Relationship between gender and employment contexts of Bicol University graduates

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddie S. See ◽  
Mary Ann M. See
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Original Research ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Job Level ◽  
College Course ◽  
Scholastic Performance ◽  
First Job

Background: The Bicol University identifies if gender equity is an issue among its graduates. Purpose and Research Objectives: The study sought to identify if there is a relationship between the Bicol University graduates’ gender and their scholastic circumstances and employment/ employment-relevant setting. Sample and Research Design: The study used the 622 questionnaires retrieved in the original research and employed secondary analysis as its research strategy Results: This study found out that gender among the graduates of Bicol University seems to have a bearing on the course they took in college, their present employment and their present occupation. On the other hand, sex appears not to have an influence on the honors they received in college, the reason for taking the college course, their present professional skills, their place of work, the relation of the college course to their first job, the length of time in finding job and the job level. Scholastic performance in college seems not be influenced by sex. The latter also does not have any bearing on the reasons why these graduates took the courses they had in college. Recommendation: Managers in colleges and universities, and the industries may find in these findings some basis for making decisions vis-a-vis male and female Bicol University graduates.

scholarly journals Understanding the transition to work for first degree university graduates in Portugal

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Galego ◽  
António Caleiro
Keyword(s):  
Female Students ◽  
Duration Models ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Transition To Work ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
First Job

A traditional way of looking at the importance of universities assumes that these are sources of positive effects from the viewpoint of the inputs. In accordance to this perspective, the importance of a university can be measured by its regional/national multiplier effects. This perspective can be complemented with the analysis of the issues associated with the transition to work by their graduates. The paper thus analyses the factors that may be important to explain the time to obtain the first job by first degree students, using a sample of students from one university in Portugal. In doing so, we estimate several specifications of discrete-time duration models. The results show that there are significant differences among the students from the several courses and highlight the importance of the final mark in the course. Nevertheless, in particular, we conclude that there are no significant differences between the area of Economics and Management and the area of Engineering and that these study areas are the most successful ones. We also did not find any significant differences between male and female students. Finally, we also conclude that there are significant differences on the probability of leaving unemployment among the several years considered in the sample, which reflects the business cycle.

scholarly journals Asphyxiated Female and Male Newborn Piglets Have Similar Outcomes With Different Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yeon Kim ◽  
Gyu-Hong Shim ◽  
Megan O'Reilly ◽  
Po-Yin Cheung ◽  
Tze-Fun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Sustained Inflation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Male newborns have a greater risk of poor cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes compared to females. The mechanisms associated with the “male disadvantage” remains unclear. We have previously shown no difference between male and female newborn piglets during hypoxia, asphyxia, resuscitation, and post-resuscitation recovery. However, it is unknown if there are differences in resuscitation outcomes between males and females during different cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques.Intervention and Measurements: Secondary analysis of 184 term newborn mixed breed duroc piglets (1–3 days of age, weighing 2.0 (0.2) kg) from seven different studies, which were exposed to 30–50 min of normocapnic hypoxia followed by asphyxia until asystole. This was followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. For the analysis, piglets were divided into male and female groups, as well as resuscitation technique groups (sustained inflation, 3:1 compression-to-ventilation ratio, or asynchronous ventilations during chest compressions). Cardiac function, carotid blood flow, and cerebral oxygenation were continuously recorded throughout the experiment.Main results: Regardless of resuscitation technique, there was no significant difference between males and females in the number achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) [95/123 (77%) vs. 48/61 (79%)], the time to achieve ROSC [112 (80–185) s vs. 110 (77–186) s], and the 4-h survival rate [81/95 (85%) vs. 40/48 (83%)]. Levels of the injury markers interleukin (IL)−1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α in frontoparietal cortex tissue homogenates were similar between males and females.Conclusions: Regardless of resuscitation technique, there was no significant effect of sex on resuscitation outcome, survival, and hemodynamic recovery in asphyxiated newborn piglets.

scholarly journals Efficient Strategies for University Graduates Accessing their First Job. A Review of Insertion Reports

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Mirian Martínez Juárez ◽  
Pilar Martínez Clares ◽  
Javier Pérez Cusó
Keyword(s):  
University Graduates ◽  
First Job

Action Sports, the Olympic Games, and the Opportunities and Challenges for Gender Equity: The Cases of Surfing and Skateboarding

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Wheaton ◽  
Holly Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Action Sports ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Critical Literature

Commentators have suggested that action sports have provided space for more progressive gendered power relations than many more traditional, institutionalized sex-segregated sports. However, as action sports become institutionalized via Olympic inclusion, what are the potential opportunities and challenges for girls and women as both athletes and industry leaders? Drawing on interviews with male and female leaders in surfing and skateboarding industries, media and cultures, and an analysis of niche media, we assess the opportunities for women as the sports prepare for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. The two case studies reveal the different struggles and strategies of women in these two sporting cultures, as well as the roles played by men in supporting cultural change. This article contributes to the critical literature assessing the International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) claims to provide opportunities for diverse groups of women and, more widely, the challenges in establishing effective policies to “empower” girls and women in and through sport.

