scholarly journals Bayesian Perspective in the Selection of Bean Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Tâmara Rebecca A. de Oliveira ◽  
Moysés Nascimento ◽  
Paulo R. Santos ◽  
Kleyton Danilo S. Costa ◽  
Thalyson V. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Bayesian Procedure ◽  
R Software ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Selection Of

Changes in the relative performance of genotypes have made it necessary for more in-depth investigations to be carried out through reliable analyses of adaptability and stability. The present study was conducted to compare the efficiency of different informative priors in the Bayesian method of Eberhart & Russel with frequentist methods. Fifteen black-bean genotypes from the municipalities of Belém do São Francisco and Petrolina (PE, Brazil) were evaluated in 2011 and 2012 in a randomized-block design with three replicates. Eberhart & Russel’s methodology was applied using the GENES software and the Bayesian procedure using the R software through the MCMCregress function of the MCMCpack package. The quality of Bayesian analysis differed according to the a priori information entered in the model. The Bayesian approach using frequentist analysis had greater accuracy in the estimate of adaptability and stability, where model 1 which uses the a priori information, was the most suitable to obtain reliable estimates according to the BayesFactor function. The inference, using information from previous studies, showed to be imprecise and equivalent to the linear-model methodology. In addition, it was realized that the input of a priori information is important because it increases the quality of the adjustment of the model.

ALGORITHM FOR SELECTION OF LAUNCH ELEMENTS IN THE PRESENCE OF A PRIORI INFORMATION ABOUT ITS COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
O. I. Nemykin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Selection Of

Traditional methods of the theory of statistical solutions are developed for cases of making single-valued two-alternative or multialternative solutions about the class of an object. Assuming the possibility of ambiguous multi-alternative (in the case of solving the problem of selection of space objects of three-alternative) decisions on the classification of of space objects at the stages of the selection process, a modification of the traditional statistical decision making algorithm is required. Such a modification of the algorithm can be carried out by appropriate selection of the loss function. In the framework of the Bayes approach, an additive loss function is proposed, the structure of which takes into account a priori information on the structure and composition of launch elements in relation to the classes «Launch vehicle» and «spacecraft». The algorithm of decision making is synthesized under the conditions of a priori certainty regarding the probabilistic description of the analyzed situation. It is shown that the problem of verifying three-alternative hypotheses can be reduced to an independent verification of three two-alternative hypotheses, which makes it possible to take particular solutions in the solution process and use a different set of the signs of selection for the formation of solutions for individual classes of space objects. The peculiarities of the implementation of the selection algorithm are discussed in the presence of a priori information and measurement information on starts of a limited volume. The synthesized Bayesian decision making algorithm has the properties necessary to solve the problem of selection of space objects at launch in real conditions in the presence of measuring information specified in the form of a training sample. Its architecture allows to form unambiguous and ambiguous decisions about each space object in the launch.

scholarly journals Selection of Cowpea Lines for Multiple Traits by GYT Biplot Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Derivaldo Pureza da Cruz ◽  
Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Andréa Barros Silva Gomes ◽  
Camila Queiroz da Silva Sanfim de Sant'Anna ◽  
Lília Marques Gravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
R Software ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Of

Cowpea is an African legume that was introduced to Brazil by Portuguese settlers in the mid-16th century. The productive potential of this crop may fluctuate depending on its environment. The objective of the present study was to select cowpea lines with high grain yield coupled with other traits of agronomic interest, such as good adaptability and stability, by the GYT biplot methodology. Twelve lines were evaluated in the years 2016 and 2017 in the municipality of Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, Brazil, in a randomized-block design with four replicates and two cultivars, which were used as controls. The following variables were evaluated: number of days to flowering, final stand, crop value, lodging, pod weight, pod length, seed number per pod, seed weight per pod, 100-seed weight (100SW), and grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed and GYT biplots were constructed using R software and the ggplot2 package. The GYT biplot graph analysis allowed for the selection of superior cowpea genotypes. In the combinations of traits observed, lines L1, L3, L5, L6, L8, and L9 were superior and cultivar Imponente stood out as one of the controls. The yield combinations GY*CV, GY*NDF, GY*LDG, GY*CV, GY*PW, GY*SNP and GY*P100G were positively correlated with each other but showed negative to highly negative correlations with GY*SWP and GY*TS.

