scholarly journals The Human Security Dimension of China’s Belt and Road Initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Dellios ◽  
R. James Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
Regional Strategy ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Cultural Inclusiveness

Despite the geopolitical calculations associated with China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and how this will allow Beijing greater influence in transregional relations, the human security dimension goes to the heart of China’s wider regional strategy. The importance of development cannot be understated even as the “rise of China” attracts the headlines. How well Beijing can engage wider human security concerns will be crucial for the success of this megaproject. It is argued that the human security aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative requires a stronger ethical base—one which draws on China’s own Confucian heritage. This allows for both cultural inclusiveness and the promotion of higher levels of trust towards Beijing’s policies and intentions.

scholarly journals Rise of China’s Developmental Peace: Prospects for Asian Hybrid Peacebuilding

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-157
Author(s):  
KwokChung Wong ◽  
Fujian Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
International Peacebuilding ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Liberal Peacebuilding

AbstractThe rise of China represents an increase not only in Chinese military, political and economic power, but also in Chinese interests in becoming a more proactive player in the field of international peacebuilding, particularly in Asia, where it aims to protect stability and enhance the scope of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). However, without a clear peacebuilding policy at home, China is not adopting a systematic and unified approach to peacebuilding despite its developmental peace having many traits that resemble the pursuit of hybrid peacebuilding that other major actors in the field have adopted to address the shortcomings of liberal peacebuilding. Asia is a conflict-prone region. This chapter examines the practice of developmental peace in Myanmar and Afghanistan/Pakistan to demonstrate the potential for peacebuilding with Chinese characteristics. The rise of China also brings an interesting style of peacebuilding that is focused on addressing conflict through economic development, while upholding the host country’s sovereign rights.

scholarly journals China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Global Politics and Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hoque ◽  
Riffat Ara Zannat Tama
Keyword(s):  
Development Project ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
International Issues ◽  
The Rise Of China

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a global infrastructure development project that ambitiously aims to connect Asia with European and African continents through land and sea corridors. China adopted this gigantic game-changing master plan in 2013 and spurred much speculation among scholars and policymakers worldwide. This article investigates the development of the project through the lens of global political geography and economy. From an international relations perspective, the author consults relevant pieces of literature and focuses on the international issues and events concerning the development of the project using concepts of ideas, interests, and institutions within the scope of geopolitics and political economy. The analysis is performed by reviewing critical events and arguments related to the ideas, interests and institutions evolving around the implementation of BRI. Drawing from the analysis, the author argues that the rise of China as a dominant global superpower largely depends on the success of the BRI, and this initiative will continue to generate politics among the international actors, multinational entities, and institutions. Despite widespread speculations, the project poses a substantive threat to the USA’s global dominance and is likely to create more global development cooperation under Chinese leadership and vision.

China

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-168
Author(s):  
John R. Allen ◽  
F. Ben Hodges ◽  
Julian Lindley-French
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Transatlantic Relationship ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Eu

What threat does China pose to Europe’s future defence? The US has long been a ‘European’ actor; China is fast becoming one. The impact of the irresistible rise of China on Europe’s future defence will be profound post-COVID-19. Most notably, China is imposing a form of ‘imperial overstretch’ on the US, forcing it to make choices of weakness. China is also a Jekyll and Hyde—both constructive and invasive. COVID-19 has revealed the extent to which China seeks to exploit globalization/Chinaization to impose its will. The Belt and Road Initiative and the indebtedness of many European states already enables China to exert its influence through those states on the EU, NATO, and the transatlantic relationship. As such, the rise of China is the biggest single geopolitical change factor to impact Europe’s defence since 1939. It also implies a nightmare in which China and Russia join forces to weaken the Americans by creating simultaneous chaos the world over, rendering European defence incapable at a time and place of Beijing and Moscow’s choosing.

scholarly journals CPEC: The U.S. Stance and its Impact on Pakistan-U.S. Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Nayyer Iqbal ◽  
Umbreen Javaid
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Added Salt

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a cluster of infrastructure-build-up projects for Pakistan with Chinese assistance was signed in 2013. The Rise of China had kept the U.S. perturbed for the last two decades, however its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) added salt to injury. The U.S. expressed its displeasure over CPEC, its policy makers gradually started bracketing Pakistan with China. At a juncture, when the U.S. was already unhappy with Pakistan due to numerous Afghanistan- related developments, its serious discomfort with CPEC impacted the bilateral relations considerably. The U.S. has been close to Pakistan since its independence particularly during Afghan War and War on Terror both economically and militarily. Similarly, China is an all-weather friend and natural strategic ally against India. The CPEC-oriented grudge has brought the U.S. closer to India which is a serious concern for Islamabad. The question of balancing relations between U.S. and China perplexes Pakistan policymakers.

