Woodcarvings in Temples “St. Dimitar” and “St. app. Peter and Paul” in Svishtov

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Zahariev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church

The subject of this text are the altar doors of the iconostasis in the temple “St. Dimitar” and the iconostasis at the temple “St. app. Peter and Paul” in Svishtov. Literary sources, field studies, and comparative material from other carvings give us reason to make suggest about the possible dating and attributing. It can be assumed that the woodcarving of the iconostasis in the church “St. app. Peter and Paul” in Svishtov is a work of carvers from the group of Georgi from Vidin. The work was created in the first half of the 19th century. Perhaps at the same time was made the holy gates of the altar of the other Svishtov church “St. Dimitar”.

On the Origin of the Zaraysk Gospel

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
Alexey B. Mazurov ◽  
Alexander V. Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Ancient Manuscripts ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church

The article considers theoretical development of the problem of the origin and provenance in the 15th — the first quarter of the 19th century of the famous Old Russian book monument — the Zaraysk Gospel. Although it has repeatedly attracted the attention of archaeographers, textologists, paleographers, linguists and art historians, this article is the first experience of studying these issues. Created in 1401 in Moscow, the Gospel, which is parchment manuscript, was purchased in 1825 by K.F. Kalaidovich for Count N.P. Rumyantsev from the Zaraysk merchant K.I. Averin, that determined its name by the place of discovery. The scribe book of Zaraysk in 1625 in the altar of the Pyatnitsky chapel of the St. Nikolas wooden church (“which’s on the square”) in the city’s Posad, recorded the description of the manuscript Gospel, corresponding by a number of features to the Zaraysk Gospel. The connection of the codex with the St. Nicholas church is indirectly confirmed by the drawing of the church placed on one of its pages (f. 156 ver.) with the remains of inscription mentioning St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. This allows concluding that the manuscript in the 17th century was in the book collection of the temple. In the 17th century, the ancient St. Nicholas church was re-consecrated to the Epiphany, and the sacristy was moved to the stone St. Nicholas cathedral in Zaraysk. It is most likely that in the first quarter of the 19th century, the merchant K.I. Averin purchased the Gospel from the members of the cathedral’s clergy. The article analyzes the context of the early contributions of the 15th century “to the Miraculous Icon of St. Nikolas of Zaraysk”, one of which, most likely, was the parchment Zaraysk Gospel. The authors assume that this contribution is related to the chronicle events of 1401 or 1408. The study is significant in terms of the theoretical development of methods for identifying ancient manuscripts and their origin.

An Outsider's View: Alexis de Tocqueville on Aristocratic Society and Politics in 19th Century England

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Spring
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
First Impression ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Special Quality ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

This brief account of Tocqueville's ideas on aristocratic society and government in England is intended to serve as a sort of introduction to the longer papers that follow in this symposium. For some years the subject of English aristocratic power in the 19th century—especially in connection with the First and Second Reform Acts—has been much discussed. The discussion has dwelt on such questions as whether the aristocracy grew or declined in power, whether the Reform Acts made for a growth or loss of power, whether aristocratic leadership knew precisely what it was doing, and so on. So far this discussion has been carried on, so to speak, exclusively from the inside: that is, in terms of contemporary English events and ideas. In Tocqueville, who was both an Anglophile and an informed and penetrating observer of England from the 1830s until his death in 1859, we have a distinguished outsider. His ideas are always interesting for their own sake. For this symposium they have the added merit of touching on some of its central themes. On occasion, his ideas may strike the reader as exaggerated, ambiguous, even inconsistent, certainly without system. But they are usually suggestive, and merit the historian's serious attention.Tocqueville's first impression of the English aristocracy was one of great power—a power rooted in its monopoly of landowner ship. As he saw it, the contrast between the French landowning aristocracy and the English was that between an aristocracy, on the one hand, that was land poor, and an aristocracy, on the other hand, that was richly endowed in land. Tocqueville also saw that if landed property did not always lead to economic power—since agriculture did not pay that well—it had a special quality, as compared to other forms of wealth, which was bound to lead to political power.