MEASUREMENT AS ABDUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Roman Z. Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problems ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
The Core ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Resolution Spectrometer ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract It is argued, in this paper, that the core operation underlying any measurement – the inverse modelling under uncertainty – is equivalent to quantitative abductive reasoning which consists in the selection of the best estimate of a measurand (i.e. a quantity to be measured) in a set of admissible solutions, using a priori information: (i) on the measurand, (ii) on the measuring system coupled with an object under measurement, and (iii) on the influence of the environment including the user of the measurement results. There are two key premises of this claim: a systematic interpretation of measurement in terms of inverse problems, proposed earlier by the author, and a logical link between inverse problems and abduction, identified by the Finnish philosopher of science Ilkka Niiniluoto. The title claim of this paper is illustrated with an expanded example of measuring optical spectrum by means of a low-resolution spectrometer.

scholarly journals Generation of a Bending Angle Radio Occultation Climatology (BAROCLIM) and its use in radio occultation retrievals

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 8193-8231 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Scherllin-Pirscher ◽  
S. Syndergaard ◽  
U. Foelsche ◽  
K. B. Lauritsen
Keyword(s):  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Bending Angle ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Global Statistics ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Bending Angles

Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a bending angle radio occultation climatology (BAROCLIM) based on Formosat-3/COSMIC (F3C) data. This climatology represents the monthly-mean atmospheric state from 2006 to 2012. Bending angles from radio occultation (RO) measurements are obtained from the accumulation of the change in the raypath direction of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. Best quality of these near-vertical profiles is found from the middle troposphere up to the mesosphere. Beside RO bending angles we also use data from the Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter Radar (MSIS) model to expand BAROCLIM in a spectral model, which (theoretically) reaches from the surface up to infinity. Due to the very high quality of BAROCLIM up to the mesosphere, it can be used to detect deficiencies in current state-of-the-art analysis and reanalysis products from numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers. For bending angles derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis fields from 2006 to 2012, e.g., we find a positive bias of 0.5% to % at 40 km, which increases to more than 2% at 50 km. BAROCLIM can also be used as a priori information in RO profile retrievals. In contrast to other a priori information (i.e., MSIS) we find that the use of BAROCLIM better preserves the mean of raw RO measurements. Global statistics of statistically optimized bending angle and refractivity profiles also confirm that BAROCLIM outperforms MSIS. These results clearly demonstrate the utility of BAROCLIM.

scholarly journals Generation of a bending angle radio occultation climatology (BAROCLIM) and its use in radio occultation retrievals

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Scherllin-Pirscher ◽  
S. Syndergaard ◽  
U. Foelsche ◽  
K. B. Lauritsen
Keyword(s):  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Bending Angle ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Global Statistics ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Bending Angles

Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a bending angle radio occultation climatology (BAROCLIM) based on Formosat-3/COSMIC (F3C) data. This climatology represents the monthly-mean atmospheric state from 2006 to 2012. Bending angles from radio occultation (RO) measurements are obtained from the accumulation of the change in the raypath direction of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. Best quality of these near-vertical profiles is found from the middle troposphere up to the mesosphere. Beside RO bending angles we also use data from the Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter Radar (MSIS) model (modified for RO purposes) to expand BAROCLIM in a spectral model, which (theoretically) reaches from the surface up to infinity. Due to the very high quality of BAROCLIM up to the mesosphere, it can be used to detect deficiencies in current state-of-the-art analysis and reanalysis products from numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers. For bending angles derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis fields from 2006 to 2012, e.g., we find a positive bias of 0.5 to 1% at 40 km, which increases to more than 2% at 50 km. BAROCLIM can also be used as a priori information in RO profile retrievals. In contrast to other a priori information (i.e., MSIS) we find that the use of BAROCLIM better preserves the mean of raw RO measurements. Global statistics of statistically optimized bending angle and refractivity profiles also confirm that BAROCLIM outperforms MSIS. These results clearly demonstrate the utility of BAROCLIM.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF USING THE METHOD OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL ANALOGIES FOR SECURING INDUSTRIAL ASSIMILATION OF COAL DEPOSITS BY UNDERGROUND MINING

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Мохов
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Scientific Base

