scholarly journals Food Grade Ethanol Production Process of Sorghum Stem Juice Using Immobilized Cells Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Widjaja ◽  
Ali Altway ◽  
Arief Widjaja ◽  
Umi Rofiqah ◽  
Rr Whiny Hardiyati Erlian
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Continuous Fermentation ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Food Grade

One form of economic development efforts for waste utilization in rural communities is to utilize stem sorghum to produce food grade ethanol. Sorghum stem juice with 150 g/L of sugar concentration was fermented using conventional batch process and cell immobilization continuous process with K-carrageenan as a supporting matrix. The microorganism used was Mutated Zymomonas Mobilis to be compared with a mixture of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Pichia Stipitis, and a mixture of Mutated Zymomonas Mobilis and Pichia Stipitis. Ethanol in the broth, result of fermentation process, was separated in packed distillation column. Distilate of the column, still contain water and other impurities, was flown into molecular sieve for dehydration and activated carbon adsorption column to remove the other impurities to meet food grade ethanol specification. The packing used in distillation process was steel wool. For batch fermentation, the fermentation using a combination of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Pichia Stipitis produced the best ethanol with 12.07% of concentration, where the yield and the productivity were 63.49%, and 1.06 g/L.h, respectively. And for continuous fermentation, the best ethanol with 9.02% of concentration, where the yield and the productivity were 47.42% and 174.27 g/L.h, respectively, is obtained from fermentation using a combination of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Pichia Stipitis also. Fermentation using combination microorganism of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Pichia Stipitis produced higher concentration of ethanol, yield, and productivity than other microorganisms. Distillation, molecular sieve dehydration and adsorption process is quite successful in generating sufficient levels of ethanol with relatively low amount of impurities.

scholarly journals Ethanol Production from Nondetoxified Dilute-Acid Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate by Cocultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5 and Pichia stipitis CBS6054

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wan ◽  
Dongmei Zhai ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Xiushan Yang ◽  
Shen Tian
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysate ◽  
Issatchenkia Orientalis ◽  
Final Ethanol Concentration

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5 (CGMCC no. 2660) and Issatchenkia orientalis Y4 (CGMCC no. 2159) were combined individually with Pichia stipitis CBS6054 to establish the cocultures of Y5 + CBS6054 and Y4 + CBS6054. The coculture Y5 + CBS6054 effectively metabolized furfural and HMF and converted xylose and glucose mixture to ethanol with ethanol concentration of 16.6 g/L and ethanol yield of 0.46 g ethanol/g sugar, corresponding to 91.2% of the maximal theoretical value in synthetic medium. Accordingly, the nondetoxified dilute-acid hydrolysate was used to produce ethanol by co-culture Y5 + CBS6054. The co-culture consumed glucose along with furfural and HMF completely in 12 h, and all xylose within 96 h, resulting in a final ethanol concentration of 27.4 g/L and ethanol yield of 0.43 g ethanol/g sugar, corresponding to 85.1% of the maximal theoretical value. The results indicated that the co-culture of Y5 + CBS6054 was a satisfying combination for ethanol production from non-detoxified dilute-acid lignocellulosic hydrolysates. This co-culture showed a promising prospect for industrial application.

Comparison of Bacterial and Yeast Ethanol Fermentation Yield from Rice Straw

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2541-2544
Author(s):  
Benjarat Laobussararak ◽  
Warawut Chulalaksananukul ◽  
Orathai Chavalparit
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Pretreatment Condition ◽  
Theoretical Yield

This study was to investigate the fermentation of rice straw using various microorganisms, i.e., the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis, a distillery yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a co-culture of Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rice straw was pretreated with alkaline and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase before fermentation by the bacterium and a distillery yeast. Results show that alkali pretreatment is appropriate for rice straw since this pretreatment condition can produce the maximum cellulose of 88.96% and reducing sugar content of 9.18 g/l. Furthermore, the ethanol yield after enzymatic hydrolysis (expressed as % theoretical yield) was 15.94-19.73% for the bacterium, 20.48-35.70% for yeast and 21.56-29.89% for co-culture. Therefore, the distillery yeast was a suitable microorganism for ethanol production from rice straw.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Xylose Fermentation by Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Carrying XYL1, XYL2, andXKS1 in Mineral Medium Chemostat Cultures

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3381-3386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Eliasson ◽  
Camilla Christensson ◽  
C. Fredrik Wahlbom ◽  
Bärbel Hahn-Hägerdal
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Xylose Reductase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Chemostat Cultures ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Yields

