scholarly journals Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) infection and amount of key defence chemicals - cyclic hydroxamic acids - of field cultivated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750
Author(s):  
Péter Makleit ◽  
Lóránt Szőke ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids

RFLP markers linked to powdery mildew resistance genes Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, and Pm4 in wheat

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Q. Ma ◽  
M. E. Sorrells ◽  
S. D. Tanksley
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) and their recurrent parent Chancellor (Cc) were used to identify restriction fragment length polymorphic markers linked to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f.sp. tritici) resistance genes Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, and Pm4 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell). By mapping these polymorphic markers in F2 progenies from crosses of the NILs with Cc, it was found that Pm1 cosegregated with a polymorphic locus detected by DNA probe CDO347; Pm2 was linked to a locus detected by probe BCD1871 with a distance of 3.5 cM; Pm3b was linked to a locus detected by probe BCD1434 with a distance of 1.3 cM; Pm4a cosegregated with Xbcd1231-2A(2) and Xcdo678-2A, and was closely flanked by Xbcd1231-2A(1) and Xbcd292-2A both with a distance of 1.5 cM. Aneuploid mapping of these markers indicated that locus Xcdo347-7A is on 7AL, Xbcd1871-5D on 5DS, Xbcd1434-1A on 1AS, and loci Xbcd292-2A and Xcdo678-2A are on 2AL. The same polymorphic fragments detected in the Pm3b NIL by Xbcd1434-1A were found in Pm3a NIL using several enzyme digestions.Key words: RFLP markers, Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, Pm4, Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f.sp. tritici (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell), gene tagging.

Karat winter wheat

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-210
Author(s):  
H. G. Nass ◽  
H. W. Johnston ◽  
E. Hansel ◽  
R. Blatt ◽  
C. Caldwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Key Words Wheat ◽  
Glume Blotch ◽  
Cultivar Description

Karat is a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) with bread making quality, high grain yield, and adequate straw strength. It is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis D.C. ex. Merat f. sp. tritici Marchal) and septoria leaf and glume blotch (caused by Septoria nodorum Berk.) and is suited for production in areas of Eastern Canada where winter survival is not a problem. Key words: Wheat (winter), cultivar description

scholarly journals Appearance of Powdery Mildew of Wheat Caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici on Pm17-Bearing Cultivars in North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1219-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cowger ◽  
R. Parks ◽  
D. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Multiple Strains ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Pm17 is a gene for resistance to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici. The gene was first confirmed in the wheat-rye translocation cultivar Amigo (1). In Amigo, the translocation is T1AL-1RS and the 1RS arm has the gene Pm17. In the mid-Atlantic United States, at least two widely deployed soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, McCormick (2) and Tribute (3), possess Pm17 inherited from Amigo. Before 2009, low frequencies of mostly intermediate virulence to Pm17 were detected among isolates from research plots of highly susceptible cultivars (4), but Pm17-bearing cultivars remained immune to mildew in the field. In April 2009, moderately severe powdery mildew was observed for the first time throughout plots of McCormick, Tribute, and other cultivars in both Kinston and Raleigh, NC. At Kinston, Pm17 virulence was observed at two research sites, separated by approximately 10 km, throughout plots of Amigo, McCormick, Tribute, and the hard red winter wheat cultivar TAM 303, which also contains Pm17. In the same month, virulence to Pm17 was observed in Raleigh throughout rows and plots of Amigo and TAM 303. In Kinston and Raleigh, ratings of powdery mildew severity on the Pm17-containing cultivars were 4 or 5 on a scale of 0 to 9, with 0 being the absence of mildew pustules and 9 the most severe mildew infection. Mildew was observed on leaves of all ages. Mildewed leaves were collected from field plots of all four Pm17-bearing cultivars, and an assay to confirm Pm17 virulence was conducted in the laboratory. Mixed-isolate cultures were derived from the leaves and a detached-leaf assay was performed using Amigo, which is the standard Pm17 differential (4). All tested cultures were fully to moderately virulent on Pm17 and all were fully virulent on the susceptible control Chancellor. In the field, chasmothecia (sexual fruiting bodies) were observed on Pm17-bearing cultivars. Together with the quantitatively varying Pm17 virulence detected in the laboratory assay, this suggests that multiple strains of Pm17-virulent B. graminis f. sp. tritici may be present in the field, although that has not yet been demonstrated. Pm17 has protected wheat from powdery mildew over a substantial area in the mid-Atlantic United States. The loss of Pm17 is the most important virulence shift in the U.S. wheat powdery mildew population since Pm4a became ineffective around 2002. Isolates virulent to Pm17 can be expected to appear and multiply in wheat-producing states of the mid-Atlantic United States, including Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. Thus, the urgency of developing and releasing wheat cultivars with other sources of effective mildew resistance is heightened. References: (1) B. Friebe et al. Euphytica 91:59, 1996. (2) C. A. Griffey et al. Crop Sci. 45:416, 2005. (3) C. A. Griffey et al. Crop Sci. 45:419, 2005. (4) R. Parks et al. Plant Dis. 92:1074, 2008.

Impact of powdery mildew on the yield of soft white spring wheat cultivars

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. D. Kuzyk ◽  
H. Su
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Soft White Spring Wheat ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The effect of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) on the grain yield and protein content of one susceptible, Springfield, and three moderately resistant cultivars, Fielder, AC Reed and AC Nanda, of soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) was examined at two field locations near Lethbridge and Vauxhall, Alberta, in 1999 and 2000. At the start of heading, powdery mildew development was suppressed in half of the plots of each cultivar by a single spray application of the fungicide Tilt (propiconazole). Severe powdery mildew infection of the susceptible cultivar Springfield resulted in yield reductions ranging from 11.4 to 19.9%. The grain yield of the moderately resistant cultivar Fielder was significantly reduced at both sites in 1999 by 7.6–10.5% while AC Reed suffered a significant yield loss (7.6–9.1%) at Lethbridge in both years. The moderately resistant cultivar AC Nanda consistently had the lowest powdery mildew ratings and its yield was unaffected by the disease. A single fungicide application prevented disease buildup on the moderately resistant cultivars, but not on Springfield. The grain protein content of the moderately resistant cultivars was unaffected by powdery mildew, but it decreased in Springfield by 0.6–0.7%. Key words: Powdery mildew, Propiconazole, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, wheat, Triticum aestivum, resistance

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