Ведущей причиной низкого качества прогнозов гидрогеологических условий и последствий освоения угольных залежей подземным способом служит трансформация гидродинамических характеристик и фильтрационной структуры массива в ходе сдвижения горного массива и под влиянием затопления горных выработок. Наиболее эффективным способом разработки прогнозов является использование метода гидрогеологических аналогий. На основе обобщения значительного и разнопланового материала эксплуатации развита научная основа для его применения.  Выявлена аттрактивность ряда гидродинамически значимых последствий трансформации горного массива под влиянием указанных техногенных воздействий, определен ряд аттракторов, что позволяет использовать априорную информацию для целей гидрогеологического прогнозирования на основе минимума геологоразведочных данных. The leading cause of low quality of forecasts of hydrogeological conditions and consequences of the underground coal deposits assimilation is transformation of hydrodynamic characteristics and filtration structure of the mass in the course of rock mass subsidence and under influence of mine workings flooding. The most effective way of the forecasts development is using of the method of hydrogeological analogies. The scientific base for its using has been developed on the foundation of generalization of significant and multilateral material on exploitation. The attractivity of a number of hydrogeologically significant consequences of the rock mass transformation under influence of appointed technogenous impacts is revealed, a number of attractors is determined, what allows to use an a priori information for purposes of hydrogeological forecasting on the base of minimal geologicalprospecting data

scholarly journals KUALITAS SEMEN CAIR SAPI SIMENTAL MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN ISOTONIS KOMERSIAL PADA KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Bayu Anke Mardian ◽  
Zumarni Zumarni ◽  
Anwar Effendi Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Isotonic Solution ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Selection Of

Artificial insemination (AI) is a technique to insert the sperm or semen of bull thawed and processed first into the genital tract of female methods and a special tool called insemination gun, efforts to optimize the management of the cement in order to obtain the quality of cement is optimal to do with the selection of diluent cement. One alternative materials cement diluent is an isotonic solution Commercial (LIK). This study aimed to examine the interaction between the concentration and duration of storage of diluent solution isotonic different to the quality of spermatozoa cow simental. This research was conducted at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of Artificial Insemination Centres (UPTD BIB) Tuah Sakato, Payakumbuh. In April 2016. This study used a randomized block design (RAK) factorial design to Factor A (Concentration LIK) ie A1 = 100 ml Tris Egg Yolk, A2 = (60 ml) Tris Egg Yolk + (40 ml) LIK, A3 = (55 ml) Tris Egg Yolk + (45 ml) LIK, A4 = (50 ml) Tris Egg Yolk + (50 ml) LIK, and factor B (retention) is B1 = 0 day, B2 = 1, B3 = 2 day, days, B4 = 3 days. Each treatment consists of three replicates. Parameters measured were motility, percentage of survival, abrnormalitas, and MPU. These results indicate that an isotonic solution can be used as an alternative Commercial diluent with the best results on the percentage LIK 40 ml, but the effectiveness of the efficiency of storage use was only on the first day (24 hours).

scholarly journals Efek Sterilisasi dan Komposisi Media Produksi Inokulan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula terhadap Kolonisasi Akar, Panjang Akar dan Bobot Kering Akar Sorgum

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1205 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Tarra Martiana Dewi ◽  
Anne Nurbaity ◽  
Pujawati Suryatmana ◽  
Emma Trinurani Sofyan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Colonisation ◽  
Green House ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Selection Of

Quality of biofertilizer such as arbuscular myorrhizal fungi could be improved through the selection of appropriate sterilization and composition of the medium. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of sterilization and carrier composition on root colonisation, root length and weight of sorghum root. A green house experiment was conducted in randomized block design. The factors were: 1. methods of sterilization (ie. control; autoclave; NaOCl 10%; Co-60 gamma irradiation), and 2. composition of the carrier of mycorrhiza (100% zeolite; 75% zeolite + 25% rice charcoal;  50% zeolite + 50% rice charcoal). Results showed that there was no interaction effect of sterilization and composition of carrier on root colonisation, root length and weight of sorghum root. However, different technique of sterilisation gave differences on root colonisation, root length and weight of sorghum root. Sterilization using NaOCl 10% was not recommended. Gamma Co-60 irradiation sterilization did not have difference with control and autoclave, however there was  tendency  that irradiation technique gave better results to all parameters measured.

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