GOAL AND SCOPE AND ITS EVOLUTION FOR LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS RECOVERY FROM SECONDARY SOURCES

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) adalah salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi sistem pengelolaan sampah berdasarkan nilai potensi dampak yang dihasilkan. Bank Sampah Asoka Berseri di Kabupaten Tuban merupakan salah satu contoh unit pengolah sampah yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi potensi dampak dari timbulan sampah secara kualitas maupun kuantitas di wilayah pedesaan. Tujuan studi ini adalah menghitung dan mengevaluasi potensi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan dari program bank sampah, kemudian dibandingkan dengan penanganan sampah konvensional yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan berdasarkan CML Baseline v4.4 dan 14000 standar ISO, meliputi goal and scope, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) dan interpretasi. Simulasi LCA dilakukan dengan Software OpenLCA untuk menghitung nilai potensi dampak dari setiap kilogram sampah yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, setiap 1 kg sampah yang dikelola oleh bank sampah menghasilkan potensi dampak pemanasan global lebih rendah (6,395 kg CO2 eq.) dibandingkan dengan penimbunan (13,057 kg CO2 eq.) dan pembakaran (10,850 kg CO2 eq.). Pengolahan sampah lebih lanjut menjadi RDF dan kompos di bank sampah berpotensi menghasilkan dampak lingkungan lebih rendah dan menambah pendapatan masyarakat.

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Possibilities of recovery and separation of rare earth elements

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska sectio AA – Chemia ◽

10.17951/aa.2018.73.1.99-110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Dominika Fila

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Mineral Resources ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Energy Technologies ◽

Technology Products ◽

Low Emission ◽

Market Situation ◽

Critical Mineral

Rare earth metals are a group of elements widely used in high technology products. They are included in the group of critical mineral resources for the EU economy. Rare earth elements are found in computers and mobile phones, as well as in low-emission energy technologies. They are also applied in chemical processes as catalysts in the oil refining. Some of them occur even in considerable quantities in the earth's crust but not very often in the concentrations justifying the profitability of their extraction. Additionally, the constantly growing demand and the current market situation cause that alternative resources of rare earth elements recovery are sought after. Therefore, the recovery and separation methods as well as recovery from the secondary sources are becoming more and more important. The following paper presents the possibilities of recovery and separation of rare earth elements from primary and secondary sources.

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Assessment of Environmental Impact of the Gayo Arabica Coffee Production by Wet Process using Life Cycle Assessment

Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis Series E Food Technology ◽

10.2478/aucft-2019-0004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

Ikhsan Diyarma ◽

Tajuddin Bantacut ◽

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Inventory Analysis ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Arabica Coffee ◽

Global Warming Impact ◽

Wet Process ◽

The Impact ◽

Goal And Scope

Abstract Increasement of demand for gayo arabica coffee has influenced the coffee industry, either in increasing the coffee production and also in increasing the usage of coffee machinery and equipment significantly. However, combustion of oil fuels result the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) which increase the effect of greenhouse gases from the coffee production process. This study aimed to analyze the direct impact of gayo coffee production towards environment using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, including several stages such as (1) the goal and scope definition, (2) the inventory analysis, (3) the impact assessment, and (4) the interpretation. Results of this study showed that the energy needed to process 1000 kg of coffee was 7.67 MJ, while the produced liquid waste was 5 953.2 kg. The value of the global warming impact on the coffee life cycle was 56 807 165.63 CO2eq.

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