USE OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR HYDROCARBON FUELS FOR SHIPS PROPULSION IN THE ASPECT OF IMPACT ON THE SAFETY OF NAVIGATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Losiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels

scholarly journals Using alternative fuels in the production of cement / Wykorzystanie paliw alternatywnych przy produkcji cementu

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Bolesław Karwat ◽  
Dariusz Głowiński ◽  
Emil Stańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Cement Plant ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Feeding Systems

Abstract The paper presents a modern approach to environmental protection in a cement plant. The possibilities of using alternative fuels are discussed along with the consequences of using them. The authors describe the feeding systems of impregnated and shredded solid fuels and tyres, as well as of liquid fuels. The basic parameters of alternative fuels used are also discussed

scholarly journals Daphnia Magna Acute Immobilization Test: an Opportunity to Test the Ecotoxicity of Alternative Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Katalin Eszter Hubai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Short Review

The increasing need for environmental protection has led to the development of alternative biofuels. While the use of alternative fuels has significantly increased recently, only a few studies have addressed the problem of their ecotoxicity. The main aim of this work was to provide a short review of the \textit{Daphnia magna} acute immobilization test, which has been the most commonly discussed in the literature.

scholarly journals Alternative Fuels and Technologies for Short Sea Shipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
David Sopta ◽  
Tomislav Bukša ◽  
Juraj Bukša ◽  
Ivan Peronja
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Systematic Overview ◽  
Current State ◽  
Protection Technology

Awareness of the consequences of excessive greenhouse gas emissions in maritime transport has prompted research on the use of alternative fuels and technology, towards environmentally neutral ship propulsion, which has resulted in a number of possibilities. This review provides a systematic overview of the current state of use of ship propulsion and alternative options from the aspect of costs, infrastructure, regulations, availability, environmental protection, technology and the perspective of complete decarbonisation by 2050.

scholarly journals Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Improvement by using Marine Alternative fuels in Maritime Transportation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gamal Elkafas ◽  
Mohamed Khalil ◽  
Mohamed R. Shouman ◽  
Mohamed M. Elgohary
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

Abstract Emissions from vessels are a major environmental concern because of their impacts on the deterioration of the environment, especially global warming of the atmosphere. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) concern significant care to environmental protection through the reduction of exhaust emission and improvement of energy efficiency through technical and operational measures. Among the suggested measures from IMO, the alternative fuel such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has the priority to be used instead of fossil fuels. The present paper calculates the effect of using LNG in a dual fuel engine from Environmental and Energy efficiency perspectives. As a case study, a Container Ship has been investigated. The results of the analysis show that percent of CO2, NOx and SOx emissions reduction corresponding to using a dual-fuel engine operating by LNG instead of a diesel engine operating by Heavy Fuel Oil is about 30.1%,81.44%, and 96.94%, respectively. Also, the attained Energy Efficiency Index Value in the case of using the dual-fuel engine is lower than its value by using diesel engine by about 30% and this value will be 77.18%, 86.84%, and 99.27% of the required value of the first, second and third phases, respectively as recommended by IMO.

scholarly journals Study on Improving Rail Energy Efficiency (E2): Best Practices and Strategies

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviva Brecher ◽  
Melissa Shurland
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Rail Industry

A recent Volpe Center report [1] for the Federal Railroad Administration’s (FRA) Rail Energy, Environment, and Engine (E3) Technology research and development program reviewed rail industry best practices (BPs) and strategies for improving energy efficiency (E2) and environmental sustainability. The review included examples of and opportunities for adoption of international transferrable BPs, and US technologies for equipment, operations and logistics software tools that have measurably improved E2 performance for passenger and freight railroads. Drivers providing renewed impetus for rail industry E2 advances include environmental compliance requirements with US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) locomotive emission standards, US Department of Transportation Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality improvement program grants, state, regional and urban clean diesel campaigns, as well as the FRA National Rail Plan, and High-Speed Intercity Passenger Rail (HSIPR) initiatives. The report presented comparative rail system energy efficiency data and trends relative to competing modes, illustrated the benefits of energy-efficient technologies, and of alternative fuels use. Based on a comprehensive literature review and on experts’ inputs, the report highlighted models of corporate rail sustainability plans and system-wide BPs and success stories. Available rail equipment and operational practices proven to improve E2 with environmental and economic benefits for all rail industry segments were illustrated. Findings and recommendations for further improving rail E2 and sustainability were tailored to the specific needs and goals of intercity and commuter passenger rail, and freight railroads (Class I-III). Key opportunities highlighted included: public-private partnerships (P3) with Federal agencies (FRA, EPA/SmartWay) for joint research, development test and evaluation (RDT&E)on advanced equipment (electric and hybrid, or dual fuel locomotives), or alternative fuels (biodiesel, CNG/LNG, Fuel cells/Hydrogen); participation in international rail organizations (UIC) and trade associations (AAR, AREMA, APTA, AASHTO), and partnering with regional and State environmental protection agencies for cross-enterprise E2 and sustainability improvements.

Combustion of Hydrogen Enriched Hydrocarbon Fuels in Vortex Trapped Combustor

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaouki Ghenai ◽  
Khaled Zbeeb
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Methane Combustion ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emissions

Trapped vortex combustor represents an efficient and compact combustor for flame stability. Combustion stability is achieved through the use of cavities in which recirculation zones of hot products generated by the direct injection of fuel and air are created and acting as a continuous source of ignition for the incoming main fuel-air stream. Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis was performed in this study to test the combustion performance and emissions from the vortex trapped combustor when natural gas fuel (methane) is replaced with renewable and alternative fuels such as hydrogen and synthesis gas. The flame temperature, the flow field, and species concentrations inside the Vortex Trapped Combustor were obtained. The results show that hydrogen enriched hydrocarbon fuels combustion will result in more energy, higher temperature (14% increase when methane is replaced with hydrogen fuels) and NOX emissions, and lower CO2 emissions (50% decrease when methane is replaced with methane/hydrogen mixture with 75% hydrogen fraction). The NOX emission increases when the fraction of hydrogen increases for methane/hydrogen fuel mixture. The results also show that the flame for methane combustion fuel is located in the primary vortex region but it is shifted to the secondary vortex region for hydrogen combustion.

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