Survey of Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) Infesting Wheat in Eastern Colorado

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren M Cockrell ◽  
Terri Randolph ◽  
Erika Peirce ◽  
Frank B Peairs
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Growing Region

Abstract From 2012 through 2020, a survey of wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, was conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields in Eastern Colorado. In 2013, results showed sawfly infestations concentrated in the northern part of the state with only a few highly infested sites, with 38 of the 94 sampled sites having any infestation (five of which had >50% infestation levels). By 2020 sawfly had been found in all eastern counties sampled, and 72 of the 106 sites sampled were found to contain sawfly (11 of which had >50% infestation levels). The spread of this pest across the Colorado wheat-growing region will have lasting economic effects. The information gathered from this and future surveys will inform wheat variety development and aid in management decisions made by growers across the state.

INHERITANCE OF SAWFLY REACTION AND STEM SOLIDNESS IN SPRING WHEAT CROSSES: SAWFLY REACTION

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Tilletia Caries ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Stem Solidness

Inheritance of reaction to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort., was studied in populations of F3 and B2 lines from the cross Red Bobs × C.T. 715 (Triticum aestivum L.), and the respective backcrosses. The data supported the hypothesis that the varieties differed by three genes for sawfly reaction. A major influence was attributable to one gene. Its allele for susceptibility when homozygous was epistatic to the other two genes. Its allele for resistance was twice as effective as either of the other genes in conditioning resistance. The other two genes lacked dominance and were equal in their influence on sawfly reaction.Correlation coefficients showed that sawfly reaction was not associated with reaction to race T-2 of Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul., heading date, or awnedness. Sawfly susceptibility was weakly correlated with height.

AC Abbey hard red spring wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Moderate Resistance

AC Abbey, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian prairies. It is significantly shorter than any of the check cultivars and has solid stems. AC Abbey expressed higher grain yield, earlier maturity, and heavier kernels than AC Eatonia, the solidstem check cultivar. It is resistant to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and to prevalent races of common bunt and has moderate resistance to leaf rust and stem rust. AC Abbey is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, yield, wheat stem sawfly, plant height, maturity

Lillian hard red spring wheat

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith ◽  
G. Humphreys ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Description

Lillian, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), exhibited reduced cutting by the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and is adapted to the Canadian prairies. Lillian produced significantly more grain yield than AC Abbey and Neepawa and its grain yield and protein concentration were similar to AC Barrie. It matured significantly earlier than Superb and Laura, and had improved resistance to leaf rust and leaf spotting diseases compared to AC Abbey. Lillian is eligible for all grades of the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield and protein, resistance wheat stem sawfly, leaf and stem rust

scholarly journals Results of the State varietal examination of grain quality for Spring Soft Wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) listed in the State Register of Varieties of Ukraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 0 (2(8)) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
О. О. Шовгун ◽  
В. В. Шелепов ◽  
В. М. Лисікова ◽  
С. О. Ляшенко ◽  
С. Л. Чухлєб ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The State ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
State Register ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF STRAINS ASSOCIATED WITH TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. ON MICROBIOCENOSIS IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF WINTER WHEAT OF CHERNOZEM SOUTHERN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Egovtseva ◽  
◽  
T.N. Melnichuk ◽  
S.F. Abdurashitov ◽  
E.E. Andronov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Associative Bacteria ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Mineralization Processes

Pre-sowing inoculation with strains of associative bacteria is one of the promising methods for increasing the productivity of agricultural crops. These microorganisms are able to stimulate the growth processes of plants, improve their mineral nutrition, increase phytoimmunity and resistance to adverse factors. The aim of the research is to study the influence of strains with a high associative potential to Triticum aestivum L. on the microbiocenosis in the rhizosphere of soft wheat of several varieties grown on chernozem southern. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020 using three varieties – ‘Ermak’, ‘Bagheera’, ‘Lydia’. The experiments were laid on plots (accounting area – 25 m2) in systematic design, replicated four times. The climate of the study area is characterized as arid (steppe). Inoculation was carried out before wheat seeds sowing; option without treatment served as a control. Sampling was carried out in the most active phase – flowering (in May 2019 and 2020). In the course of the research, we found that changes in the number of microorganisms of various ecological-trophic groups of chernozem southern in the rhizosphere of wheat occur under the influence of bacterial strains associative to T. aestivum. Wheat variety ‘Bagheera’ was found to be the most responsive to seed bacterization; the average yield increase over two years of research was in the range of 0.2-0.4 t/ha or 5-10%. Calculation of coefficients and indices indicating the direction of mineralization processes in the soil made it possible to establish that inoculation promotes their activation. The results of the correlation analysis based on two-year data obtained after studying three varieties of winter wheat showed that the number of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter has the greatest influence on the yield – the correlation index is 0.81 at p <0.05.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS IN DIFFERENT WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) VARIETIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona VAGUSEVICIENĖ ◽  
Sonata KAZLAUSKAITĖ ◽  
Aiste JUCHNEVICIENĖ ◽  
Asta BYLAITE ◽  
Audrone ŽEBRAUSKIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Alcohol Extract