ABSTRACT For ethanol production from lignocellulose, the fermentation of xylose is an economic necessity. Saccharomyces cerevisiaehas been metabolically engineered with a xylose-utilizing pathway. However, the high ethanol yield and productivity seen with glucose have not yet been achieved. To quantitatively analyze metabolic fluxes in recombinant S. cerevisiae during metabolism of xylose-glucose mixtures, we constructed a stable xylose-utilizing recombinant strain, TMB 3001. The XYL1 and XYL2genes from Pichia stipitis, encoding xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), respectively, and the endogenousXKS1 gene, encoding xylulokinase (XK), under control of thePGK1 promoter were integrated into the chromosomalHIS3 locus of S. cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7A. The strain expressed XR, XDH, and XK activities of 0.4 to 0.5, 2.7 to 3.4, and 1.5 to 1.7 U/mg, respectively, and was stable for more than 40 generations in continuous fermentations. Anaerobic ethanol formation from xylose by recombinant S. cerevisiae was demonstrated for the first time. However, the strain grew on xylose only in the presence of oxygen. Ethanol yields of 0.45 to 0.50 mmol of C/mmol of C (0.35 to 0.38 g/g) and productivities of 9.7 to 13.2 mmol of C h−1 g (dry weight) of cells−1 (0.24 to 0.30 g h−1 g [dry weight] of cells−1) were obtained from xylose-glucose mixtures in anaerobic chemostat cultures, with a dilution rate of 0.06 h−1. The anaerobic ethanol yield on xylose was estimated at 0.27 mol of C/(mol of C of xylose) (0.21 g/g), assuming a constant ethanol yield on glucose. The xylose uptake rate increased with increasing xylose concentration in the feed, from 3.3 mmol of C h−1 g (dry weight) of cells−1 when the xylose-to-glucose ratio in the feed was 1:3 to 6.8 mmol of C h−1 g (dry weight) of cells−1 when the feed ratio was 3:1. With a feed content of 15 g of xylose/liter and 5 g of glucose/liter, the xylose flux was 2.2 times lower than the glucose flux, indicating that transport limits the xylose flux.

Immobilized Methods and Application of Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Jian Ping Zhou ◽  
Zhi Ye Wang
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Continuous Fermentation ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
I Cells ◽  
Electronic Microscope ◽  
Ca Alginate

The study was to find low costs and superior performance immobilized carrier for microorganism cells using in industry. Ca-alginate , Agar , Gelatin-glutaraldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were investigated to immobilize Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, and immobilized cells’ production capacity for ethanol, contents of ethanol and mechanical strength were also studied. Then, optical microscope picture and scanning electronic microscope pictures were given to research its microenvironment. Finally, Batch and Continuous fermentation with PVA immbiolized Saccharomyces cerevisiae were experimented. The PVA immobilized method is the best in the four methods with concentration of 8%, microscopic observation also offered a proof that PVA material was fit for immobilizing cells with the traits of polycellular and reticulate. At last, the production capacity for ethanol and reactivity were superior to free cells in batch and continuous fermentation. This research could provide important information on the commercial utilization immobilized-cells for biotransformation.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION BY USING Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Meyen ex E.C. Hansen] IMMOBILIZED ON PRETREATED SUGARCANE BAGASSE

REAKTOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Heris Anita ◽  
Wibowo Mangunwardoyo ◽  
Yopi Yopi
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Biocatalyst ◽  
Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse

Pretreated of sugarcane bagasse was used as a carrier for immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pretreatments were carried out by steaming, pressurized steam, and combination both of procedure.  The objectives of this research was to investigate the effect of pretreatment on sugarcane bagasse to cells adsorption and bioethanol production.  Immobilization process was conducted in a ratio of 2.5 g carrier/50 mL cell suspension.  Whole cell biocatalyst as much as 1% (w/v) was used as inoculum for bioethanol fermentation.  The best pretreated sugarcane bagasse for carrier of immobilized cells was obtained using steam treatment for 30 minutes.  Those treatment improved the physical properties of carrier and increased the cell retention up to 10.05 mg/g.  The use of whole cell biocatalyst after steaming pretreatment also enhanced ethanol yield 1.5 times higher than control. Keywords: bioethanol; immobilization; pretreatment; steam treatment; sugarcane bagasse

scholarly journals Bioethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia stipitis and Zymomonas mobilis from delignified coconut fibre mature and lignin extraction according to biorefinery concept

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Avelino Gonçalves ◽  
Héctor A. Ruiz ◽  
Everaldo Silvino dos Santos ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Lignin Extraction ◽  
Coconut Fibre

scholarly journals PERBAIKAN BIOPROSES UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI MOLASE TEBU / Bioprocess Improvement for Enhanching Bioethanol Production of Sugarcane Molase

Perspektif ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Suminar Diyah Nugraheni ◽  
Mastur Mastur
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Continuous Fermentation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Fermentation Method ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Microbial Productivity ◽  
Continuous Use

