scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Impact of the Gayo Arabica Coffee Production by Wet Process using Life Cycle Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Ikhsan Diyarma ◽  
Tajuddin Bantacut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Goal And Scope

Abstract Increasement of demand for gayo arabica coffee has influenced the coffee industry, either in increasing the coffee production and also in increasing the usage of coffee machinery and equipment significantly. However, combustion of oil fuels result the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) which increase the effect of greenhouse gases from the coffee production process. This study aimed to analyze the direct impact of gayo coffee production towards environment using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, including several stages such as (1) the goal and scope definition, (2) the inventory analysis, (3) the impact assessment, and (4) the interpretation. Results of this study showed that the energy needed to process 1000 kg of coffee was 7.67 MJ, while the produced liquid waste was 5 953.2 kg. The value of the global warming impact on the coffee life cycle was 56 807 165.63 CO2eq.

Life cycle assessment of dairy farms

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fierly Muhammad Taufiq ◽  
Tri Padmi ◽  
dan Benno Rahardyan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Iso 14040 ◽  
Function Unit ◽  
Maintenance Systems ◽  
Local Farmers ◽  
Goal And Scope ◽  
Goal And Scope Definition

AbstractIn 2013 the population of dairy cattle in Indonesia had reached 636,000 head with a 4.61% growth rate per year. The inputs were energy, water, and feed. These inputs produced outputs, such as emissions, solid waste and liquid waste. This research compared the maintenance systems in modern farms and local farms. The data were collected from 30 local farmers and one modern farm. This research used the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. LCA is based on ISO 14040. LCA consists of several stages: the goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation. This research used the cradle to gate concept and fat corrected milk (FCM) as the function unit. The impacts of these activities could generate global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP). The calculations showed that the systems in local farms had the greatest emissions result over all impacts. In the case of local farms, the GWP was 2.34 kg CO

A Framework for the Integration of System Engineering and Functional Analysis Techniques to the Goal and Scope of Life Cycle Assessment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Esterman ◽  
Maria E. Fumagalli ◽  
Brian Thorn ◽  
Callie Babbitt
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
System Engineering ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Boundary Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Goal And Scope

With the increased concern over the impact that product and processes have on the environment several tools for environmental impact assessment have been developed. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is perhaps the most broadly known and used. The use of LCA is common in industry and there is a growing interest to improve the approach since several unresolved problems have been identified with its use. One important issue to resolve is the proper definition of the functional unit. The stated primary goal of the functional unit in LCA is to ensure comparability of LCA results; however, when reviewing the literature, LCA practitioners remark that comparing LCA studies is a very difficult task. The attributed reasons for this problem are the lack of standardized assumptions and practices, including the definition of the functional unit. Even though several unresolved problems present in LCA have had solutions proposed, a clear and actionable solution to the specific problem of functional unit definition is still not available. This paper will introduce system engineering and functional analysis concepts to the goal and scope definition phase of LCA in order to provide a framework for system definition, system boundary definition, and reference flows identification. System engineering principles and functional analysis have been extensively used to aid the design process, yet these approaches have not been effectively applied to the LCA domain. The benefits associated with the proposed framework include improved comparability of LCAs, dynamic updating of LCAs, and the integration of LCA into early stage product development.

scholarly journals Study of Life Cycle Assessment of Bricks and the Impacts to the Environment in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1200 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
H Adnan ◽  
A T Balasbaneh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Freshwater Eutrophication ◽  
Goal And Scope

Abstract Life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted in order to evaluate the environmental impacts of products chosen from the manufacturing phase and the end-of life cycle of the material and in clay brick and concrete were chose as the observed products. Brick is one of the important construction materials that can be seen at the surrounding. Main objective for this study is to investigate the impact of production of different types of brick to the level of emissions of carbon dioxide to the environment. Four stages of life cycle assessment were conducted before the result for the study analysis can be obtained and that stages including goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) and the interpretation part. The results obtained from the simulation of the Simapro shown that the concrete contributes more negative impact compared production of clay brick in terms of global warming, ozone depletion, formation of fine particulate matter and ozone formation. Manufacture of clay brick contributes more negative impact to the ionizing radiation, freshwater eutrophication and mineral resource scarcity.

