Development and validation of a virtual reality transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy simulator

Objective: We present the design, reliability, face, content andconstruct validity testing of a virtual reality simulator for transrectalultrasound (TRUS), which allows doctors-in-training to performmultiple different biopsy schemes.Methods: This biopsy system design uses a regular “end-firing”TRUS probe. Movements of the probe are tracked with a micromagneticsensor to dynamically slice through a phantom patient’s3D prostate volume to provide real-time continuous TRUS views.3D TRUS scans during prostate biopsy clinics were recorded.Intrinsic reliability was assessed by comparing the left side of theprostate to the right side of the prostate for each biopsy. A contentand face validity questionnaire was administered to 26 doctors toassess the simulator. Construct validity was assessed by comparingnotes from experts and novices with regards to the time taken andthe accuracy of each biopsy.Results: Imaging data from 50 patients were integrated into thesimulator. The completed VR TRUS simulator uses real patientimages, and is able to provide simulation for 50 cases, with ahaptic interface that uses a standard TRUS probe and biopsy needle.Intrinsic reliability was successfully demonstrated by comparingresults from the left and right sides of the prostate. Face andcontent validity respondents noted the realism of the simulator,and its appropriateness as a teaching model. The simulator wasable to distinguish between experts and novices during constructvalidity testing.Conclusions: A virtual reality TRUS simulator has successfully beencreated. It has promising face, content and construct validity results.

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Development and validation of a virtual reality transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy simulator

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.09159 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Venu Chalasani ◽

Derek W. Cool ◽

Shi Sherebrin ◽

Aaron Fenster ◽

Joseph Chin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Prostatic Biopsy ◽

Development And Validation

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Development and validation of a virtual reality transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy simulator

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.669 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edward D. Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Prostatic Biopsy ◽

Development And Validation

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Development and validation of a virtual reality transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy simulator

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.11016 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 27-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edward D. Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Prostatic Biopsy ◽

Development And Validation

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Development and validation of a multiple-choice question-based delirium care knowledge quiz for critical care nurses

10.1101/2021.01.16.21249923 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mu-Hsing Ho

Keyword(s):

Critical Care ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Item Difficulty ◽

Item Analysis ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

Critical Care Nurses ◽

Face Validity ◽

Development And Validation

ABSTRACTAimsTo develop and psychometrically test a multiple choice questions (MCQs)-based quiz of delirium care knowledge for critical care nurses.DesignInstrument development and psychometric evaluation study.MethodsThe development and validation process including two phases. Phase I focused on the quiz development, conducted by the following steps: (1) generated initial 20-item pool; (2) examined content validity and (3) face validity; (4) conducted pilot testing, data were collected from 217 critical care nurses via online survey during 01 October to 07 November, 2020; (5) performed item analysis and eliminated items based on the item difficulty and discrimination indices. The MCQs quiz was finalised through the development process. Then, phases II emphasised the quiz validation, to estimate the internal consistency, split-half and test-retest reliability, and construct validity using parallel analysis with the exploratory factor analysis (EFA).ResultsA final 16-item MCQs quiz was emerged from the item analysis. The Kuder– Richardson Formula 20 coefficient for the overall quiz showed good internal consistency (0.85), and the intraclass correlation coefficient with a 30-day interval also indicated that the questionnaire had satisfactory stability (0.96). The EFA confirmed appropriate construct validity for the quiz, four factors could explain the total variance of 60.87%.ConclusionThis study developed the first MCQs quiz for delirium care knowledge and it is a reliable and valid tool that can be implemented to assess the level of delirium care knowledge.ImpactThis study offers an evidence-based quiz designed for future research and education purposes in delirium care that has significant implications for knowledge test by using MCQs in clinical practice.

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Face and Construct Validity of a Novel Virtual Reality–Based Bimanual Laparoscopic Force-Skills Trainer With Haptics Feedback

Surgical Innovation ◽

10.1177/1553350618773666 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 499-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Raghu Prasad ◽

Manivannan Muniyandi ◽

Govindan Manoharan ◽

Servarayan. M. Chandramohan

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Face Validity ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Complex Tasks ◽

The Face ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Task Time ◽

Competency Based

Background. The purpose of this study was to examine the face and construct validity of a custom-developed bimanual laparoscopic force-skills trainer with haptics feedback. The study also examined the effect of handedness on fundamental and complex tasks. Methods. Residents (n = 25) and surgeons (n = 25) performed virtual reality–based bimanual fundamental and complex tasks. Tool-tissue reaction forces were summed, recorded, and analysed. Seven different force-based measures and a 1-time measure were used as metrics. Subsequently, participants filled out face validity and demographic questionnaires. Results. Residents and surgeons were positive on the design, workspace, and usefulness of the simulator. Construct validity results showed significant differences between residents and experts during the execution of fundamental and complex tasks. In both tasks, residents applied large forces with higher coefficient of variation and force jerks (P < .001). Experts, with their dominant hand, applied lower forces in complex tasks and higher forces in fundamental tasks (P < .001). The coefficients of force variation (CoV) of residents and experts were higher in complex tasks (P < .001). Strong correlations were observed between CoV and task time for fundamental (r = 0.70) and complex tasks (r = 0.85). Range of smoothness of force was higher for the non-dominant hand in both fundamental and complex tasks. Conclusions. The simulator was able to differentiate the force-skills of residents and surgeons, and objectively evaluate the effects of handedness on laparoscopic force-skills. Competency-based laparoscopic skills assessment curriculum should be updated to meet the requirements of bimanual force-based training.

