Glyoxylate aminotransferases from wheat leaves

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 771-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. King ◽  
E. R. Waygood
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Glycine Metabolism ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Glyoxylate Aminotransferase

Chromatographic studies were made of the following aminotransferases in crude, dialyzed extracts of wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L. var. Selkirk): alanine: glyoxylate; aspartate: glyoxylate; glycine: 2-oxoglutarate (EC2.6.1.4); serine: glyoxylate; L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate (EC 2.6.1.1); L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate (EC 2.6.1.2).After partial purification, the properties of serine: glyoxylate aminotransferase were studied in greater detail. This reaction proceeded in the forward direction to no more than one-half completion but no reverse reaction could be detected. The enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 8.2, and Km values of 9.0 × 10−4 M for serine and 2.5 × 10−4 M for glyoxylate were obtained. No clear requirement for the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate or for metal ion participation could be shown but orthophosphate activated the enzyme when the latter was isolated in either Tris buffer or distilled water. Various aspects of glycine metabolism are discussed in relation to this and other work recently reported using wheat blades.

scholarly journals Association of Bipolaris and Drechslera Species with Bipolaris Leaf Blight (BPLB) Infected Wheat Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mst Selina Momtaz ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Tapan Kumar Dey
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Five species of Bipolaris and two species of Drechslera associated with leaf blight disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been described. The associated fungi were Bipolaris cynodontis (Marig.) Shoemaker, B. oryzae (Breda De Haan) Shoemaker, B. sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker, B. tetramera (Mckinney) Shoemaker, B. victoriae (Meehan & Murphy) Shoemaker, Drechslera dematioidea (Bub. & Wrob.) Subram. & Jain and D. hawaiiensis (Bugnicourt) ex M.B. Ellis; Subram. & Jain. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 11-16, 2019

scholarly journals Comprehensive Genome-wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of CCHC Zinc Finger Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aolong Sun ◽  
Yongliang Li ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zou ◽  
Fenglin Chen ◽  
Ruqiong Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Nucleic Acid Binding ◽  
Metal Ion Binding ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Gene Structures ◽  
Environmental Responses ◽  
Cchc Zinc Finger

Abstract Background: The CCHC zinc finger proteins (CCHC-ZFPs) are transcription factors that play versatile roles in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic/abiotic stress. However, little is known about the CCHC-ZF genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), an important food crop.Results: In this study, 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified and distributed unevenly on 21 wheat chromosomes. According to the phylogenetic features, the 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were classified into eight groups with specific motifs and gene structures. 43 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified as segmentally duplicated genes that formed 36 segmental duplication gene pairs. Additionally, the collinearity analyses between wheat and eight other representative plant species showed that wheat had closer phylogenetic relationships with monocots compared to dicots. A total of 636 cis-elements related to environmental stress and phytohormone responsiveness were identified in the promoter of TaCCHC-ZF genes. Moreover, GO enrichment results revealed that all 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were annotated under metal ion binding and nucleic acid binding. 91 miRNA binding sites within the 34 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified by miRNA targets analyses, indicating that the expression of TaCCHC-ZF genes could be regulated by the miRNAs. Based on published transcriptome data, 38 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified as DEGs, and 15 TaCCHC-ZF genes among them were verified by qRT-PCR assays, which showed response to drought, heat, or simultaneous response of them.Conclusions: This study systematically explored the gene structures, evolutionary characteristics, and potential roles during environmental responses of TaCCHC-ZF genes, providing a foundation for further investigation and application of TaCCHC-ZF genes in the molecular breeding of T. aestivum.

Proteolytic Inactivation of Glutamine Synthetase in Extracts From Wheat Leaves: Effects of pH, Inorganic Ions and Metabolites

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Frohlich ◽  
A Fischer ◽  
G Ochs ◽  
A Wild ◽  
U Feller
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Proteolytic Activities ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Ph Range

Glutamine synthetase in extracts from young wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves was quite stable at pH 7.0-9.0, whereas it was remarkably more labile below and above this range. Added extract from senescing wheat leaves accelerated the inactivation over the whole investigated pH range (6.0-10.5) and was most effective around pH 8.5-9.0. At pH 7.5, glutamine synthetase inactivation by endogenous or other supplied endopeptidases was delayed in the presence of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and L-lysine, while potassium chloride stabilised only slightly. No major effect was caused by the addition of sucrose, L-alanine, L-serine or glycine. These results, and the fact that the stabilities of various enzymes are affected differently by the same solutes, suggest stabilising interactions with the substrate protein (glutamine synthetase) rather than effects on the inactivating endopeptidases. From immunoblots, it became evident that the inactivation of glutamine synthetase was paralleled by the degradation of the intact subunit. A smaller fragment was detected on immunoblots during the catabolism of this enzyme. Stabilising solutes retarded the loss of the intact subunit and the formation of the fragment. Solute concentrations must be considered as factors regulating the catabolism of a particular protein by given proteolytic activities.