scholarly journals Product life cycle assessment (LCA) in the environmental engineering and management aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Aluvihara ◽  
Jagath Kulathilaka
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Goal And Scope

Environmental pollution is an ever found crux with the industrialized world although able to prevent or minimize the environmental pollution through some proper environmental management system. Product life cycle assessment (LCA) is a method of environmental assessment especially for the future plans, products and projects although it is able to assess only the environmental impacts through the product life cycle assessment (LCA). According to the methodology of the implementation of the product life cycle assessment (LCA), it is possible to continue at different stages of the relevant activities as necessary. The implementation of the assessment is done based on four key steps namely as goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment and the interpretation. Under this assessment, basically it is expected to prevent the environmental impacts, mitigate the environmental impacts or find a solution for a future problem that relevant with the activity this is proposed.

scholarly journals PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHOD AS AN EFFECTIVE COMPLEX OF ACTIONS REGARDING THE ECO-SAFETY OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Matis ◽  
Olga Krot
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Iso 14040 ◽  
Product Life ◽  
The Impact

Based on the methods of product life cycle assessment, it is proposed to assess the environmental friendliness of the chemical plant. The LCA method represents the very systematic approach to assessing the environmental impact of production, carried out as a whole over its life cycle from the extraction and processing of raw materials to the use of individual components. It is used to systematically assess the impact of each stage of the production life cycle on the environment. Life cycle inventory analysis includes the collection of data required for the study, as well as the inventory of input (energy, water, raw materials and materials) and output (emissions into the environment, emissions, solid waste disposal, eastern water flows). a system that is a set of single processes interconnected by the flows of semi-finished products used in one or more given functions, with other productive systems and elementary flows with the environment (emissions into the atmosphere, discharges into water). Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a method that should be used to quantify the products and services of the environment carried out during its life cycle (ISO 14040 (2006)). There are several procedures approved by this methodology to support the calculation of the impact on emergencies. The methodology includes commercial software tools that are used directly or indirectly [1]. One of the goals of the LCA is to analyze the development of the production process at the station of emergency facilities. According to ISO 14040 (2006), the product life cycle assessment structure includes: 1) determining the level and scope to limit the study and select a functional unit; 2) analysis of input and output reserves of energy and materials that are important for the study of the research system; 3) life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) to classify environmental impacts; 4) phase interpretation, to test the overall popularity of the conclusion. The LCA can manage information to analyze and support the project and production decision-making process.

scholarly journals Permeable Pavements Life Cycle Assessment: A Literature Review

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Antunes ◽  
Enedir Ghisi ◽  
Liseane Thives
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Permeable Pavements ◽  
Great Heterogeneity ◽  
Goal And Scope

The number of studies involving life cycle assessment has increased significantly in recent years. The life cycle assessment has been applied to assess the environmental performance of water infrastructures, including the environmental impacts associated with construction, maintenance and disposal, mainly evaluating the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the consumption of energy and natural resources. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of permeable pavements and show studies of life cycle assessment that compare the environmental performance of permeable pavements with traditional drainage systems. Although the studies found in the literature present an estimate of the sustainability of permeable pavements, the great heterogeneity in the evaluation methods and results is still notable. Therefore, it is necessary to homogenize the phases of goal and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation. It is also necessary to define the phases and processes of the evaluation, as well as the minimum amount of data to be considered in the modelling of life cycle assessment, in order to avoid heterogeneity in the functional units and other components. Thus, more consistent results will lead to a real evaluation of the environmental impacts caused by permeable pavements. Life cycle assessment studies are essential to guide planning and decision-making, leading to systems that consider increasing water resources and reducing natural disasters and environmental impacts.

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