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Bimanual Fundamentals: Validation of a New Curriculum for Virtual Reality Training of Laparoscopic Skills

Surgical Innovation ◽

10.1177/1553350620953030 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 155335062095303

Author(s):

Martijn P. H. van Ginkel ◽

Marlies P. Schijven ◽

Wilhelmina M. U. van Grevenstein ◽

Henk W. R. Schreuder

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Great Majority ◽

Face Validity ◽

Psychomotor Skills ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Task Time ◽

And Training

Background. To determine face and construct validity for the new Bimanual Fundamentals curriculum for the Simendo® Virtual Reality Laparoscopy Simulator and prove its efficiency as a training and objective assessment tool for surgical resident’s advanced psychomotor skills. Methods. 49 participants were recruited: 17 medical students (novices), 15 residents (intermediates), and 17 medical specialists (experts) in the field of gynecology, general surgery, and urology in 3 tertiary medical centers in the Netherlands. All participants performed the 5 exercises of the curriculum for 3 consecutive times on the simulator. Intermediates and experts filled in a questionnaire afterward, regarding the reality of the simulator and training goals of each exercise. Statistical analysis of performance was performed between novices, intermediates, and experts. Parameters such as task time, collisions/displacements, and path length right and left were compared between groups. Additionally, a total performance score was calculated for each participant. Results. Face validity scores regarding realism and training goals were overall positive (median scores of 4 on a 5-point Likert scale). Participants felt that the curriculum was a useful addition to the previous curricula and the used simulator would fit in their residency programs. Construct validity results showed significant differences on the great majority of measured parameters between groups. The simulator is able to differentiate between performers with different levels of laparoscopic experience. Conclusions. Face and construct validity for the new Bimanual Fundamental curriculum for the Simendo virtual reality simulator could be established. The curriculum is suitable to use in resident’s training programs to improve and maintain advanced psychomotor skills.

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Investigation of effect of different virtual reality environments on saccadic eye movement: Construct validity testing in healthy older adults

Gait & Posture ◽

10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.07.118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Y. Imaoka ◽

A. Flury ◽

E.D. de Bruin

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Virtual Reality ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Saccadic Eye Movement ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Validity Testing

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Validation of a Novel Virtual Reality Simulator for Robotic Surgery

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/507076 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Henk W. R. Schreuder ◽

Jan E. U. Persson ◽

Richard G. H. Wolswijk ◽

Ingmar Ihse ◽

Marlies P. Schijven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Robotic Surgery ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Face Validity ◽

Virtual Reality Simulator ◽

Training Methods ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Training Tool ◽

Training Capacity ◽

Comparative Cohort Study

Objective. With the increase in robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery there is a concomitant rising demand for training methods. The objective was to establish face and construct validity of a novel virtual reality simulator (dV-Trainer, Mimic Technologies, Seattle, WA) for the use in training of robot-assisted surgery.Methods. A comparative cohort study was performed. Participants (n=42) were divided into three groups according to their robotic experience. To determine construct validity, participants performed three different exercises twice. Performance parameters were measured. To determine face validity, participants filled in a questionnaire after completion of the exercises.Results. Experts outperformed novices in most of the measured parameters. The most discriminative parameters were “time to complete” and “economy of motion” (P<0.001). The training capacity of the simulator was rated 4.6 ± 0.5 SD on a 5-point Likert scale. The realism of the simulator in general, visual graphics, movements of instruments, interaction with objects, and the depth perception were all rated as being realistic. The simulator is considered to be a very useful training tool for residents and medical specialist starting with robotic surgery.Conclusions. Face and construct validity for the dV-Trainer could be established. The virtual reality simulator is a useful tool for training robotic surgery.

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Development and validation of a low-cost microsurgery Ear Trainer for low-resource settings

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215116008811 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 130 (10) ◽

pp. 954-961 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M P A Clark ◽

B D Westerberg ◽

J E Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Low Cost ◽

Face Validity ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Foreign Body Removal ◽

Training Tool ◽

Realistic Representation ◽

Surgery Simulator ◽

Development And Validation

AbstractObjective:Chronic suppurative otitis media is a neglected condition affecting up to 330 million people worldwide, with the burden of the disease in impoverished countries. The need for non-governmental organisations to hardwire training into their programmes has been highlighted. An ear surgery simulator appropriate for training in resource-poor settings was developed, and its effectiveness in facilitating the acquisition of headlight and microsurgical skills necessary to safely perform procedures via the ear canal was investigated.Methods:Face validity was assessed via questionnaires. Six tasks were developed: a headlight foreign body removal task, and microscope tasks of foreign body removal, ventilation tube insertion, tympanomeatal flap raising, myringoplasty and middle-ear manipulation. Participants with varying ENT experience were video-recorded performing each task and scored by a blinded expert observer to assess construct validity.Results:Face validity results confirmed that our Ear Trainer was a realistic representation of the ear. Construct validity results showed a statistically significant trend, with experts performing the best and those with limited experience performing better than novices.Conclusion:This study validates our Ear Trainer as a useful training tool for assessing headlight and microsurgical skills required to perform otological procedures.

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