scholarly journals Drought analysis and management for Tamil Nadu: Science-stakeholder-policy linkage

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
R. GOWTHAM ◽  
V. GEETHALAKSHMI ◽  
N. KUMAR ◽  
A. LAKSHMANAN ◽  
K. BHUVANESWARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
India Meteorological Department ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Drought Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu State

The complex and multi-dimensional nature of droughts in Tamil Nadu state and its impact on agricultural sector and farming community requires a thorough analysis for developing short and long– term adaptation and mitigation measures with institutional arrangement and policy support. In the present investigation, drought analysis was made for Tamil Nadu state using 148 years (1871 – 2018) monthly rainfall data obtained at district scale from India Meteorological Department (IMD) and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University by employing various drought indices. Larger co-efficient of variation (139 and 149 %) during the major growing seasons (Southwest and Northeast monsoon)evidenced high undependability of rainfall over Tamil Nadu. Drought Index (DI) analysis indicated a 51 per cent drought years in SWM and 48 per cent in NEM season, while Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) exhibited 43 and 48 per cent of drought years in SWM and NEM respectively, indicating occurrence of drought once in every four years. More number of Consecutive Drought years (CDY) posed serious impacts on food production and livelihoods. Drought management framework as well as input for designing drought policy for Tamil Nadu.

scholarly journals Performance of Drought Indices in Trichy Region, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
L. Sathya ◽  
R. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Rainfall Anomaly ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Data Series

Droughts are regional phenomena, which are considered as one of the major natural environmental hazards and severely affect the water resources. Climate variability may result in harmful drought periods in semiarid regions. Meteorological drought indices are considered as important tools for drought monitoring, they are embedded with different theoretical and experimental structures. This study compares the performance of three indices of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) End Palmer Drought Severity Index (PNPI) to predict long-term drought events using the Thomas-Feiring Model and historical data. For studies of areal drought extent, the 61 years (1951-2011) historical rainfall data of Trichy District were utilized to generate 58 years (2012-2070) synthetic data series so that the characteristics of long-term drought might be determined and the performance of those three indices might be analyzed and compared. The results show that SPI and PNPI perform similarly with regard to drought identification and detailed analysis to determine the characteristics of long-term drought. Finally, the RAI indicated significant deviations from normalized natural processes.

Prediction of Future Extremes During the Northeast Monsoon in the Coastal Districts of Tamil Nadu State in India Based on ENSO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lakshmi ◽  
E. A. K. Nivethaa ◽  
S. N. Ahamed Ibrahim ◽  
A. Ramachandran ◽  
K. Palanivelu
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Tamil Nadu State

scholarly journals Rainfall Stability and Drought Valuation (Using Spi) Over Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-933
Author(s):  
A.P Ramaraj ◽  
S Kokilavani ◽  
N Manikandan ◽  
B Arthirani ◽  
D Rajalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Spi Index ◽  
Southern Zone ◽  
Annual Range ◽  
Moderate Drought

Drought is the most extensive hydro-meteorological pattern of prolonged period of water scarcity affecting natural resources and environment. However, it has significantly different characteristics from one region to another. Tamil Nadu agonizes from various disasters including droughts. Generally rainfall deviation from the long-term mean continues to be a widely adopted indicator for drought intensity assessment. The application of this indicator is strongly limited by its inherent nature of its dependence on mean. Thus a standardized procedure that overcomes these limitations becomes a basic need. Moreover stability of rainfall in recent years has been erratic and hence to understand the stability of rainfall over years Precipitation Ratio (PR) was used. Further to understand the drought climatology of southern zone of Tamil Nadu, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used. PR was studied for three decades (1981-2010) covering seven locations. In most of the locations the rainfall was stable during 1981-90 and thereafter a gradual decline in stability was noticed confirming the weather extremes in the recent decade. SPI had an annual range from +2.69 to -4.94 while Monsoon period had +2.41 to -3.43 and +2.69 to -3.14 respectively for Southwest and Northeast monsoon seasons. As per SPI index, Southern zone is prone to moderate drought followed by severe and extreme drought category. Among the periods studied (Annual, SWM and NEM) number of moderate drought occurrences had no much variation while in severe and extreme drought category, variations could be observed. In particular, during NEM period there was almost no occurrence of extreme drought.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Drought Analysis Using Statistical and Meteorological Indices Approach: A Case Study of Badin, Sindh

2019 ◽  
pp. 594-604
Author(s):  
Aisha Akber ◽  
Syed Feroz Shah ◽  
Muhammad Wajid Ijaz ◽  
Hira Soomro ◽  
Nimra Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Drought Analysis ◽  
Drought Prediction ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

