scholarly journals Marine Protected Areas in Peninsular Malaysia: Shifting from Political Process to Co-Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Mohd Ashraf Abdul Rahman ◽  
Farahdilah Ghazali ◽  
Mohd Hazmi Mohd Rusli ◽  
Nazli Aziz ◽  
Wan Izatul Asma Wan Talaat
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Management Approach

Since fishing is a primary source of income to the coastal communities, conservation of marine natural resources is crucial to safeguard its sustainable supply. Therefore, intensive measures should be taken by all the stakeholders – from the authorities to the local fishermen. The precious coral reefs should be protected as important breeding habitat of various commercially valued species of marine resources and. Thus, in carrying out the political process of designating marine protected areas (MPAs) as marine parks, the local communities must also be engaged by the government due to their proximity to and dependency on the environment as direct resources users. Co-management or collaborative management by engaging the local communities, or community-based management, is the concept that could be able to remedy ineffective MPAs management in Peninsular Malaysia. Co-management or collaborative management approach between the authorities and the communities must be strategised by factoring in their local knowledge of living within and off the marine environment and resources. This study utilises content analysis method on the primary data, namely the national policies, federal acts, and state enactments. While the secondary data in form of official reports, scholarly articles and others deemed relevant are used to supplement and support the findings. This paper dwells on the possibility of shifting the process of MPAs designation from political process to co-management in Peninsular Malaysia, in order to achieve both environmental stability and the livelihood sustainability of the local communities.

Characterising essential breeding habitat for whales informs the development of large-scale Marine Protected Areas in the South Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Lindsay ◽  
R Constantine ◽  
J Robbins ◽  
DK Mattila ◽  
A Tagarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Marine Protected Areas, Multiple-Agency Management, and Monumental Surprise in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Kittinger ◽  
Anne Dowling ◽  
Andrew R. Purves ◽  
Nicole A. Milne ◽  
Per Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Governance Arrangement ◽  
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Agency Management ◽  
Multiple Agency

Large, regional-scale marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks face different challenges in governance systems than locally managed or community-based MPAs. An emerging theme in large-scale MPA management is the prevalence of governance structures that rely on institutional collaboration, presenting new challenges as agencies with differing mandates and cultures work together to implement ecosystem-based management. We analyzed qualitative interview data to investigate multi-level social interactions and institutional responses to the surprise establishment of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (monument) in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The governance arrangement for the monument represents a new model in US MPA management, requiring two federal agencies and the State of Hawai‘i to collaboratively manage the NWHI. We elucidate the principal barriers to institutional cotrusteeship, characterize institutional transformations that have occurred among the partner agencies in the transition to collaborative management, and evaluate the governance arrangement for the monument as a model for MPAs. The lessons learned from the NWHI governance arrangement are critical as large-scale MPAs requiring multiple-agency management become a prevalent feature on the global seascape.

Threat reduction assessment of conventional and community-based conservation approaches to managing protected areas in Uganda

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR R. MUGISHA ◽  
SUSAN K. JACOBSON
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Management Approaches

Loss of wildlife, encroachment on wild lands and conflicts between protected areas and neighbouring communities continue to threaten the integrity of protected areas (PAs) in Uganda. To increase support from local communities and ensure long-term sustainability for Uganda's PAs, a policy of community-based conservation was introduced in 1988 as a management approach in seven PAs. The effectiveness of the community-based approach for reducing threats was compared to conventional PA management by conducting a threat reduction assessment at 16 PAs, seven with community-based approaches and nine without. Additional data collected using document reviews, interviews with government officials, and surveys of PA wardens were compared with the threat reduction assessments. Twenty-three primary threats were identified at PAs. Local game poaching was the most common threat. The threat reduction assessment indices of community-based PAs (mean=49.0±12) were not significantly different from those of conventional PAs (mean=37.96±21.6). Some specific threats, such as bush burning, logging, encroachment and unclear boundaries, seemed to be better mitigated at community-based PAs. Management approaches at all PAs mitigated fewer than half of the identified threats. Management approaches are needed that directly target PA threats, go beyond PA boundaries by involving additional government departments, link people's livelihoods to conservation efforts and strengthen PA institutions.

scholarly journals The Nishorgo Support Project, the Lawachara National Park, and the Chevron seismic survey: forest conservation or energy procurement in Bangladesh?

