scholarly journals Effects of invasive plant species on species diversity: implications on ruderal vegetation in Bratislava City, Slovakia, Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Rendeková ◽  
Karol Mičieta ◽  
Michal Hrabovský ◽  
Mariana Eliašová ◽  
Ján Miškovic
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Ruderal Vegetation ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Invasive Taxa

Invasive species pose one of the most serious global environmental threats. Our study aimed to examine the correlation between the proportion of invasive alien taxa and species diversity of ruderal vegetation in the urban ecosystem of Bratislava, located in Central Europe. Ruderal habitats serve as the means of spread of invasive species to seminatural and natural habitats. Twenty-six invasive taxa were recorded among the ruderal vegetation of Bratislava. The majority of the recorded invasive species were neophytes, which came from North America and represent the Asteraceae family. Half of them were introduced accidentally, whereas the remaining species were introduced deliberately. Correlation and regression analyses showed that the proportion of invasive taxa has a negative effect on the species diversity of all the analyzed syntaxa in the ruderal vegetation of Bratislava.

scholarly journals Pteris multifida (spider brake).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Velez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Dispersal ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pteris Multifida ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract Pteris multifida is a herbaceous fern native to temperate and tropical eastern Asia and naturalized on many continents as a result of being widely cultivated. Although it is an urban weed, it is not considered by most countries as an invasive or noxious weed. There is no information available on the species affecting native species or natural habitats. Although one source lists P. multifida as an invasive species in many countries outside of Africa due to it being easily dispersed by spores, there are no references or further information to support this statement. It is reported as an alien invasive species in Germany, but only as occurring in sheltered sites, growing on light-vents in cellars and walls. A species assessment for Florida, USA indicates, P. multifida is neither a weed of natural habitats nor of agriculture. The species has not been listed as an invasive plant in any state or natural areas of the USA. However, P. multifida has been assigned a Tier II Invasive Species status (defined as having moderate negative impacts on wildlife or natural communities in Louisiana), but of limited concern and/or extent in Louisiana. Pteris multifida is recorded in Cuba as potentially invasive being categorized as a species with a tendency to proliferate in some areas and capable of producing vast amounts of diaspores with high dispersal potential. No further details are given about potential invasiveness.

scholarly journals Trends in the Biodiversity and Invasive Species Dynamics: Local Implications on Forest, Grassland and Ruderal Vegetation in Bratislava City, Slovakia, Central Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Alena Rendekova ◽  
Zuzana Randakova ◽  
Jan Miskovic ◽  
Karol Micieta
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ruderal Vegetation ◽  
Fallopia Japonica ◽  
Environmental Threats

Biological invasions represent one of the most serious global environmental threats. One of their negative aspects is a biodiversity loss in the natural ecosystems. Our study reports the results of the evaluation of changes in the proportion of invasive alien species and the results of the evaluation of the changes of the diversity in various types of forest, grassland and ruderal vegetation of Bratislava city over the time. In total, 26 invasive alien taxa were recorded in the vegetation of Bratislava. The majority of invasive taxa were recorded in both time periods. Five invasive species (Echinocystis lobata, Fallopia japonica, Helianthus tuberosus, Juncus tenuis, and Solidago canadensis) were recorded only in the more recent period. Most of the invasive species prefer ruderal habitats, and some of them also invade the forest vegetation (mainly the floodplain forests). In the dry grasslands of the class Festuco-Brometea, no invasive species were recorded in both periods. The statistical analysis revealed the increase of the average percentual number of invasive alien species in the majority of classes of the forest and ruderal vegetation of Bratislava over the time. In the majority of classes, where the proportion of invasive species increased, the Shannon–Wiener index of diversity of all species decreased significantly over the time. Our results contribute to the knowledge about biological invasions in cities.

scholarly journals Levantamento e mapeamento da ocorrência, identificação de espécies e avaliação de ambientes infestados por plantas invasoras na ilha de São Luís, Maranhão (Survey and mapping of the occurrence, identification of species and evaluation of environments infested by invasive plants in the island of São Luís, Maranhão)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro ◽  
Jairo Fernando Pereira Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Natural Habitats

