Effect of Tribulus Terrestris on Learning and Memory in Wistar Rats

Abstract Modern treatment interventions for kidney stones are wrought with side-effects, hence the need for alternative therapies such as plant-based medicines. We have previously documented through in vitro studies that statistically optimized aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae family) possesses antiurolithic and antioxidant potential. This provides strong scientific foundation to conduct in vivo efficacy and preclinical safety studies to corroborate and lend further proof to its ability to prevent and cure kidney stones. The preventive and curative urolithiatic efficacy in experimentally induced nephrolithiatic Wistar rats, along with preclinical toxicity was evaluated following oral administration of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris. Treatment showed augmented renal function, restoration of normal renal architecture and increase in body weight. Microscopic analysis of urine revealed excretion of small sized urinary crystals, demonstrating that treatment potentially modulated the morphology of renal stones. Tissue enzymatic estimation affirmed the antioxidant efficacy of treatment with reduced free radical generation. Significant upregulation of p38MAPK at both the gene and protein level was noted in hyperoxaluric group and interestingly treatment reversed it. Acute oral toxicity study established the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) by repeated oral toxicity for 28 days at 750 mg/kg b.wt. was noted. This study lends scientific evidence to the safe, preventive and curative potential of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris at a dose of 750 mg/kg b.wt. and suggests that the extract shows promise as a therapeutic antiurolithic agent.

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Effect of Gmelina arborea on learning and memory in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of albino Wistar rats

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Sori ◽

Basavaraj Poojar ◽

Nandan Hodlur ◽

Priya Gandigawad

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Intellectual Ability ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Gmelina Arborea ◽

Memory Processes ◽

Anti Oxidant

Abstract Background The brain is the centre of the nervous system in all vertebrates. The central cholinergic pathways play a prominent role in learning and memory processes. Dementia is a mental disorder characterized by the loss of intellectual ability, which invariably involves the impairment of memory. The crude extracts of the Gmelina arborea plant are reported to possess wound-healing, anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-ulcer property. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in albino Wistar rats. Methods A total of 36 healthy rats were selected for the study, which were divided in to six groups. Standard screening tests such as the elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and step-down passive avoidance (SDA) tests were used for testing the learning and memory processes. Results Gmelina arborea at higher doses (1000 mg/kg) showed statistically significant activity in EPM, MWM, and SDA tests for assessing the learning and memory paradigms when compared to the control group in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Conclusions This is the first ever study to report the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in both amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Our results show that G. arborea potentiates the processes of learning and memory. The observed pharmacological activities should be further evaluated by detailed experimental studies and revalidated by clinical trials.

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Role of Synaptic Structural Plasticity in Impairments of Spatial Learning and Memory Induced by Developmental Lead Exposure in Wistar Rats

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0115556 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e115556 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yongmei Xiao ◽

Hongjun Fu ◽

Xiaojie Han ◽

Xiaoxia Hu ◽

Huaiyu Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Spatial Learning ◽

Lead Exposure ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Structural Plasticity ◽

Spatial Learning And Memory

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Evaluation of the effect of Ferula asafoetida Linn. gum extract on learning and memory in Wistar rats

Indian Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.4103/0253-7613.91873 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Shalini Adiga ◽

Priyanka Bhat ◽

Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽

KL Bairy ◽

Shobha Kamath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Ferula Asafoetida

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PENGARUH JAMU DENGAN Tribulus terrestris TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMA TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus)

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.2.2015.8861 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Delano Pelealu ◽

Lydia Tendean ◽

Benny Wantouw

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Sperm Morphology ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Control Group ◽

Tribulus Terrestris ◽

Normal Morphology ◽

Normal Sperm ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Abstract: It is known that Tribulus terrestris can improve sperm quality. One of the Indonesian traditional medicine, jamu, contains this Tribulus terrestris. This study aimed to investigate the effect of jamu containing Tribulus terrestris on sperm quality which consisted of concentration, motility, and morphology of spermatozoa of male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was an experimental study. Nine male wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 3 rats each: Group P0 (control), group P1 (given 5 mg of Tribulus terrestris), and group P2 (given 10 mg of Tribulus terrestris). This study was conducted for 52 days. The results showed that the spermatozoa concentration of P1 was 49x106 sperm/ml suspension and of P2 53x106 sperm/ml suspension; both were lower than of P0 (59x106 sperm/ml suspension). The sperm motility category (A+B) of P1 was 33% and of P2 (37%); both were lower than of P0 (45%). The motility category A was not found in P1 and P2. The percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology of P1 was 45% and the abnormal ones was 55%, meanwhile in P2 there was 49% of normal sperm morphology and 51% of abnormal morphology. Conclusion: Jamu containing Tribulus terrestris had no effect in improvement of the sperm quality.Keywords: jamu, Tribulus terrestris, sperm qualityAbstrak: Tribulus terrestris dikenal sebagai bahan yang dapat memperbaiki kualitas sperma. Salah satu jenis jamu yang diproduksi di Indonesia mengandung Tribulus terrestris Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jamu dengan Tribulus terrestris terhadap konsentrasi, motilitas, dan morfologi spermatozoa tikus wistar jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Sampel 9 ekor tikus wistar jantan (Rattus norvegicus) dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yakni, kelompok P0 (kontrol); kelompok P1 (pemberian Tribulus terrestris 5 mg); dan kelompok P2 (pemberian Tribulus terrestris 10 mg). Penelitian dilakukan selama 52 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi spermatozoa P1 49x106 sperma/ml suspensi dan P2 53x106 sperma/ml suspensi lebih rendah dibandingkan P0 59x106 sperma/ml suspensi. Motilitas spermatozoa kategori A+B pada P1 (33%) dan P2 (37%) lebih rendah dibandingkan pada P0 (45%). Tidak ditemukan motilitas kategori A pada P1 dan P2. Morfologi spermatozoa normal pada P1 sebesar 45% dan abnormal 55%. P2 memiliki morfologi spermatozoa normal sebesar 49% dan abnormal 51%. Simpulan: Pemberian jamu dengan Tribulus terrestris tidak meningkatkan kualitas sperma yang mencakup konsentrasi, motilitas, dan morfologi spermatozoa.Kata kunci: jamu, Tribulus terrestris, kualitas sperma

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