<p align="center">ABSTRAK </p><p>Bioetanol merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang strategis untuk dikembangkan. Salah satu substrat yang menjanjikan untuk digunakan adalah molase.  Molase merupakan hasil samping industri gula kristal tebu yang masih  mengandung gula yaitu sekitar 45-54,6%.  Bioetanol dari molase tebu  berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena sangat menguntungkan, pasokan cukup besar, tersedianya teknologi proses, serta tidak bersaing dengan pangan. Tulisan ini mengulas hasil-hasil penelitian dan implikasinya tentang bahan baku, proses, lingkungan yang berpengaruh serta strategi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bioetanol dari molase tebu melalui rekayasa proses fermentasi. Pada pembuatan etanol, fermentasi merupakan proses yang memegang peranan penting.  Pengaturan lingkungan fermentasi seperti suhu, pH, dan tekanan berpengaruh terhadap bioproses dalam fermentasi.  Begitu pula penambahan bahan suplemen seperti gula, garam, dan ion logam menurut jenis dan konsentrasi yang tepat juga dapat mengoptimalkan proses fermentasi.  Selain pengelolaan lingkungan dan penambahan bahan suplemen<span style="text-decoration: underline;">, s</span>trategi untuk peningkatan produktivitas bioetanol dari molase dapat dilakukan dengan: 1) penggunaan mikrobia selain <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>; 2) <em>pretreatment</em>; dan 3) metode fermentasi kontinyu. Penggunaan mikrobia selain <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>, seperti <em>Zymomonas mobilis</em> dapat meningkatkan produktivitas etanol hingga 55,8 g/L atau 27,9% dari total gula reduksi.  Perlakuan <em>pretreatment</em> dapat meningkatkan produktivitas mikrobia dalam mengkonversi gula menjadi etanol, sedangkan penggunaan metode fermentasi secara kontinyu dapat meningkatkan produktivitas sebesar <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 4.75 g/L/jam.</p><p>  </p><p align="center">ABSTRACT </p><p>Bioethanol is one of strategic alternative fuel to develop.  One of substrate that promises to be used is molasses. Molasses is by-product of sugar industry which contain of sugar about 45-54,6%. Bioethanol from sugarcane molase is necessary to develope because it is very profitable, large supply, availability technology, and no-competion to  food.  This paper was aimed to reviews some research results and their implications on raw materials, processes, advanced environments and strategies to increas bioethanol productivity of molasses through the fermentation process engineering. In the manufacture of ethanol, fermentation is an important holding process.  In ethanol production, fermentation plays an important role.  Fermentation environments arragement such as temperature, pH, and pressure can effect on bioprocess of fermentation. Similarly, the addition of supplemental ingredients such as sugar, salt, and metal ions by appropriate type and concentration can also optimize the fermentation process. In addition to environmental arrangement and supplemental adding, strategies to improve bioethanol productivity of molasses can be accomplished by 1) the use of microbes other than Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 2) pretreatment; and 3) continuous fermentation method. The use of microbes other than Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such as Zymomonas mobilis can increase ethanol productivity up to 55.8 g / L or 27.9% of total sugar reduction.  Pretreatment can increase microbial productivity in converting sugar to ethanol, while continuous use of fermentation method can increase productivity by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 4.75 g / L / hr.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Continuous ethanol production from sugar beet thick juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized onto sugar beet pulp

2013 ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Vucurovic ◽  
Radojka Razmovski ◽  
Uros Miljic ◽  
Vladimir Puskas
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Thick Juice

The immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae onto sugar beet pulp (SBP) by natural adhesion is an efficient and low-cost method for retaining high biocatalyst density in the ethanol fermentation system. In the present study, cells of S. cerevisiae 163, were immobilized by natural adhesion onto SBP. The retention of immobilized cells attained the level of about 1.7?1011 cells/gram of dry SBP. Continuous ethanol production from sugar beet thick juice (TJ) was performed in a cylinder glass bioreactor at a temperature of 30?C and pH 5 during a 27-day period. The stability of the fermentation process at dilution rate (D) of 0.025 h-1 and 0.05 h-1 was evaluated. The yeast-SBP system was shown to be stable for over a 15-day period at the dilution rate of 0.025 h-1, while the dilution rate of 0.05 h-1 was found to be unsuitable due to the intensive yeast leaching from the support. At D of 0.025 h-1 the maximum sugar utilization (Su), ethanol concentration (P), volumetric ethanol productivity (Qp), ethanol yield (Yp/s) and fermentation efficiency were 97.1%, 54.7 g/l, 2.3 g/lh, 0.498 g/g and 97.6%, respectively.

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