Drought is a global phenomenon that can occur in any ecological zone and render significant damages to both the natural environment and human lives. However, hydro-climatic stresses are growing distinctly in the arid zones across the globe. Literature suggests that the analysis of a long-term data-set could help in strengthening of mitigation planes and rationalization of disaster management policies. Thus, the present study is aimed to analyze the evidence-based historical drought events happened in arid-zone Badin, Pakistan and predict its occurrence and severity for the next 82 years (2018-2099). Drought indices viz standardized precipitation index and reconnaissance drought index have been used to detect the severity of the drought events. Thirty years (1988 to 2017) past data of precipitation and temperature were used to categorize the drought severity and validated against the local data. Climate projections based on RCP 4.5 and 8.5 made at 25x25 km resolution used for future drought analysis. The results demonstrate that the region faced severe to extreme drought in 1990-91 and 2001-04. While, in future 2020-21, 2036-37, 2038-39 would be the extreme driest years under RCP 4.5 and 2029-30, 2089-90 under RCP 8.5. Further insight revealed that the average annual temperature has increased and precipitation has decreased w.r.t the base year 1988. It is concluded that drought detection with SPI and RDI is suitable and drought prediction with the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 could be a better option.

scholarly journals High-spatial-resolution probability maps of drought duration and magnitude across Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Domínguez-Castro ◽  
Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
Miquel Tomás-Burguera ◽  
Marina Peña-Gallardo ◽  
Santiago Beguería ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Drought Hazard ◽  
Probability Maps ◽  
Peak Over Threshold ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract. Assessing the probability of occurrence of drought is important for improving current drought assessment, management and mitigation measures, and strategies across Spain. This study employed two well-established drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), to characterize drought duration and magnitude at different timescales over Spain. In order to map the drought hazard probability, we applied the extreme value theory and tested different thresholds to generate peak-over-threshold (POT) drought duration and magnitude series. Our results demonstrate that the generalized Pareto (GP) distribution performs well in estimating the frequencies of drought magnitude and duration. Specifically, we found a good agreement between the observed and modelled data when using upper percentiles to generate the POT series. Spatially, our estimations suggest a higher probability of extreme drought events in southern and central Spain compared to the northern and eastern regions. Also, our study found spatial differences in drought probability estimations as a function of the selected drought index (i.e. SPI vs. SPEI) and timescale (i.e. 1, 3, 6, and 12 months). Drought hazard probability maps can contribute to the better management of different sectors (e.g. agriculture, water resources management, urban water supply, and tourism) at national, regional, and even local scale in Spain.

scholarly journals High-spatial resolution probability maps of drought duration and magnitude across Spain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Domínguez-Castro ◽  
Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
Miquel Tomás-Burguera ◽  
Marina Peña-Gallardo ◽  
Santiago Beguería ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Generalized Pareto Distribution ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Peak Over Threshold

Abstract. We mapped – for the first time – the probability of occurrence of drought over Spain, with the overriding aim of improving current drought assessment, management and mitigation measures and strategies across the region. We employed two well-established drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Drought characteristics (i.e. duration and severity) were characterised at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month, implying that drought event is attained only when the index values are lower than zero. We applied the extreme value theory to map drought hazard probability. Following this procedure, we tested different thresholds to generate the peak-over-threshold drought severity and magnitude series, besides evaluating different three-parametric distributions and thresholds to fit these series. Our results demonstrate that the Generalized Pareto distribution performs well in estimating the frequencies of drought magnitude and duration, with good agreement between the observed and modelled data when using upper percentiles to generate the peak-over-threshold series. Spatially, our estimations suggest a higher probability of extreme drought events in southern and central areas of Spain, compared to northern and eastern regions. Nevertheless, there are strong differences in drought probability estimations between drought indices (i.e. SPI and SPEI), as well as among drought timescales.

scholarly journals Drought detection in Java Island based on Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suroso ◽  
Dede Nadhilah ◽  
Ardiansyah ◽  
Edvin Aldrian
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Drought Analysis ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov

Abstract This study reports a drought analysis which was carried out using the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to determine the spatial and temporal level of drought risk in Java, Indonesia. Apart from using the SPEI, this study also used the SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) as a comparison in detecting drought and also validated with historical drought occurrences. Temporal variations of SPI and SPEI values were discussed by considering different timescales (monthly to yearly). Pearson's correlations between both drought indices were calculated to see how similar both indices were. Also, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests were used for the similarity test of two kinds of distributions. The results obtained from this analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the SPI and SPEI models was relatively high on a monthly scale and consistently increased along with the increase of temporal scales but had a decreasing trend during the dry season. However, the SPI detected drought severity with an excessively high estimate in comparison with the SPEI. Greater spatial extents of drought estimation were also generated by SPI followed by SPEI in comparison to factual drought occurrences. As a consequence, SPEI becomes more moderate and SPI as a conservative approach for estimating drought events.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal analysis of drought in Manjalar sub-basin of Vaigai in Tamil Nadu using standardized precipitation index

