43i1.42228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Mst Selina Momtaz ◽

Shamim Shamsi ◽

Tapan Kumar Dey

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Wheat Leaves ◽

Blight Disease ◽

Academy Of Sciences

Five species of Bipolaris and two species of Drechslera associated with leaf blight disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been described. The associated fungi were Bipolaris cynodontis (Marig.) Shoemaker, B. oryzae (Breda De Haan) Shoemaker, B. sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker, B. tetramera (Mckinney) Shoemaker, B. victoriae (Meehan & Murphy) Shoemaker, Drechslera dematioidea (Bub. & Wrob.) Subram. & Jain and D. hawaiiensis (Bugnicourt) ex M.B. Ellis; Subram. & Jain. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 11-16, 2019

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Effects of super-absorbent polymers on a soil–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system in the field

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 58-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Xi Li ◽

Ji-Zheng He ◽

Jane M. Hughes ◽

Yu-Rong Liu ◽

Yuan-Ming Zheng

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

L System ◽

Soil Wheat

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Results of the State varietal examination of grain quality for Spring Soft Wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) listed in the State Register of Varieties of Ukraine

Plant varieties studying and protection ◽

10.21498/2518-1017.2(8).2008.62785 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 0 (2(8)) ◽

pp. 72-75

Author(s):

О. О. Шовгун ◽

В. В. Шелепов ◽

В. М. Лисікова ◽

С. О. Ляшенко ◽

С. Л. Чухлєб ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

The State ◽

Soft Wheat ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

State Register ◽

Spring Soft Wheat

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Cadmium accumulation, translocation factor, and health risk potential in a wastewater-irrigated soil-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.095 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 231 ◽

pp. 579-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Salar Rezapour ◽

Behnaz Atashpaz ◽

Sina Siavash Moghaddam ◽

Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis ◽

Christos A. Damalas

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Health Risk ◽

Translocation Factor ◽

Cadmium Accumulation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

L System ◽

Risk Potential ◽

Soil Wheat

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Distribution and Seasonal Phenology of Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Wheat in Tennessee

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-28.4.363 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 363-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jerome F. Grant ◽

Charles R. Patrick

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Leaf Beetle ◽

The State ◽

Economic Threshold ◽

Seasonal Incidence ◽

Cereal Leaf Beetle ◽

Oulema Melanopus ◽

Eggs And Larvae ◽

Experimental Plots

A three-year study was conducted to assess the distribution and seasonal incidence of cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), on wheat, Triticum aestivum L., in Tennessee. Cereal leaf beetle was distributed across the state with populations most frequently encountered in eastern and middle Tennessee. Cereal leaf beetle adults were active in wheat fields during late March to early April; eggs were found from late March to early May; and larvae were found from early April to early June, peaking during mid May. In our experimental plots, larval densities exceeded the suggested economic threshold during each year. F1 adults emerged from late May to late June and fed approximately 2 wks on corn and other available Graminae plants. Adult activity then ceased; adults, eggs, and larvae were not encountered again until the following March and April.

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Proteolytic Inactivation of Glutamine Synthetase in Extracts From Wheat Leaves: Effects of pH, Inorganic Ions and Metabolites

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9940303 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 303 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V Frohlich ◽

A Fischer ◽

G Ochs ◽

A Wild ◽

U Feller

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Glutamine Synthetase ◽

Inorganic Ions ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Major Effect ◽

Substrate Protein ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Proteolytic Activities ◽

Wheat Leaves ◽

Ph Range

Glutamine synthetase in extracts from young wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves was quite stable at pH 7.0-9.0, whereas it was remarkably more labile below and above this range. Added extract from senescing wheat leaves accelerated the inactivation over the whole investigated pH range (6.0-10.5) and was most effective around pH 8.5-9.0. At pH 7.5, glutamine synthetase inactivation by endogenous or other supplied endopeptidases was delayed in the presence of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and L-lysine, while potassium chloride stabilised only slightly. No major effect was caused by the addition of sucrose, L-alanine, L-serine or glycine. These results, and the fact that the stabilities of various enzymes are affected differently by the same solutes, suggest stabilising interactions with the substrate protein (glutamine synthetase) rather than effects on the inactivating endopeptidases. From immunoblots, it became evident that the inactivation of glutamine synthetase was paralleled by the degradation of the intact subunit. A smaller fragment was detected on immunoblots during the catabolism of this enzyme. Stabilising solutes retarded the loss of the intact subunit and the formation of the fragment. Solute concentrations must be considered as factors regulating the catabolism of a particular protein by given proteolytic activities.

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Alterations in 1,4-Benzoxazinone Levels Following Inoculation with Stem Rust in Wheat Leaves Carrying Various Alleles for Resistance and Their Possible Role as Phytoalexins in Moderately Resistant Leaves

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1990-11-1211 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 45 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1151-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Claudia Bücker ◽

Hans J. Grambow

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Stem Rust ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Puccinia Graminis ◽

Conversion Product ◽

Near Isogenic Lines ◽

Wheat Leaves ◽

Infection Types ◽

Moderately Resistant

The contents of 1,4-benzoxazinone derivatives in wheat plants infected with Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Ericss. & Henn, race 32, and in uninfected controls were examined in four near-isogenic lines of different infection types: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Prelude Sr5 (highly resistant), Sr24, Sr26 (moderately resistant), and srx (susceptible). In all infection types the contents of DIMBOA -glc and HMBOA -glc decrease with time in the uninfected controls as well as in the infected plants. However, following inoculation, the synthesis of HDIBOA -glc is drastically increased in the moderately resistant cultivars. The results suggest that this fully methylated 1,4-benzoxazinone may function as a phytoalexin in this type of interaction. The benzoxazolinone MBOA which has been described as an in vitro conversion product of the benzoxazinones mentioned above is not detected in inoculated or uninoculated leaves.

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Glyoxylate aminotransferases from wheat leaves

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1139/o68-118 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 771-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. King ◽

E. R. Waygood

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽

Forward Direction ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Partial Purification ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Glycine Metabolism ◽

Wheat Leaves ◽

Glyoxylate Aminotransferase

Chromatographic studies were made of the following aminotransferases in crude, dialyzed extracts of wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L. var. Selkirk): alanine: glyoxylate; aspartate: glyoxylate; glycine: 2-oxoglutarate (EC2.6.1.4); serine: glyoxylate; L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate (EC 2.6.1.1); L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate (EC 2.6.1.2).After partial purification, the properties of serine: glyoxylate aminotransferase were studied in greater detail. This reaction proceeded in the forward direction to no more than one-half completion but no reverse reaction could be detected. The enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 8.2, and Km values of 9.0 × 10−4 M for serine and 2.5 × 10−4 M for glyoxylate were obtained. No clear requirement for the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate or for metal ion participation could be shown but orthophosphate activated the enzyme when the latter was isolated in either Tris buffer or distilled water. Various aspects of glycine metabolism are discussed in relation to this and other work recently reported using wheat blades.

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