Allergen sensitisation among chronic respiratory diseases in urban and rural areas of the south of Viet Nam

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Chu ◽  
I. Godin ◽  
N. T. Phuong ◽  
L. H. Nguyen ◽  
T. T. M. Hiep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
The South ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

scholarly journals ‘Trend in premature mortality from four major NCDs in Nanjing, China, 2007–2018’

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huafeng Yang ◽  
Yali Fu ◽  
Xin Hong ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Abstract Background This study aims to analyze the trends of premature mortality caused from four major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), namely cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes in Nanjing between 2007 and 2018 and project the ability to achieve the “Healthy China 2030” reduction target. Methods Mortality data of four major NCDs for the period 2007–2018 were extracted from the Death Information Registration and Management System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Population data for Nanjing were provided by the Nanjing Bureau of Public Security. The premature mortality was calculated using the life table method. Joinpoint regression model was used to estimate the average annual percent changes (AAPC) in mortality trends. Results From 2007 to 2018, the premature mortality from four major NCDs combined in Nanjing decreased from 15.5 to 9.5%, with the AAPC value at − 4.3% (95% CI [− 5.2% to − 3.4%]). Overall, it can potentially achieve the target, with a relative reduction 28.6%. The premature mortality from cancer, CVD, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes all decreased, with AAPC values at − 4.2, − 5.0%, − 5.9% and − 1.6% respectively. A relative reduction of 40.6 and 41.2% in females and in rural areas, but only 21.0 and 12.8% in males and in urban areas were projected. Conclusion An integrated approach should be taken focusing on the modifiable risk factors across different sectors and disciplines in Nanjing. The prevention and treatment of cancers, diabetes, male and rural areas NCDs should be enhanced.

THEODORE LEVIN, The Hundred Thousand Fools of God: Musical Travels in Central Asia (and Queens, New York) (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1996, repr. 1999). Pp. 335.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-322
Author(s):  
OWEN WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The South ◽  
Indiana University ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
Travel Accounts

As the first general introduction to the musical worlds of the successor states to Soviet Central Asia, this admirable work fills an important gap. Moreover, it does so in an individual and highly attractive way, eschewing the would-be objectivity of a dryly analytical monograph in favor of a looser framework of travel accounts, each rich in specific and revelatory detail but, at the same time, developing a series of thematic constants. To cover all of Central Asia in this way would have been an impossible task, however, and what we are presented with is in essence an exploration of widely separated and contrasting urban and rural areas of Uzbekistan supplemented by forays into northern Tajikistan. Beginning in Tashkent, the itinerary proceeds successively through Bukhara, Surxandarya, and Qashkandarya in the south, and Khorezm; then to Tajikistan (the Upper Zaravshan and Yagnâb, and Shahristan); and finally (following the fortunes of Bukharan Jewish émigré musicians) to New York.

scholarly journals Stunting Distribution in Mexico, An Unsolved Problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1391-1391
Author(s):  
Lucia Cuevas-Nasu ◽  
Teresa Shamah-Levy ◽  
MarcoAntonio Avila Arcos ◽  
Luz María Gómez-Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
The South ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Children Development

Abstract Objectives To update the stunting prevalence among Mexican preschool children and its association with socio demographic variables and social development programs. Results from National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018 (ENSANUT 2018). Methods ENSANUT-2018 is a national survey based on a multistage, stratified design. It is representative of the urban and rural areas and the four regions of Mexico: north, central, south and Mexico City and is comparable with the national surveys conducted in Mexico since 1988. In 2018, the sample consisted of 3868 preschool-age children (9 million 738 thousand subjects aged 0–4 years). Measurements included weight and height. The stunting, low weight and wasting (<−2 SD of z-score) prevalence's were obtained according to OMS 2006. Prevalences were adjusted for study design. Results Currently in Mexico, the stunting prevalence is 16.3%, that represent a million and a half of preschool children in such condition. In 2012 this cipher was three percentage points lower (13.6%). Low weight and wasting are at present 5.0% and 1.4% respectively. In rural localities from the south region of the Country stunting prevalence is 20%. In 40% of the households with low or very low Socioeconomic Index (NSE) a stunted preschool child lives. To inhabit in rural localities from the south of the country and live in a household with low NSE is positively associated with stunting in Mexico. Conclusions Mexico shows a slight increase of the stunting prevalence in contrast with the seen on previous decades. Chronical malnutrition is a risk factor for health, survival and children development, due to this, efforts must be enhanced for its control and prevention. Funding Sources Supported by Ministry of Health, Mexico.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration and Bedtime in the PURE Poland Cohort Study and the Link with Noncommunicable Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zatońska ◽  
Alicja Basiak-Rasała ◽  
Katarzyna Połtyn-Zaradna ◽  
Krystian Kinastowski ◽  
Andrzej Szuba
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Lower Silesia

(1) Background: The objective was to investigate the association between sleep duration, bedtime, and noncommunicable diseases in the PURE Poland cohort study. (2) Methods: The baseline study was conducted in 2007–2010. The study group comprised 2023 adult inhabitants of urban and rural areas in Lower Silesia, Poland. The study protocol included questionnaires, blood pressure measurements, blood draws, and anthropometric measurements. Sleep duration and bedtime were self-reported. (3) Results: The median sleep duration of women was 30 min longer than men (8 h vs. 7.5 h; p = 0.001). The average time of sleep increased along with the age of the participants. A sleep duration of >8 h was more common in rural than in urban participants (40.2% vs. 27.1%; respectively; p < 0.001). The relative risk of diabetes, stroke, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and obesity was significantly higher in participants who went to bed between 6 p.m. and 10 p.m. in comparison to those who went to bed between 10 p.m. and 12 a.m. (RR 2.23, 95%CI 1.06–4.67; RR 2.52, 95%CI 1.28 to 4.97; RR 1.12, 95%CI 1.04–1.20; RR 1.36; 95%CI 1.1–1.68; RR 1.38; 95%CI 1.15–1.66, respectively). The relative risk of respiratory diseases was two-fold higher in those who went to bed after midnight in comparison to those who went to bed between 10 p.m. and 12 a.m. (RR 2.24; 95%CI 1.19–4.22). (4) Conclusions: In our study, an earlier bedtime was associated with a higher risk of diabetes, stroke, obesity, hypertension, and CVD.

scholarly journals The Living Conditions of Female Head Porters in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Yaaba Baah-Ennumh ◽  
Martina Owusu Adoma .
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The South ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Female Head ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Migration of the economically active population from northern to southern Ghana is an old age phenomenon sustained by the incessant perception of abundant job opportunities in the south. Recently, young girls and women who migrate to work as head porters have dominated the phenomenon. The purpose of this paper was to examine the reasons for their continuous migration to the Kumasi Metropolis and the conditions under which they live and work. Complementary data from 100 head porters and five institutions revealed that most of the head porters were children (under age 18) living in harsh and hazardous conditions which include poor housing, health care delivery, nutrition, and water and sanitation. The authors conclude that the relentless desire of young girls and women to work as head porters in the south and the associated poor living conditions could be minimised if youth policies are implemented with direct focus on capacity building for the head porters. The long-term remedy to the menace, the authors maintain, lies with socioeconomic development of the rural-supplying areas to bridge the development gap between the urban and rural areas.

Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

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