Opportunities, challenges and markets for forest carbon offset projects

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Ristea ◽  
Thomas C Maness
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Carbon Market ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Carbon Offsets ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Trading Program ◽  
Carbon Offset Projects

Forest-based activities can mitigate climate change by reducing carbon sources and enhancing carbon sinks. Under various emissions-reductions programs, credits (called carbon offsets) can be issued to forestry projects that can credibly demonstrate additional and lasting reductions in CO2 emissions. The greatest potential for forest carbon offset projects currently exists in voluntary emissions reduction programs and markets, which, however, have a negligible value in the global carbon market. Unless their relevance can be proven, forestry-based carbon offset projects will play a minor role in compliance markets. This is mainly due to concerns about the additionality, permanence, and leakage of carbon offsets generated by forestry projects. Key words: forest carbon offset project, emissions trading program, cap and trade, carbon market

scholarly journals Stakeholders of Voluntary Forest Carbon Offset Projects in China: An Empirical Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Derong Lin ◽  
Yingzhi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Forest Carbon Storage ◽  
Game Situation ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Stakeholder Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Offset Projects

Climate change is one of the defining challenges facing the planet. Voluntary forest carbon offset project which has the potential to boost forest carbon storage and mitigate global warming has aroused the global concern. The objective of this paper is to model the game situation and analyze the game behaviors of stakeholders of voluntary forest carbon offset projects in China. A stakeholder model and a Power-Benefit Matrix are constructed to analyze the roles, behaviors, and conflicts of stakeholders including farmers, planting entities, communities, government, and China Green Carbon Foundation. The empirical analysis results show that although the stakeholders have diverse interests and different goals, a win-win solution is still possible through their joint participation and compromise in the voluntary forest carbon offset project. A wide governance structure laying emphasis on benefit balance, equality, and information exchanges and being regulated by all stakeholders has been constructed. It facilitates the agreement among the stakeholders with conflicting or different interests. The joint participation of stakeholders in voluntary forest carbon offset projects might change the government-dominated afforestation/reforestation into a market, where all participators including government are encouraged to cooperate with each other to improve the condition of fund shortage and low efficiency.

scholarly journals Factors and Paths Affecting Payment for Forest Ecosystem Service: Evidence from Voluntary Forest Carbon Market in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7009
Author(s):  
Jang-Hwan Jo ◽  
Taewoo Roh ◽  
Jongmin Hwang ◽  
Kyeong-hak Lee ◽  
Changbae Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Carbon Market ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Service

This study aims to identify factors and paths affecting payment for forest ecosystem service based on evidence from the voluntary forest carbon market in South Korea. The study was built based on the theory of planned behavior and institutional theory. The survey was conducted to 24 private forest owners, 21 workers of local governments, 9 of public institutes, and 6 of private companies. Partial least squares structural equation model was applied to verify the hypothetical structural model displaying the effects among the constructs of subjects’ recognition, intention, and behavior in participating in the forest carbon offset project. Results showed that raising awareness of forest carbon offset (FCO) is essential for revitalizing the forest carbon market. In addition, it was found that forest managers’ expectations for FCO were practical operations. Moreover, with the presence of intent to participate in the FCO, the FCO market could be revitalized only by increasing the intention of use in the management aspect and by increasing the commitment of the owner and CEO to this project. The detailed theoretical and managerial implications based on the findings are discussed in the paper.

Risks to forest carbon offset projects in a changing climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 257 (11) ◽  
pp. 2209-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Galik ◽  
Robert B. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Carbon Offset Projects

scholarly journals Inclusion of forestry offsets in emission trading schemes: insights from global experts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Sarah Eshpeter ◽  
Nuyun Li ◽  
Jinliang Li ◽  
John O. Nile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Carbon Offsets ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Carbon Pricing ◽  
Carbon Offsetting ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
The Future

AbstractEmissions trading schemes (ETSs) have been a central component of international climate change policies, as a carbon pricing tool to achieve emissions reduction targets. Forest carbon offset credits have been leveraged in many ETSs to efficiently meet emission reduction targets, yet there is little knowledge about the perceptions, experiences, and challenges associated with the forest carbon offsetting in existing and pilot ETS. Given that the future inclusion of forest carbon offset in ETS management activities and policies will require strong support and acceptability among the institutions and experts involved in ETS, this study explores the experiences and lessons learned with 16 globally engaging experts representing major existing ETSs (North America, Europe, and New Zealand) and Chinese pilot ETSs towards the inclusion of forestry offsets, major concerns and challenges with existing implementation models. Findings revealed that many respondents particularly from North America, New Zealand, and Chinese pilot systems portrayed positive attitudes toward the inclusion of forestry carbon offsets and its role in contributing to a viable ETS, while European experts were not supportive. Respondents cited leakage, permanence, additionality, and monitoring design features as the major challenges and concerns that inhibit the expansion and inclusion of forest carbon offsetting. Respondents from Chinese pilot schemes referenced a unique set of challenges related to implementation, including the increasing cost of afforestation and reforestation projects, the uncertainty in the future supply and demand for their national Certified Emissions Reduction (CER) scheme and landowner engagement. Existing and future ETSs should learn from and address the challenges experienced by global experts and carbon pricing mechanisms to design, evaluate, or enhance their forest carbon offset programs for an effective and viable system that successfully contributes to GHG mitigation practices globally. We recommend inclusion of forest carbon offsets at the early stages of ETS improves the perceptions and experience of policy makers and practitioners toward the success and potential of forestry offsets in ETS ensuring familiarity and confidence in the mechanism.

scholarly journals Evidence of Multiple Regulatory Functions for the PtsN (IIANtr) Protein of Pseudomonas putida

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 1032-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildefonso Cases ◽  
Juan-Antonio Lopez ◽  
Juan-Pablo Albar ◽  
Vı́ctor De Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Alternative Sigma Factor ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Regulatory Functions

ABSTRACT The ptsN gene of Pseudomonas putida encodes IIANtr, a protein of the phosphoenol pyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase (PTS) system which is required for the C source inhibition of the ς54-dependent promoter Puof the TOL (toluate degradation) plasmid pWW0. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we have examined the effect of ptsNdisruption on the general expression pattern of P. putida. To this end, cells were grown in the presence or absence of glucose, and a 1,117-spot subset of the P. putida proteome was used as a reference for comparisons. Among all gene products whose expression was lowered by this carbon source (247 spots [about 22%]), only 6 behaved as Pu (i.e., were depressed in theptsN background). This evidenced only a minor role for IIANtr in the extensive inhibition of gene expression inP. putida caused by glucose. However, the same experiments revealed a large incidence of glucose-independent effects brought about by the ptsN mutation. As many as 108 spots (ca. 9% of the cell products analyzed) were influenced, positively or negatively, by the loss of IIANtr. By matching this pattern with that of an rpoN::ΩKm strain of P. putida, which lacks the ς54 protein, we judge that most proteins whose expression was affected by ptsN were unrelated to the alternative sigma factor. These data suggest a role of IIANtr as a general regulator, independent of the presence of repressive carbon sources and not limited to ς54-dependent genes.

Assessing audit impact and thoroughness of VCS forest carbon offset projects

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 121-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan C. Foster ◽  
Deane Wang ◽  
Graeme Auld ◽  
Rosa Maria Roman Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Carbon Offset Projects
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