Confucian geopolitics or Chinese geopolitics?

2021 ◽  
pp. 204382062110177
Author(s):  
Weidong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Cultural Project ◽  
Contemporary Chinese ◽  
The Belt And Road

There has been a wave of discourses about Chinese geopolitics along with the quick rise of China, particularly with the Belt and Road Initiative and recent rivalry between the US and China. An et al.’s (2021) ‘Towards a Confucian Geopolitics’ opens a new door to such discourses. While welcoming the notion of hybrid Confucian geopolitics proposed by their article, this commentary raises several critical questions. These questions concern whether everything about China should be interpreted through geopolitical reasoning, whether Confucianism is fundamental and deterministic in contemporary Chinese culture, what is really special to new Chinese geopolitics if anything, and whether China’s Belt and Road Initiative can be understood as a cultural project. Answers to these questions may help to consolidate a new Chinese geopolitics.

The Rise of China and the Indo-Pacific

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-161
Author(s):  
Timothy Doyle ◽  
Dennis Rumley
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Minister ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Rise Of China

This chapter presents an overview and critical analysis of the nature of the rise of China and its geopolitical and geo-economic implications for the Indo-Pacific region. The chapter is in six parts—China’s inexorable rise; China’s reform agenda; China’s regional trade relationships; China’s Belt and Road Initiative; the South China Sea dispute; and the future for a risen China. It is argued that the Indo-Pacific concept has little if any relevance in the conduct of current or future Chinese foreign policy. Indeed, at an annual media conference in Beijing in 2018 the Chinese foreign minister, Wang Yi, reportedly mocked the US–Australia preference for describing the Asia-Pacific region as the ‘Indo-Pacific’ as an example of attention grabbing. Rather, China has proposed a reform strategy for relations among great powers which emphasizes a more equal relationship with the US and the need for a balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region.

scholarly journals Situating Petrostate Guyana in the Rise of China Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
International System ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
The Rise Of China

By examining the Sino-Guyanese relationship and China’s parastatal involvement in Guyana, this paper seeks to demonstrate that the former’s potential for upending conventional geopolitical realities in Latin America and the Caribbean are overstated. As Western public concern regarding the perils of a China to the international order grows, the case of Guyana draws attention to China’s still deepening integration within the neoliberal global economy. Guyana’s historic relationship with China, geostrategic location as a Belt and Road Initiative partner country, and the recent emergence of the Guyana Basin as an energy nexus, suggests its importance as a bellwether of China’s presence in the region. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, assumptions regarding China’s re-emergence in the global order are being overturned frequently. It remains unclear what impact contemporary socio-economic, political, or ecological instabilities will have on a realignment of the incumbent international system, the need for nuanced and novel approaches for assessing the agency of a risen China is unequivocal.

scholarly journals THE SINO-WESTERN BALKANS RELATIONS WITHIN "BELT AND ROAD" INITIATIVE AMIDST THE WORLD’S GRAPPLING WITH THE RISE OF CHINA

TEME ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Sanja Arezina
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
The One ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Sino-Western Balkans cooperation has advanced significantly since the Great Recession and the Eurozone crisis. Relations were developed at the bilateral and multilateral levels, within the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative (Belt and Road Initiative – BRI) which was promoted in 2013 and which included the previously established Mechanism of Cooperation between China and the Central and Eastern European Countries ("17+1" Mechanism). Although the Chinese President Xi Jinping called BRI a "project of the century" in 2017, new international circumstances caused by the intensified the Sino-US rivalry and the COVID-19 pandemic made the Chinese leadership reconsider activities and funding abroad, and adjust the new 14th Five-Year Plan with changes that have taken place in the past five years. They decided that China will focus on "dual circulation" in the coming period, i.e. to reduce the numerous activities and investments (and loans) within the BRI, and to redirect funds to investing in domestic capacities. In this article, the author discusses the China-Western Balkans relations from 1949 until 2013 when the BRI implementation started, the factors influencing China’s cooperation with the Western Balkans and analyzes the progress of cooperation after the start of the BRI implementation compared to the previous period. In order to prove the basic hypothesis, that Sino-Western Balkan cooperation within the "Belt and Road" Initiative will continue to develop in a positive direction, despite the influence of negative factors, and above all due to the good results achieved within the "Belt and Road" Initiative in 2013, the author uses the structural-functional analysis, comparative analysis, induction and deduction.

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