Alterations in 1,4-Benzoxazinone Levels Following Inoculation with Stem Rust in Wheat Leaves Carrying Various Alleles for Resistance and Their Possible Role as Phytoalexins in Moderately Resistant Leaves

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1151-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Bücker ◽  
Hans J. Grambow
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Conversion Product ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Infection Types ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The contents of 1,4-benzoxazinone derivatives in wheat plants infected with Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Ericss. & Henn, race 32, and in uninfected controls were examined in four near-isogenic lines of different infection types: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Prelude Sr5 (highly resistant), Sr24, Sr26 (moderately resistant), and srx (susceptible). In all infection types the contents of DIMBOA -glc and HMBOA -glc decrease with time in the uninfected controls as well as in the infected plants. However, following inoculation, the synthesis of HDIBOA -glc is drastically increased in the moderately resistant cultivars. The results suggest that this fully methylated 1,4-benzoxazinone may function as a phytoalexin in this type of interaction. The benzoxazolinone MBOA which has been described as an in vitro conversion product of the benzoxazinones mentioned above is not detected in inoculated or uninoculated leaves.

Partial Purification and Characterization of Protease from Germinating Wheat Seeds (Triticum aestivum L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajit Kumar Shaha ◽  
N.K. Sana ◽  
N. Roy . ◽  
K.K. Biswas . ◽  
Abdullah Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Stabilizing effect of benzimidazole on 6-phosphofructokinase activity in wheat leaves

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolanle A. A. Williams ◽  
H. R. Godavari ◽  
E. R. Waygood
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stabilizing Effect ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Phosphofructokinase Activity ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Primary leaves of Triticum aestivum L. var Selkirk were excised when 7–9 days old. 6-Phosphofructokinase (PFK) (EC 2.7.1.11) activity was determined in extracts from freshly excised leaves and those floated for 1, 3, or 5 days on a solution of benzimidazole (50 mg/litre) or water.PFK activity in extracts from detached leaves treated with benzimidazole was essentially the same as that in extracts from freshly excised leaves. However, the activity of the enzyme from leaves floated on water declined rapidly after 24 h floatation.

scholarly journals Effects of calcium and magnesium silicate on the absorption of silicon and nutrients in wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinicius Mansano Sarto ◽  
Maria Do Carmo Lana ◽  
Leandro Rampim ◽  
Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽  
Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto Sarto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The State ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Soil Wheat ◽  
Nutritional Balance

Wheat is a plant that accumulates silicon (Si). The application of silicon to the soil may influence the absorption of nutrients by the plant and, therefore, its nutritional balance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of calcium and magnesium silicate (CaSiO3/MgSiO3) on the ability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to utilize silicon and absorb nutrients from soils collected in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using 8-L plastic pots and three types of soil. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks (3 × 5 factorial design): three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2), and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)], five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 t ha–1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), and four replications were performed. The effects of calcium and magnesium silicate on the concentrations of Si, N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ within leaves were evaluated. Silicon concentrations in wheat leaves and stems increased with increasing rates of calcium and magnesium silicate applied to the soil. Wheat shoots accumulated averages of 28.2% (Ox1), 60.61% (Ult), and 74.14% (Ox2) of the Si from the silicate applied to the soil. Silicate fertilization increased the amount of Ca+2 and Mg+2 within leaves and reduced the amount of Zn2+ and Mn2+ within leaves. Calcium and magnesium silicate prevented excessive amounts of Mn2+ from being absorbed by wheat, improving the balance in the absorption of this nutrient.

Thylakoid development and chlorophyll distribution in water-stressed and hormone-treated wheat leaves

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 1941-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Duysen ◽  
T. P. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Complex Ii ◽  
Chlorophyll Distribution ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Pigment Protein Complex

An osmotic stress imposed by polyethylene glycol reduced the number and length of stroma thylakoids, the total thylakoid length, and chlorophyll (Chl) accumulation in pigment–protein complex II during the greening of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chris, chloroplasts. The combination treatment of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid applied with the imposed stress increased the number of thylakoids per granum, number and length of stroma thylakoids, total thylakoid length, and accumulation of Chl in pigment–protein complex II but reduced plastid number. Abscisic acid reduced the number and length of stroma thylakoids and the total thylakoid length of developing chloroplasts.

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