scholarly journals Use of biostimulants in elephant grass cv. Napier

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Estela Pezenti ◽  
◽  
Marcio dos Santos Pedreira ◽  
Sérgio Augusto de Albuquerque Fernandes ◽  
Moizéis Silva Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Forage Digestibility ◽  
Ethylene Inhibitor

This study was developed to examine the growth, yield, chemical composition and in situ degradability of elephant grass cv. Napier (Pennisetum purpureum). Five spraying protocols with biostimulants were tested, namely, Control - no application; 1BR - bioregulator at seven days; 2BR - bioregulator at seven days + bioregulator and foliar fertilization at 20 days; 2BR2 - bioregulator at seven days + bioregulator and foliar fertilization at 20 days + ethylene inhibitor at 30 days; and 3BR - bioregulator at seven days + bioregulator and foliar fertilization at 20 days + ethylene inhibitor and bioregulator at 30 days. The grass was cut evenly at a height of 15 cm and harvested at 70 days of regrowth. The experimental area was divided into two blocks according to the slope. Ninety plots were used, totaling an area of 4,608 m2. Each plot was composed of four 4-m rows spaced 80 cm apart. Chemical composition, morphological traits and forage digestibility data were evaluated. The 3BR protocol, with more bioregulator-based applications, resulted in higher canopy (9.78%) and stem (9.58%) compared with control group. The 2BR and 2BR2 treatments provided a 6.5% higher stem than control treatment. The improvement in the nutritional value of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Napier was due to the 17.55% increase in crude protein (CP) content provided by protocol 3BR relative to control group. Treatments 2BR2 and 3BR improved the effective degradability of dry matter (DM). The application of biostimulant protocols increased the potential degradability of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (+4.1%), with the greatest response seen in treatment 2BR2 in comparison with control treatment. Biostimulant protocols increase the canopy and stem heights and CP content. The application of a bioregulator associated with foliar fertilization and ethylene inhibitor improves the effective degradability of DM and NDF and the potential degradability of NDF in Pennisetum purpureum cv. Napier harvested at 70 days of regrowth.

scholarly journals Light interception, chemical, and productive characteristics of elephant grass subjected to different cutting intervals

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2351
Author(s):  
Sâmara Stainy Cardoso Sânches ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
Ricardo Alves Araújo ◽  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
Franscisco Naysson Sousa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Optimal Point ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Pattern Of Variation

This study aimed to evaluate the interception of light (%IL), leaf area index (LAI), and the chemical and productive characteristics of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) under different defoliation frequencies (30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after cutting). The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications and five treatments (cutting frequencies). The chemical composition was analyzed in a factorial arrangement 2 ×5 (two fractions: leaf and stem, and five defoliation frequencies). The pattern of variation in IL and LAI in function of the frequency of cutting was ascending order. The maximum values of %IL and LAI occurred at 75 and 90 days after cutting with 98.46%; 98.72% (%IL) and 7.08; 8.10 (LAI), respectively. There was no effect of cutting frequency on the total yield of forage, leaf production, generation of stem and dead material, tillers alive, dead tillers and height. Only the leaf/stem ratio was not influenced (P > 0.05) among the factors studied. The frequency of cutting influenced (P < 0.05) the chemical composition, where decreased cutting frequency significantly increased the levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, and ash in two fractions evaluated (leaf and stem); the crude protein content showed a decline from the moment the frequency of cutting was increased. The LAI, and productive and chemical characteristics of elephant grass were influenced by increased frequency of cutting. Limiting the cutting of the grass to 60 days implies an optimal point of production and quality.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of elephant grass genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 951-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique de Souza ◽  
Cristian Faturi ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Ednaldo da Silva Filho ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nutritive Values

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the nutritive value of four elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes. The chemical composition, intake by sheep, and digestibility of different genotypes (G1, G2, G3, and G4) were evaluated. A dry matter (DM) digestibility assay was performed with total leftovers and feces collected from 20 sheep kept in metabolic cages. G3 had lower DM intake in grams per animal per day compared with G1 and G2, and it had greater digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber values. G1, G2, and G4 have the best nutritive values among the evaluated genotypes.

