scholarly journals Twenty-five years' growth in a young red pine stand

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Newnham
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Growth Site ◽  
Natural Stand ◽  
Class 1

Growth data are presented by 5-year intervals from age 20 to 45 years for a natural stand of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in eastern Ontario. At age 45 years, the top height (100 largest trees/ha) was 21.3 m and the volume 448 m3/ha, with little evidence of any decline in either height or volume growth. Site index was approximately 24 m (at age 50 years) which is considerably superior to Plonski's site class 1 (Plonski 1974). Growth appears to be comparable to that of unmanaged plantations growing on the best sites on the Petawawa Research Forest. Height-diameter regressions are calculated for each plot measurement and compared with a combined regression for all plot measurements. The Weibull function was used to fit diameter distributions.

An index of site productivity for uneven-aged or mixed-species stands

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shongming Huang ◽  
Stephen J. Titus
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Productivity Measure

A site productivity measure based on the relationship between total tree height and diameter at breast height of dominant and codominant trees was presented for four major tree species (white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.), trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.), and black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)) growing in boreal mixed-species stands in Alberta. The measure is based on a three-parameter modified Weibull function fitted to growth data from permanent sample plots using the difference-equation method; R2-values ranged from 0.90 to 0.97. The measure has many logical properties similar to those of the site-index approach and produces curves that are polymorphic and reference-diameter invariant. It can be used as a simple and quick method of quantifying site productivity for uneven-aged and (or) mixed-species stands.

scholarly journals A Red Pine Case History: Development of the Rockland Plantation From 1914 to 1986

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. von Althen ◽  
W. M. Stiell
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth Data

Growth data are presented for a 72-year-old plantation of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) at Rockland, Ontario, part of which was thinned four times between 1938 and 1972 and part of which was left unthinned. Height growth in both parts ceased between stand ages 67 and 72 years. During the same 5-year period, gross periodic increment was 551 ft3/ac (38.6 m3/ha) in the thinned stand while in the unthinned stand mortality exceeded gross periodic increment by 187 ft3/ac (13.1 m3/ha).

The growth and yield responses of a high site quality red pine plantation to seven thinning treatments and two thinning intervals

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hal O. Liechty ◽  
Glenn D. Mroz ◽  
David D. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
High Site ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Lower Site

Seven thinning treatments with residual densities between 60 and 160 ft3/acre (13.8 and 36.8 m2/ha) of basal area were applied to a highly productive (site index, 81 ft (24.7 m); base age, 50 years) red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) plantation. After 10 years, periodic basal area growth was maximized over a lower and much broader range of residual densities than previously found in lower site quality stands. Total and merchantable cubic foot volume growth for the 10 year period was not significantly different between treatments. Application of these thinning treatments on a 6- compared with a 10-year interval reduced total and merchantable cubic foot volume growth while increasing the average stand diameter.

scholarly journals La qualité des stations et la productivité des plantations de pin rouge (Pinus resinosa Ait.) au Québec.

1975 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
S. Popovich
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Stand Volume ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents an evaluation of site quality based on the relationship between volume per square foot of basal area and age of plantation, for planted red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Quebec.A graph for the three site index classes is included with indication for its use. There is a table showing the values of volume per square foot of basal area as a function of average height and average form quotient of a stand, permitting a rapid evaluation of stand volume of a plantation. Finally, several factors affecting growth and yield of red pine plantations for various sites in Quebec are discussed.

Modeling self-thinning of unthinned Lake States red pine stands using nonlinear simultaneous differential equations

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1410-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C Turnblom ◽  
Thomas E Burk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
The Self ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Lake States

Forest management demands thorough knowledge of ecological systems. Tree interaction dynamics are one component of these ecological systems. Developing growth models which incorporate ecological "laws" such as the self-thinning rule can lead to better understanding of the laws, to better understanding of what is still unknown, and to what is in need of refinement. To this end a system of simultaneous differential equations incorporating logical, linked hypotheses regarding growth and mortality is proposed and fit to data from red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantations in the Lake States (Minnesota, Michigan, and Wisconsin). Using this modeling framework it appears that stand initiation history has a large impact on the level of the self-thinning boundary for red pine growing in the Lake States. Stands with initially high density exhibited lower self-thinning boundaries than stands with lower densities. Site quality (as measured by site index) chiefly affected the rate at which stand dynamics progress. Higher quality sites progressed through stand development at faster rates than did sites with lower quality.