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
S. Janapriya ◽  
S. Santhana Bosu ◽  
Balaji Kannan ◽  
S. Kokilavani
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Forecasting ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Analysis

Drought is universally acknowledged as a phenomenon associated with scarcity of water. Drought characterization is essential for drought management operations. Using drought indices is a pragmatic way to assimilate large amounts of data into quantitative information that can be used in applications such as drought forecasting, declaring drought levels, contingency planning and impact assessment. Using monthly mean precipitation data for a period of 1982-2012 from 12 raingauge stations in the Manjalar sub-basin of Vaigai using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is produced for the drought analysis with the time scale of 3 months (SPI-3), 6 months (SPI-6) and 12 months (SPI-12) as they are applicable for agriculture and hydrological aspects, respectively. It was observed that the basin experienced frequent droughts for all months of the year. The highest percentage of occurrence of drought was observed in the month of July (15.3), May (15.4) and August (15.6) at SPI-3, SPI-6 and SPI-12 respectively. On an average we observed 32.6, 8.6, 5.6 and 2.3 percentages of drought occurred by mild, moderate, severe and extreme drought respectively with respect to SPI-12. The results showed that mild droughts occur most frequently and extreme droughts occur least frequently and the basin suffered severe drought during the year of 1985, 2004 and 2006. The central and south eastern parts of the basin had more potential sensitivity to the droughts in comparison with the other areas of the basin.

A Study on Job Satisfaction among Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) Employees at Tiruvarur Branch

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
M. Ganesan, K ◽  
K. Veerakumar ◽  
N. R Vembu ◽  
Dr. M. K Durgamani ◽  
Dr. Renuka
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Labour Turnover

Job satisfaction is an important factor for employees working in formal and informal sector. The job is small or big, permanent or temporary, risky or non-risky, job satisfaction is important. It is the mental feeling which drives the employees to excel. Job satisfaction is a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental circumstances. A satisfied employee is a contented and happy human being. The labour turnover depends upon job satisfaction. Even highly paid employees quit the job when they are not satisfied with the job. Road transportation in Tamilnadu is growing day by day. Job stress in the road transportation is very high due to increase in number of vehicle playing on the road and heavy traffic. The drivers and conductors working in public transport corporation are suffering from high job stress. If drivers and conductors are not satisfied with their job which leads to mental stresses and affects the productivity and also creates accidents. In this present study the researchers made an attempt to study the level of job satisfaction among the drivers and conductors who are working in the Tamilnadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC). The study reveals the expectations of drivers and conductors working in TNSTC with regards to the attributes like salary, promotion and fringe benefits etc., are satisfactory and not detrimental. 

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin B12 Status and Risk of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Birth Defects in Tamil Nadu State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Munger ◽  
Rajarajeswari Kuppuswamy ◽  
Jyotsna Murthy ◽  
Kalpana Balakrishnan ◽  
Gurusamy Thangavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tamil Nadu State

Background and Objective: The causal role of maternal nutrition in orofacial clefts is uncertain. We tested hypotheses that low maternal vitamin B12 and low folate status are each associated with an increased risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) in a case–control study in Tamil Nadu state, India. Methods: Case-mothers of CL±P children (n = 47) and control-mothers of unaffected children (n = 50) were recruited an average of 1.4 years after birth of the index child and plasma vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), total homocysteine (tHcy), and folate were measured at that time. Logistic regression analyses estimated associations between nutrient biomarkers and case–control status. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) contrasting biomarker levels showed associations between case-mothers and low versus high plasma vitamin B12 (OR = 2.48, 95% CI, 1.02-6.01) and high versus low plasma MMA, an indicator of poor B12 status (OR = 3.65 95% CI, 1.21-11.05). Case–control status was not consistently associated with folate or tHcy levels. Low vitamin B12 status, when defined by a combination of both plasma vitamin B12 and MMA levels, had an even stronger association with case-mothers (OR = 6.54, 95% CI, 1.33-32.09). Conclusions: Mothers of CL±P children in southern India were 6.5 times more likely to have poor vitamin B12 status, defined by multiple biomarkers, compared to control-mothers. Further studies in populations with diverse nutritional backgrounds are required to determine whether poor maternal vitamin B12 or folate levels or their interactions are causally related to CL±P.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document