Dynamics of photosynthesis pigments in the leaves of different varieties of winter wheat during the vegetation period is analyzed in the paper. The accumulation of pigments in the plant depends on the physiological activity, growth and development of the plant, therefore the composition and content of photosynthesis pigments chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids reflect the general condition of the plant. The ratio of chlorophyll a / b for normal photosynthesis activity in the leaves of the plant should be at least 1:3. The object of the research is different varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - 'Artist', 'Edvin', 'Skagen', 'Bertold' and 'Viola'. Field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 2015-2016. Soil type was identified as IDg8 - k (LVg - p - w - cc) - shallow calcareous luvisol (Calc (ar) i - Epihypogleyic Luvisols). Agrochemical parameters of the soil were determined using accepted analytical methods. The content of photosynthesis pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in green leaf mass was determined in 96% ethyl alcohol extract applying spectrophotometric Wettstein method, “Genesys” 6 spectrophotometer. The photosynthesis productivity (Fpr) was calculated according to the formula: Fpr = 2 (M2-M1) / (L1 + L2) T. The accuracy of the data analysis was estimated according to the standard measurement deviation from the mean. The highest content of photosynthesis pigments has been accumulated by winter wheat variety 'Skagen'. The best result has been observed at the end of nodding stage. A lower content of photosynthesis pigments has been found in the leaves of 'Edvin', 'Viola' and 'Artist' varieties. The highest photosynthesis productivity of all winter wheat varieties has been recorded at the end of nodding stage, and decrease of photosynthesis productivity has been observed since milk maturity stage.

Distribution and Seasonal Phenology of Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Wheat in Tennessee

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome F. Grant ◽  
Charles R. Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Cereal Leaf Beetle ◽  
Oulema Melanopus ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Experimental Plots

A three-year study was conducted to assess the distribution and seasonal incidence of cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), on wheat, Triticum aestivum L., in Tennessee. Cereal leaf beetle was distributed across the state with populations most frequently encountered in eastern and middle Tennessee. Cereal leaf beetle adults were active in wheat fields during late March to early April; eggs were found from late March to early May; and larvae were found from early April to early June, peaking during mid May. In our experimental plots, larval densities exceeded the suggested economic threshold during each year. F1 adults emerged from late May to late June and fed approximately 2 wks on corn and other available Graminae plants. Adult activity then ceased; adults, eggs, and larvae were not encountered again until the following March and April.

scholarly journals Changes in the structure of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots in varieties susceptible and resistant to infestation by Heterodera avenae Woll.

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Grymaszewska ◽  
Władysław Golinowski
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Cell Divisions

The structure of wheat roots of the "susceptible" variety Capa and "resistant" variety AUS 10894 infested by <em>Heterodera avenae</em> was studied. The processes leading to the formation of syncytia and the range of reactions of the studied varieties to infection are described. In both varieties, necrosis of cells surrounding the nematode, and in the wheat variety AUS 10894, in addition, necrotic changes in cells surrounding syncytia were found. The syncytia formed in the resistant variety degenerated early. The cells adjacent to the syncytia underwent divisions. Cell divisions also took place in the pericycle. They led to the formation of more numerous lateral roots, especially in plants from the susceptible variety. It seems that the earlier degeneration of syncytia and the accompanying necrotic changes in the tissues surrounding the syncytia observed in wheat of the AUS 10894 variety can be taken as signs of host resistance reactions.

scholarly journals Participatory Evaluation and Selection of Improved Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum. L) Varieties in Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p80
Author(s):  
Berhanu Meles ◽  
Chekole Nigus ◽  
Atsede Teklu ◽  
Yonas G Mariam
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Variety Selection

Participatory variety selection trials were conducted in 2018 G.C in Laelay-maichew, Tahtay-maichew and Ahferom districts of central zone of Tigrai to evaluate the performance of improved bread wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) Variety and to assess farmers’ criteria for bread wheat variety selection. Six improved bread wheat varieties (Mekelle-1, Mekelle-2, Ogolcho, Kingbird and Hedasse) including the most popular variety ‘Kakaba’ were used for the study at eighteen farmers (six from each district). The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design at baby trial with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference among the tested varieties for most of the agronomic traits except for kernels per spike and harvest index in all the tested locations. In the preference ranking, farmers used their own traits of interest which were very important in their wheat varieties for selection. Hence, common criteria’s identified by the farmers to select the best varieties were; grain yield, biomass yield, earliness, disease resistance, spike length and seed size. Accordingly direct matrix ranking by farmers showed that Ogolcho was top ranked both at L/maichew and Ahferom followed by Kakaba, however Mekelle-1 was first ranked followed by Kakaba at T/maichew.  Therefore farmers of L/maichew and Ahferom were recommended to use Ogolcho and Kakaba, whereas Mekelle-1 was recommended for T/maichew.

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