THE ENDURING LEGACY OF THE SECOND SAUDI STATE: QUIETIST AND RADICAL WAHHABI CONTESTATIONS OFAL-WALĀʾ WA-L-BARĀʾ

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joas Wagemakers
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThe concept ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ (loyalty to Islam, Muslims, and God and disavowal of everything else) has developed in various ways in Wahhabi discourse since the 19th century. This can partly be ascribed to the civil war that caused the collapse of the second Saudi state (1824–91) and the lessons that both quietist and radical Wahhabi scholars have drawn from that episode. In this article, I contend that Wahhabi contestations ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ can be divided into two distinct trends—one social and the other political—and that both show the enduring legacy of the second Saudi state, which can still be discerned in Wahhabi scholarly writings on the subject ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ today.

Protestant Clergy Debate the Nation's Vocation, 1898–1899

1973 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winthrop S. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War I ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
Protestant Clergy ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

A review in theNew York Timesobserved that “the church abandoned the Negro in the 19th century and took up Hugh Hefner in the 20th. Churchmen in America have always been followers instead of leaders.” While this wry comment is not entirely true, it has enough truth to keep clergymen from undue selfesteem. It is clear, on the other hand, that churchmen on occasion have been leaders as well as followers. An equally wry comment attributed to Lincoln Steffens provides a clue to the clergy's leadership role. Americans, Steffens remarked, never learned to do wrong knowingly. Whenever they compromised with principle, they had to find a pious justification for it. Clerical leadership was especially prominent in the period prior to World War I, since this was a time when the American public looked to the pulpit for its pious justifications.

scholarly journals Selected Problems of Generating Apposition Groups in Old Polish

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Piotr Zbróg
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The subject of interest in this chapter is the concepts of creating apposition groups that appear in the literature on the subject, e.g. zbawiciel Jesus, dziewica Maryja, matka jego, słudze Bryjidzie. Opposing theories on this topic indicated on the one hand that apposition was an element added to the parent unit, and on the other hand, that apposition was the effect of transforming the deep structure into surface constructs. These approaches were, usually intuitive, reflected by language courts describing the title expressions since the beginning of the 19th century. In this study, they were traced and proved the dominance of opinions about the syntactic starting point in the derivative of apposition. In addition, other aspects of the characteristics of the groups of positions are discussed, placing them in the basic dichotomy of the derivation of positions.

Ladin, varieties of Val di Fassa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Yifan Yang ◽  
Rachel Walker ◽  
Alessandro Vietti ◽  
Armin Chiocchetti
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Habsburg Empire ◽  
Ideological Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
The 19Th Century

Ladin (ISO 639-3: lld) is a Romance language spoken in the Italian Central-Eastern Alps by a community of about 30,000 speakers (Dell’Aquila 2010). The classification of Ladin within Western Romance has been the subject of a long-lasting scientific and at times ideological debate, particularly because at the end of the 19th century the region was contested between the new-born Italian state and the Habsburg empire. The varieties of Ladin share phonetic-phonological, morphological, syntactic and lexical features with the other languages spoken in the Central-Eastern Alps, such as Friulian and Romansh, thus leading to the identification of the Rhaeto-Romance group (Haiman & Benincà 1992). However, in Ladin there are still many linguistic phenomena that connect it to the Romance dialects of Northern Italy. Therefore, a clear assignment of Ladin to a group is by no means a simple and uncontroversial operation (Salvi 2016).

“Éloquence magique”, ou descriptions des mondes de l'au-delà explorés par le magnétisme animal: Au carrefour de la Naturphilosophie romantique et de la théosophie chrétienne (première moitié du XIXème siècle) “Magic Eloquence”, or Descriptions of the Worlds of the Beyond Explored by Animal Magnetism: At the Crossroad of Romantic Naturphilosophie and Christian Theosophy (first half of the 19th century)