scholarly journals Production potential and chemical composition of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) at different ages for energy purposes

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 1428-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesia Faria Vidal Ana ◽  
da Costa Barbe Tatiane ◽  
Figueiredo Daher Rogerio ◽  
Eustáquio Almeida Filho Janeo ◽  
Samara Nunes de Lima Roberta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

Grass size and butterfly pea inclusion modify the nutritional value of elephant grass silage

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maikon Figueredo Lemos ◽  
Alexandre Carneiro Leão de Mello ◽  
Adriana Guim ◽  
Márcio Vieira da Cunha ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Butterfly Pea

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional value of silages from tall-sized and dwarf elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes, intercropped or not with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea). The experiment was performed in randomized complete blocks, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement (four genotypes × two cropping systems). The genotypes intercropped or not with butterfly pea were: IRI-381 and Elephant B, tall sized; and Taiwan A-146 2.37 and Mott, dwarf. Forage was harvested 60 days after regrowth. In the silage from Mott grass intercropped with butterfly pea, lower contents of lignin (78.1 g kg-1), neutral detergent fiber (636.0 g kg-1), and neutral detergent insoluble protein (13.15 g kg-1), besides a greater dry matter recovery (873.3 g kg-1), were observed. The silage from Taiwan A-146 2.37 intercropped with the legume showed a greater crude protein content (136.1 g kg-1). In both silages, the ammonia nitrogen contents were quite reduced (26.4 g kg-1). However, greater residual water-soluble carbohydrate contents were observed in the silages from the intercrop (1.85 mg g-1) and from the Mott grass monocrop (1.51 mg g-1). Moreover, there was a lower in vitro dry matter digestibility (676.7 g kg-1) for the silage from the intercrop. Dwarf genotypes increase the nutritional value of elephant grass silage, compared with the tall-sized ones. Intercropping with butterfly pea improves silage fermentation characteristics, despite reducing its digestibility. Therefore, the ensilage of dwarf Mott elephant grass intercropped with butterfly pea shows more promising results.

scholarly journals Nutritional value, fermentation losses and aerobic stability of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48272
Author(s):  
Maikon Figueredo Lemos ◽  
Alexandro Pereira Andrade ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Camila Oliveira Santos ◽  
Caio Felipe Barros Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional value, fermentation losses, and aerobic stability of elephant grass silage (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates (experimental silos) and five levels of fibrolytic enzymes (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%). For this, the elephant grass was ensiled at 70 days of age in plastic buckets with 20L capacity. Silos were opened 60 days after sealing. Analyses were made for chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), effluent losses (EL), gas losses (GL) and dry matter recovery (DMR), as well as the aerobic stability of the silage. Data were analyzed with PROC REG of SAS® University, at 5% probability. There was an increase in IVDMD content (p < 0.0001) and reduction in NDF and ADF contents (p < 0.0001) according to enzyme levels. These results were related to the increase in the degradation of fiber fractions. There were higher EL (p = 0.0062) as a function of enzyme levels and aerobic deterioration after silo opening, at all levels tested. Thus, it can be concluded that the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes change the chemical composition of elephant grass silage, and increase its digestibility and nutritional value. Moreover, when used alone as an additive, fibrolytic enzymes are not able to recover all dry matter of this silage (with effluent and gas losses), and are not able to maintain aerobic stability in the first hours after opening the silos.

scholarly journals Replacement of soybean meal by soybean in multiple supplements for beef heifers grazing Urochloa decumbens during the dry season

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mageste de Almeida ◽  
Mário Fonseca Paulino ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Luciana Navajas Rennó ◽  
Lívia Vieira de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens

<p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal with soybean in multiple supplements on nutritional parameters, microbial efficiency and productive and reproductive performance of heifers grazing in <em>Urochloa decumbens </em>during the drought period. Were used 39 crossbred heifers of initial age and initial weight of 21 months and 309.5±7 kg, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments with eight replicates, and a control treatment with seven replications. Two treatments had soybean meal as the protein source and two treatments had soybean as the protein source, containing 25% and 40% crude protein. The amount of supplement offered was 1.0 kg/animal/day. The animals of the control group received only mineral salt <em>ad libitum</em>. The supplemented animals had higher average daily gain (ADG) than control animals (P&lt;0.10), and there was no difference in ADG among the supplements (P&gt;0.10). There was an effect of supplementation (P &lt;0.10) on intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDF). There were no differences (P&gt;0.10) on intake of OM and DM grazing between the supplemented and non-supplemented. Supplementation improved DM digestibility and all constituents of the diet (P&lt;0.10). It was found that the provision of multiple supplements optimizes the performance of heifers grazing during the dry season, and that the substitution of soybean meal by soybean did not improve productive performance of animals.</p>

scholarly journals Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

scholarly journals Silage Quality and Preference of Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) with Varying Levels of Poultry dropping and Cassava Peel by West African Dwarf Goats

2019 ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binuomote R. T. ◽  
Bamigboye F. O. ◽  
Amuda A.J. ◽  
Ayebogan G. M.
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
West African ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Cassava Peel

In this study, elephant grass ((Pennisetum purpureum) was ensiled with varying levels of poultry dropping and cassava peel (CSP). Silage characteristics and chemical composition of the silage mixtures were determined in the laboratory while preferences of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats for the mixtures were assessed using eighteen (18) WAD goats. The treatments were: T1: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (40%), dry cassava peel (0%); T2: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (30%), dry cassava peel (10%); T3: P. pupureum (60%), poultry dropping (20%), dry cassava peel (20%); T4: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (10%), dry cassava peel (30%); T5: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (0%), dry cassava peel (40%) and T6: P. purpureum (100%). All the mixtures formed good silage, except the silage with the highest proportion of poultry dropping (T1) and acidity (pH) ranged from 6.75 to 3.80 (T1 and T5 respectively) while colour varied from pale to light green with dark brown and white speckles as proportion of cassava peel in the silage mixture increased. All silages had firm texture with pleasant and slightly alcoholic smell. Dry matter (DM) content of silage increased as proportion of cassava peel in the mixture increased while crude protein (CP) and (NDF) reduced. DM, CP and CF varied from 27.00 to 54.00%, 8.46 to 10.72% and 28.52 to 60.52 %, respectively. The preference by goats was 11.22, 20.44, 20.71, 21.78, 22.56 and 32.28% for T5, T4, T6, T3, T2 and T1 respectively. These results revealed that the silage properties, chemical composition and acceptability of elephant grass silage by WAD goat were enhanced by the addition of cassava peel and poultry dropping to elephant grass

scholarly journals Replacement of soybean meal by soybean in multiple supplements for beef heifers grazing Urochloa decumbens during the dry season

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4601
Author(s):  
Daniel Mageste de Almeida ◽  
Mário Fonseca Paulino ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Luciana Navajas Rennó ◽  
Lívia Vieira de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal with soybean in multiple supplements on nutritional parameters, microbial efficiency and productive and reproductive performance of heifers grazing in Urochloa decumbens during the drought period. Were used 39 crossbred heifers of initial age and initial weight of 21 months and 309.5±7 kg, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments with eight replicates, and a control treatment with seven replications. Two treatments had soybean meal as the protein source and two treatments had soybean as the protein source, containing 25% and 40% crude protein. The amount of supplement offered was 1.0 kg/animal/day. The animals of the control group received only mineral salt ad libitum. The supplemented animals had higher average daily gain (ADG) than control animals (P<0.10), and there was no difference in ADG among the supplements (P>0.10). There was an effect of supplementation (P <0.10) on intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDF). There were no differences (P>0.10) on intake of OM and DM grazing between the supplemented and non-supplemented. Supplementation improved DM digestibility and all constituents of the diet (P<0.10). It was found that the provision of multiple supplements optimizes the performance of heifers grazing during the dry season, and that the substitution of soybean meal by soybean did not improve productive performance of animals

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