Growth, yield, and structure of extended rotation Pinus resinosa stands in Minnesota, USA

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Christel C. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Ecological Objectives

Extended rotations are increasingly used to meet ecological objectives on forestland; however, information about long-term growth and yield of these systems is lacking for most forests in North America. Additionally, long-term growth responses to repeated thinnings in older stands have received little attention. We addressed these needs by examining the growth and yield of red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) in a growing stock experiment in northern Minnesota. Stands were 85 years old at the onset of this experiment and were repeatedly thinned to five levels of basal area (13.8, 18.4, 23.0, 27.5, and 32.1 m2·ha–1) over 58 years. Cumulative volume production and volume growth were lowest within the lowest stocking treatment and similar across other stocking levels. Late-successional structural attributes, such as the density of trees with ≥40 cm diameter at breast height, was similar across stocking levels. The mean annual volume growth culminated between 130 and 140 years. Additionally, positive growth responses were observed within the highest stocking-level treatments after thinning at 138 years, demonstrating the ability of older red pine to respond to reductions in competition. These results illustrate that extended rotations with repeated thinnings in red pine help achieve ecological goals, including the restoration of old-forest structure, while also maintaining high levels of stand productivity.

Methods for Estimating the Impact of the Red Pine Shoot Moth on Volume Growth of Red Pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
John H. Hainze ◽  
Daniel M. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Two methods for estimating the impact of the red pine shoot moth on the volume growth of red pine are presented. The first method utilized radial and height growth measurements from individually dissected trees to determine volume growth on a per-tree basis. Potential volume growth was estimated using a site index equation for height growth and past radial growth patterns. The second method determined volume growth on a stand basis from field measurements in sample plots. Potential volume growth was estimated using a computerized growth-and-yield model, REDPINE. The first method estimated mean volume growth losses ranging from 4% to 12% in four red pine stands infested by the shoot moth in the central Wisconsin sand plains. The second method estimated total stand volume losses ranging from 14% to 16% in the same four stands. We conclude that the first method provides more accurate estimates. North. J. Appl. For. 3:60-63, June 1986.

scholarly journals Effects of Four Thinnings on the Growth, Yields and Financial Returns of a 62-Year-Old Red Pine Plantation

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. von Althen ◽  
W. M. Stiell ◽  
R. B. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Financial Growth ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
Stand Conditions

Growth data for a 62-year old plantation of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) at Rockland, Ontario, part of which was thinned four times between 1938 and 1972, and part of which was left unthinned, are presented for the two stand conditions, together with associated product yields and economic implications of alternative treatments. The investment in thinning, when based on historical costs and revenues, was attractive: the thinning program increased net present worth at each stage. When based on current costs and revenues, with no increase at an assumed inflation rate, the investment in thinning was less attractive, and it was not proved conclusively that the thinning program would be profitable. Financial growth peaked at a rotation age of approximately 50 years.

scholarly journals A red pine provenance test in northwestern Ontario: 48-year results

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A Rahi ◽  
Colin Bowling ◽  
Dale Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Provenance Trial ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Provenance Test

Survival, total height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured in the fall of 2005 in a 48-year-old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) provenance trial growing in northwestern Ontario. There was significant variation in both height and diameter among the 23 provenances. Generally, westerly provenances performed well while those from the Maritime Provinces exhibited relatively poor growth. Considering that the plantation is at the northern biological range of red pine, survival was high, averaging 96% after 48 years. Provenances with the best growth rates exceeded a volume of 420 m3 ha-1. Some provenances from Minnesota and Wisconsin as well as Fort Frances, Ontario exhibited superior growth and should be considered as seed sources for future planting programs in northwestern Ontario. Key words: red pine, provenance test, survival, diameter, height, volume, Northwestern Ontario

THE SEED PRODUCTION CAPACITY AND EFFICIENCY OF RED PINE CONES (PINUS RESINOSA AIT.)

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pine Cones

The seed capacity of red pine cones varies from about 30 to over 110, depending on the size of the cone and its position in the tree crown, and is determined by the number of ovules that are structurally complete at the time of pollination. These ovules occur in a central "productive" region and constitute less than one-half of the total. The remaining ovules, most: of which are in the proximal part of the cone, never become structurally perfect, and do not contribute to seed production. Abortion of ovules in the productive region usually reduces seed production efficiency to 50–60%, and is accompanied mainly by withering of the nucellus in the first year and failure to produce archegonia early in the second year. The extent of ovule abortion during the first year varies indirectly with cone size, seed capacity, and height in tree.

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