Aries ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Faivre
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Five Senses ◽  
Animal Magnetism ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThe article opens with a distinction between three kinds of “clairvoyance” phenomena. 1) A faculty of seeing/hearing things which are normally outside the reach of the clairvoyant's five senses (like being able to read sentences from a book although it is closed), but which do not extend beyond the domain of our common reality. 2) A “higher” faculty, which consists in seeing/hearing entities like spirits of the dead, angels, demons, etc., and occasionally in having a personal contact with them. 3) A “highest” faculty, of a noetic (“gnostic”) character, which extends beyond the first two and consists in being able to have acess to some sorts of “ultimate realities”: the visions thus imparted to the subject bear on ontological mysteries that concern, for example, the divine world, the cosmos, the hidden sides of Nature, etc. The author bestows the name “magic eloquence” on the narratives of visions pertaining to that third kind of clairvoyance, which are documented in the literature of Christian theosophy (see Jacob Boehme's and Swedenborg' vivions, for instance) and of animal magnetism. After presenting a few examples of magic eloquence chosen in the literature of animal magnetism in the first half of the 19the century, the article discusses the interpretations thereof put forward in the same period by a number of representatives of some German romantic Naturphilosophen who were both interested in animal magnetism and influenced by Christian theosophy. Their interpretations were based, on the one hand, upon the theosophical version of the myth of Fall and Reintegration; on the other hand, upon the “traditional” tripartition spirit/soul/body. On that basis, they constructed a series of heuristic tools successively, around notions like “ethereal light-substance”, “ganglionic system”, and Nervengeist. In the latter, they eventually came to see the cornerstone of the “physicopsycho-spiritual” structure (made of five constitutive elements) of the human being as they imagined it. Moreover, if considered as such, the Nervengeist appears to be the key for understanding the physico-spiritual procedures that undergird the production of magic eloquence. Finally, after presenting a few relevant examples in the literature of fiction inspired by animal magnetism, and some considerations devoted to the continuation of magical eloquence in later spiritual movements, the article draws a parallel between two anthropological “constructs” of the “soul” – namely, by the Naturphilosophie discussed above; and by psychoanalysis.

scholarly journals The Grammatica da Lingua Italiana para os Portuguezes by Antonio Prefumo: between the traditional and the conversational method

2021 ◽  
pp. 430-451
Author(s):  
Monica Lupetti ◽  
Matteo Migliorelli
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Grammatical Tradition

Within the Italian FL grammatical tradition, the 19th century is a very fruitful period. In other contributions, we have highlighted how several Portuguese and Italian figures connected to the circle of the S. Carlos Theatre in Lisbon act as preceptors and compose some grammars, which contain a strong normative part and, at the same time, connect themselves to the conversational tradition: among these works, the Grammatica da Lingua Italiana para os Portuguezes by Antonio Prefumo (Lisbon, 1829) plays a central role, as it goes through four editions over almost forty years. The paper analyses the social and intellectual context of production of this text, besides outlining the author’s profile and providing a philological reconstruction of the sources and models adopted. Furthermore, the paper attempts an analysis of the Grammatica that, on the one hand, highlights both the heritage of the vernacular and Enlightenment grammatical traditions and its innovative aspects and, on the other hand, compares the various editions through the study of their macro-textual areas. The methodology underlying our description follows that proposed by Swiggers (2006, 168) being based on four aspects: the analysis of the author, the audience, the subject described and its form. This approach places the author at the centre of a historical conjuncture in which the traditional grammatical method was associated with that of conversation, responding to the demand of an audience that increasingly approached the study of FL for practical reasons, rather than to meet the traditional educational demands of the upper classes.

scholarly journals Editing Aristotle's Metaphysics: why should Harlfinger's stemma be verified?

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Silvia Fazzo
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Single Exception ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Aristotle's Metaphysics

The textual transmission of Aristotle’s Metaphysics is currently described by Dieter Harlfinger’s stemma codicum. It appeared in 1979 within the acts of the 1972 Symposium Aristotelicum.1 With a single exception, the stemma has been accepted by scholars without discussion, or with minor relevances only. On the other side, at least until 2009 no stemmatically-based edition of a single book of the Metaphysics appeared. Still today, no new general edition is available. We are thus still left with Jaeger’s 1957 OCT – admittedly, an editio minor, which partly depends on Ross’ 1924 critical apparatus and textual choices. But things are evolving now, as we are about to see: this crucial theory and practice – editing Aristotle’s Metaphysics –is moving today faster than it has since the 19th century. Hence the interest in promoting a broader and a more articulated discussion, by pointing out some basic desiderata, which show the need for the subject to be taken into consideration anew.

Immigrant Arab Women in Chile during the Renaissance (Nahda), 1910s-1920s

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Arab Woman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.

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