Uma espécie exótica invasora é definida como uma planta estranha que se propaga naturalmente em habitats naturais ou seminaturais, produzindo mudanças na composição, estrutura ou nos processos dos ecossistemas. No Brasil, os registros da dimensão do problema são deficientes, embora várias espécies já sejam consagradas como invasoras. No Maranhão, não havia nenhum estudo sobre espécies vegetais invasoras, embora registros e observações indiquem invasões em variados ambientes. Na ilha de São Luís, a invasão de áreas por um número de espécies tem se tornado aparente, com muitos pontos das áreas dos municípios invadidos por espécies vegetais introduzidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal levantar, identificar, quantificar e mapear as espécies invasoras vegetais na ilha de São Luís. Foram localizadas e identificadas cinco espécies invasoras principais que vêm ocupando e modificando ambientes na ilha de São Luís. São elas: 1) Leucena - Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. (Fabaceae); 2) Amendoeira - Terminalia cattapa L. (Combretaceae); 3) Fios de Ouro - Cuscuta racemosa Mart. (Convolvulaceae); 4) Saco de Velho - Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (Apocynaceae); 5) Acácia Australiana - Acacia mangium Willd. (Fabaceae). Estas cinco espécies invasoras foram localizadas e amostradas em 420 pontos nos quatro municípios da ilha. As áreas invadidas foram amostradas com relação às espécies invasoras e também em relação às espécies acompanhantes principais. Imagem aérea da ilha de São Luís foi utilizada para localizar as formações vegetais e produzir um mapa de distribuição das espécies invasoras na ilha de São Luís.   A B S T R A C TAn alien invasive species is defined as a strange plant that propagates naturally in natural or semi-natural habitats, producing changes in the composition, structure or processes of ecosystems. In Brazil, records of the scale of the problem are deficient, although several species are already known as invasive. In Maranhão there were no studies on invasive plant species, although records and observations indicate invasions in various environments. On the island of São Luís, invasion by a number of species has become apparent, with many areas of the municipalities invaded by introduced plant species. The main objective of this study was to identify, quantify and map the invasive plant species on the island of São Luís. Five main invasive species were located and identified that have been occupying and modifying environments on the island of São Luís: 1) Leucena - Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. (Fabaceae); 2) Amendoeira - Terminalia cattapa L. (Combretaceae); 3) Fios de Ouro - Cuscuta racemosa Mart. (Convolvulaceae); 4) Saco de Velho - Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (Apocynaceae); 5) Acacia Australiana - Acacia mangium Willd. (Fabaceae). These five invasive species were located and sampled at 420 sites in the four municipalities of the island. The invaded areas were sampled in relation to the invasive species and also in relation to the main accompanying species. An aerial image of the island of São Luís was used to locate plant formations and to produce a distribution map of the invasive species on the island of São Luís.Keywords: Invasive Species, Sampling, Mapping, São Luís, Maranhão

scholarly journals Dynamics of the species diversity and composition of the ruderal vegetation of Slovak and Czech cities

Hacquetia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Rendeková ◽  
Karol Mičieta ◽  
Zuzana Randáková ◽  
Ján Miškovic
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Ruderal Vegetation ◽  
Fallopia Japonica ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Invasive Taxa

Abstract This study reports the results of the evaluation of changes in the species diversity and composition of ruderal vegetation of three Slovak and one Czech city over the time. The dataset of 1489 relevés from five ruderal syntaxa from the cities Bratislava, Malacky, Trnava and Brno was used. Data were from two different time periods, the older dataset from the years 1960–1982, the more recent dataset from the years 2005–2016. The statistical analysis revealed the decrease of Shannon–Wiener diversity index of all (native + alien) species in the majority of classes of ruderal vegetation of cities. The analysis of the changes in the Pielou’s measure of species evenness showed that in some of the classes and cities, the species evenness remained unchanged, in the other ones it decreased. The percentage of native species in the ruderal vegetation did not change over the time, but the percentage of invasive alien species in the majority of syntaxa and cities increased significantly. In total, 38 invasive taxa were recorded in the ruderal vegetation of cities. Most of them are neophytes, therophytes and belong to the family Asteraceae. The majority of invasive taxa were recorded in both time periods. Some of the invasive species, e.g. Fallopia japonica and Juncus tenuis were recorded only in the more recent time period. Our results contribute to the knowledge about biological invasions in the cities.

scholarly journals Ecological and zoogeographical significance of terrestrial isopods from the Carei Plain natural reserve (Romania)

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sára Ferenţi ◽  
Diana Cupsa ◽  
S.D. Covaciu-Marcov
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Terrestrial Isopods ◽  
Terrestrial Isopod ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
History Of

