scholarly journals Links between root carbohydrates and seasonal pattern of soil microbial activity of diverse european populations of Pinus sylvestris grown in a provenance plantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kaliszewska-Rokicka ◽  
Jacek Oleksyn ◽  
Roma Zytkowiak ◽  
Peter B. Reich
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Aboveground Tree Biomass ◽  
European Populations

Activity of soil dehydrogenase (DHA) was measured in the mineral soil in a forest stand of 15 to 16-year-old Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris </em>L.) from geographically diverse populations, as an indicator of biological activity of soil microorganisms, in a provenance experiment in Poland. The pine populations originated from six European countries (Sweden, Russia, Latvia, Poland, Germany, France) and differed widely in aboveground biomass and productivity. Soil DHA during two growing seasons showed pronounced seasonal variability, which was significantly related to the fine root concentration of nonstructural carbohydrates. Higher DHA was found in soil under canopies of the central and southern European populations than in those from more northern parts of the Scots pine range. Significant positive correlation between soil DHA and aboveground tree biomass suggest that these patterns most likely resulted from differences in carbon dynamics and productivity among populations.

Early Survival and Growth of Russian Pinus sylvestris L. in Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
A. H. Teich ◽  
M. J. Holst
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Better Than

Scots pine provenances from Russia were grown in Ontario at Longlac, Dorset and Chalk River, and in Saskatchewan at Prince Albert and Indian Head. After eight growing seasons in the field all provenances survived well. The three tallest, Orel, Woronesh and Kiev provenances, grew considerably taller than the others, and at Prince Albert, where native jack pine was also grown, the growth and survival of these provenances was also better than that of jack pine. If further studies show that this high performance persists and that stem form is commercially acceptable, seedlings from these three provenances may be useful for reforestation in those parts of Canada with a continental climate.

scholarly journals Effects of pruning on heartwood formation in Scots pine trees

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
B. Bergström ◽  
R. Gref ◽  
A. Ericsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Heartwood Formation ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Proportional Increase

The object of this study was to investigate the effect of pruning on heartwood formation in mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees. Fifty trees were treated by three different intensive pruning regimes: 42, 60 and 70 percentage of defoliation. After five growing seasons numbers of growth rings were counted and the width and the area of sapwood and heartwood were calculated. The results did not show any proportional increase or decrease in the heartwood area or in the number of growth rings in heartwood associated with the pruning. A statistically significant negative effect of pruning was found on the width of the five most recently formed sapwood growth rings. This decreased growth rate did not influence the ratio of sapwood and heartwood. However, it cannot be excluded that the proportion of heartwood may increase during a longer period. It is concluded that pruning is not a practicable silvicultural method for regulating heartwood formation in mature Scots pine trees.

scholarly journals Seasonal and interannual dynamics of soil microbial biomass and available nitrogen in an alpine meadow in the eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Jinniu Wang ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Fusun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seasonal And Interannual Dynamics ◽  
Interannual Dynamics ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
N Pool

Abstract. Soil microbial activity occurs seasonally in frozen alpine soils during cold seasons and plays a crucial role in available N pool accumulation in soil. The intra- and interannual patterns of microbial and nutrient dynamics reflect the influences of changing weather factors, and thus provide important insights into the biogeochemical cycles and ecological functions of ecosystems. We documented seasonal and interannual dynamics of soil microbial and available N in an alpine meadow in the eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China between April 2011 and October 2013. Soil samples were collected in the middle of each month and were analyzed for water content, microbial biomass C (MBC) and N, dissolved organic C and N, and inorganic N; soil microbial community compositions were measured by the dilution-plate method. Fungi and actinomycetes dominated the microbial community during the non-growing seasons, and the number of bacteria increased considerably during the early growing seasons. Consistently increasing trends of MBC and available N pools were observed during the non-growing seasons. MBC sharply declined during soil thaw and was accompanied by a peak of available N pool. Induced by soil temperatures, significant shifts in the structure and functions of microbial communities were found during the winter-spring transition and largely contributed to microbial reduction. Divergent seasonal dynamics of different N forms showed a complementary nutrient supply pattern during the growing season. Similar interannual dynamics were observed between microbial biomass and available N pools, and soil temperature and water condition were the primary environmental factors driving these year-to-year fluctuations. Under the background of changing climate, the seasonal soil microbial activity and nutrient supply patterns will be further changed, having important implications to the productivity and biodiversity of alpine ecosystems.

Seasonal changes in soil temperature and in the frost hardiness of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) roots under subarctic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja-Liisa Sutinen ◽  
Aulis Ritari ◽  
Teuvo Holappa ◽  
Kauko Kujala
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Frost Hardiness ◽  
Finnish Lapland ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Soil Temperatures

The seasonal changes in soil temperature and in the frost hardiness of adult Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees was studied between September 1991 and February 1993 in a pine forest located in Finnish Lapland. Air and soil (humus layer and 5 cm depth of mineral soil) temperatures were measured continuously every second hour. The frost hardiness of the roots in the humus layer and in the mineral soil (down to 10 cm) was measured by means of the electrolyte-leakage method. The temperature in the humus layer varied between 21.2°C and –3.2°C and in the mineral soil between 21.6°C and –2.4°C. The temperature in the humus layer was continuously slightly colder than in the mineral soil from late August until May. The frost hardiness of the pine roots was lowest (about –5°C) in May and during the first week of September. Frost hardiness stayed at its maximum of about –20°C during November and December and slightly decreased in January and February. During most of the sampling time, the frost hardiness of the roots in the humus layer was greater than in the mineral soil. There was a clear relationship between the soil temperature and the frost hardiness of roots.

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