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tanzimuddin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Critical Moment ◽  
Municipal Law

The paper focuses on the operation of a forest conservation project, the USAID-funded Nishorgo Support Project, and its operations in the Lawachhara National Park, Srimangal, Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh. The project has instituted a collaborative management approach. The participants include both state and non-state actors including the Bangladesh Government, the USAID, IUCN, NGOs, and local communities. In 2008 Chevron conducted a seismic survey for natural gas in the National Park, which violated municipal law. This placed the Nishorgo Project in a dilemma over its declared goal of forest conservation versus the interest of the state and Chevron in harnessing gas. This article analyses the interplay of the actors surrounding this critical moment, and argues the officially declared values, norms, and ideational elements guiding the project should be questioned. In establishing this argument, this paper uses the concept of "accountability communities" coined by Kanishka Jayasurya.Key words: Accountability communities, co-management approach, Nishorgo Project, Chevron, USAID, conservation, participation, governance. 

“Bottom-up management approach to coastal marine protected areas in Portugal”

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ferreira ◽  
Sónia Seixas ◽  
João Carlos Marques
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Coastal Marine

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS ZONASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN KARANG DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN SELAT DAMPIER, RAJA AMPAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Frensly Demianus Hukom ◽  
Fredinad D.G. Yulianda ◽  
Bengen M.M. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Core Zone ◽  
The Core

Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah (KKPD) ditetapkan untuk berbagai tujuan, termasuk melindungi spesies dan habitat laut, melestarikan keanekaragaman hayati laut, memulihkan stok perikanan, mengelola kegiatan pariwisata, dan meminimalkan konflik di antara beragam pengguna sumber daya. Oleh karena itu, timbul pertanyaan apakah pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah (KKPD) di Selat Dampier Raja Ampat telah dilakukan secara efektif untuk memperoleh hasil yang berkelanjutan serta meningkatkan status sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang ada di kawasan tersebut.Analisis penerapan zonasi dalam pengelolaan kawasan konservasi laut Selat Dampier diukur dengan memetakan kelimpahan dan biomasa ikan karang, memotret persepsi nelayan tentang zonasi serta menilai tingkat kepatuhan nelayan pada batas-batas zonasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan konservasi Selat Dampir, Kabupaten Raja Ampat, Provinsi Papua Barat, antara November 2016 dan Oktober 2017. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode survei, termasuk data primer dan sekunder. Metode transek sabuk, dilakukan pada kedalaman 3 m, digunakan untuk mengukur kelimpahan dan biomasa ikan. Responden adalah nelayan terumbu karang yang tinggal di Desa Saonek, Desa Yenbuba, Desa Friwen dan Desa Arborek. Data sekunder diperoleh dari beberapa sumber (Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten, BPS, jurnal ilmiah, dan laporan penelitian). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan metode tabulasi silang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem zonasi pada pengelolaan kawasan konservasi di perairan Selat Dampier, Raja Ampat dapat dikatakan cukup efektif terlihat dari kelimpahan ikan dan biomasa yang cukup tinggi pada zona inti dan zona wisata (sebagai Daerah Perlindungan Laut/DPL) dimana pada kedua zona tersebut nilainya 1.5 sampai 2 kali dibandingkan dengan zona perikanan (Non DPL). Rata-rata tingkat kesadaran dan kepatuhan nelayan untuk tidak melakukan penangkapan ikan di daerah zona inti dan zona wisata cukup tinggi yakni 95%, Persepsi sebagian besar nelayan mengekspresikan kesadaran lingkungan dan pengetahuan yang baik tentang kawasan konservasi.Title: EFEKTIVITAS ZONASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN  PERIKANAN KARANG DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN  SELAT DAMPIER, RAJA AMPAT Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are defined for various purposes, including to protect marine species and habitats, to conserve marine biodiversity, to restore fishery stocks, to manage tourism activities, and to minimize conflicts among diverse resource users. Therefore, question arises whether there has been effective management of the Marine protected Area in the Raja Ampat Dampier Strait in order to achieve sustainable results and improve the socio-economic status of its society. Analysis of the zoning system in the management of the Dampier Strait was measured by mapping the abundance and biomass of reef fish, capturing fishers’ perception towards zoning and assessing the level of fishers’ compliance at zoning boundaries. This research was conducted in the Dampir Strait conservation area, Raja Ampat District, West Papua Province, from November 2016 to October 2017. Primary and secondary data were collected through surveys. The belt transect method was carried out to a depth of 3 m to measure the abundance and biomass of fish. Primary data were collected from coral reef fishers living in Saonek Village, Yenbuba Village, Friwen Village and Arborek Village. Secondary data were taken from several sources (District Fisheries Service, BPS, scientific journals, and research reports). Data were analyzed descriptively and cross tabulated method. The results showed that the zoning system was effective to manage the conservation areas in the Dampier Strait waters, Raja Ampat since there are abundance of fish and high biomass in the core zone and tourist zo9ne (as Marine Protected Areas) with 1.5 to 2 times amount compared with the fisheries zone (Non DPL). The average level of awareness and average compliance of fishers to prevent themselves from fishing activities in the core zone and tourism zone is 95 %. Most fishers express high environmental awareness and good knowledge toward conservation areas.

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