In the Carei Plain natural reserve we identified 15 terrestrial isopod species: Haplophthalmus mengii, Haplophthalmus danicus, Hyloniscus riparius, Hyloniscus transsylvanicus, Plathyarthrus hoffmannseggii, Cylisticus convexus, Porcellionides pruinosus, Protracheoniscus politus, Trachelipus arcuatus, Trachelipus nodulosus, Trachelipus rathkii, Porcellium collicola, Porcellio scaber, Armadillidium vulgare and Armadillidium versicolor. The highest species diversity is found in wetlands, while the lowest is in plantations and forests. On the Carei Plain, there are some terrestrial isopods that are normally connected with higher altitudes. Moreover, some sylvan species are present in the open wetlands. Unlike marshes, sand dunes present anthropophilic and invasive species. The diversity of the terrestrial isopods from the Carei Plain protected area is high due to the habitats? diversity and the history of this area. Thus, the composition of the terrestrial isopod communities from the area underlines its distinct particularities, emphasizing the necessity of preserving the natural habitats.

scholarly journals Floristic analysis of perennial species on flowerbeds in Belgrade with special attention on invasiveness of the recorded species

2012 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Marija Popovic ◽  
Marija Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Floristic Analysis

Urban areas are among the most important centres of invasive plant species distribution due to their richness in alien species. Because of that, a detailed floristic analysis of perennial flowerbeds was conducted in the central parks of Belgrade. A total of 53 perennial species were found, of which 55% were the alien species planted on 75% of the research area. Among them, two species (Aster novi belgii and Solidago canadensis) are invasive and six species are potentially invasive in Serbia. These are planted on 5% and 20% of the flowerbeds, respectively. We can conclude that both the experts and institutions should be informed about the invasive species and potential damages. In the meantime, planting of native decorative species should be encouraged, since they will not pose a threat to natural habitats. Also, detailed research should be conducted in order to eradicate invasive and potentially invasive species from the surfaces around the research area.

scholarly journals Ramet specialization allows similar performance of the invasive macrophyte Hedychium coronarium under different light and intraspecific competition levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane Oliveira Costa ◽  
Augusto Florisvaldo Batisteli ◽  
Renata Vilar Almeida ◽  
Wagner Antônio Chiba de Castro ◽  
Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espindola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Hedychium Coronarium ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Rhizome Biomass

Abstract Invasive species can affect ecosystems functioning by forming dense monospecific stands and outcompeting native plants. However, the performance of the invader depends on its plastic responses to abiotic attributes of invaded communities. Understanding the interplay between intraspecific competition and environmental conditions is important to elucidate the domain and aggressive potential of invasive species. Here, we assessed the performance of the invasive Hedychium coronarium in two levels of intraspecific competition created through rhizome density under full light and partial shade. We tested the influence of light, density and their interaction on ramet length and number of ramets during the first three months after planting (phase 1) and after 22 months (phase 2), and on rhizome dry weight and the ramet/rhizome biomass ratio in phase 2. In both phases, ramets were longer under shade and the number of ramets was higher under low rhizome density indicating lower intraspecific competition. In phase 2, there was a negative effect of rhizome density on ramet length, but it was restricted to shade, probably due to the aggravation of competition for light. Rhizome dry weight was greater under shade conditions and it was not affected by rhizome density, and ramet/rhizome ratio did not differ between treatments. Our results supported a large phenotypic plasticity of H. coronarium ramets, which allowed similar performances despite variations in environmental conditions and population densities. We suggest that this mechanism of energy allocation enhances the success of this invasive plant in varied habitats, such as open and closed, forested sites.

Initial dispersal behavior and survival of non-native juvenile Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) in South Florida

BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E. Pittman ◽  
Ian A. Bartoszek
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Forested Wetland ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Dispersal Behavior ◽  
Python Bivittatus

Abstract Background Dispersal behavior is a critical component of invasive species dynamics, impacting both spatial spread and population density. In South Florida, Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) are an invasive species that disrupt ecosystems and have the potential to expand their range northward. Control of python populations is limited by a lack of information on movement behavior and vital rates, especially within the younger age classes. We radio-tracked 28 Burmese pythons from hatching until natural mortality for approximately 3 years. Pythons were chosen from 4 clutches deposited by adult females in 4 different habitats: forested wetland, urban interface, upland pine, and agricultural interface. Results Known-fate survival estimate was 35.7% (95% CI = 18% - 53%) in the first 6 months, and only 2 snakes survived 3 years post hatching. Snakes moving through ‘natural’ habitats had higher survival than snakes dispersing through ‘modified’ habitats in the first 6- months post-hatching. Predation was the most common source of mortality. Snakes from the agricultural interface utilized canals and displayed the largest net movements. Conclusions Our results suggest that pythons may have lower survival if clutches are deposited in or near urbanized areas. Alternatively, juvenile pythons could quickly disperse to new locations by utilizing canals that facilitate linear movement. This study provides critical information about behavioral and life history characteristics of juvenile Burmese pythons that will inform management practices.

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