Strengthening the contribution of scholarship to equity in practice for entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Teresa Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Gender Construction ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Reflective Essay

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the ways to strengthen the contribution of scholarship to gender equity in practice for entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. Research that spotlights gender construction and enactment, including its origins and its discriminatory effects on people, is inherently social action to the degree that it motivates institutional change. For this 10th year recognition of the founding of the International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, the four waves of feminism framework is used to consider our conceptual domain and select practitioners in the gender × entrepreneurship field are interviewed for input on-field needs. Findings are that academics can boost equity in practice by doing original research and promoting research that is more representative, sharing specialized scholarship skills in activist arenas, making the results of academic research available to practitioners and policymakers, and reviewing and validating (or discrediting) information circulating in public spheres. Design/methodology/approach This reflective essay is designed to consider the relevance of scholarship in gender and entrepreneurship to practitioners who participate in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. The concept of the temporal waves of feminism, plus interviews with international practitioners, are used to inform the issues. Findings Findings are that academics can boost equity in practice by doing original research and promoting research that is more representative, sharing specialized scholarship skills in activist arenas, making the results of academic research available to practitioners and policymakers, and reviewing and validating (or discrediting) information circulating in public spheres. Originality/value Scholars of gender and entrepreneurship can look for and create access and meaning for their work with and for practitioners. Bridges to scholarship on gender (e.g. in psychology, anthropology, gender studies, social psychology) can be built to stay current and effective.

Lohnungleichheiten zwischen Akademikerinnen und Akademikern: Der Einfluss von fachlicher Spezialisierung, frauendominierten Fächern und beruflicher Segregation / Wage Inequality between Male and Female University Graduates: The Influence of Occupational Specialization, Female-Dominated Subjects and Occupational Segregation

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Leuze ◽  
Susanne Strauß
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen

ZusammenfassungAuf der Suche nach einer Erklärung für die bestehenden Lohnungleichheiten zwischen Männern und Frauen mit Hochschulabschluss untersucht der Artikel drei verschiedene Erklärungsansätze: Erstens die humankapitaltheoretische Erklärung, dass Frauen durch die Wahl von weniger berufsspezifischen Studienfächern finanzielle Nachteile auf dem Arbeitsmarkt erfahren; zweitens die These der Abwertung von frauendominierten Studienfächern, wie sie von feministisch-kulturellen Theorien beschrieben wird, und drittens die Bedeutung von Berufssegregation für Lohnungleichheiten, die durch die kulturelle Abwertung von Frauenberufen, aber auch durch institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen wie das deutsche System der tariflichen Lohnverhandlungen geprägt ist. Auf der Grundlage des HIS-Absolventenpanels 1997 werden die logarithmierten Brutto-Monatslöhne von vollzeiterwerbstätigen Männern und Frauen fünf Jahre nach Abschluss ihres Studiums modelliert. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen vor allem die These einer Diskriminierung von frauendominierten Studienfächern und Berufen, durch die jeweils 19 bzw. 13 Prozent der Lohnungleichheiten zwischen Akademikerinnen und Akademikern erklärt werden. Die Wahl von berufsunspezifischen Studienfächern scheint hingegen keinen Einfluss auf die Lohnentwicklung zu haben.

Champions of gender equality: female and male executives as leaders of gender change

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Anne de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Change

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine male and female executives as leaders “championing” gender change interventions. It problematizes current exhortations for male leaders to lead gender change, much as they might lead any other business-driven change agenda. It argues that organizational gender scholarship is critical to understanding the gendered nature of championing. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws on a feminist qualitative research project examining the efficacy of a gender intervention in a university and a policing institution. Interviews with four leaders have been chosen from the larger study for analysis against the backdrop of material from interviewees and the participant observation of the researcher. It brings a social constructionist view of gender and Acker’s gendering processes to bear on understanding organizational gender change. Findings – The sex/gender of the leader is inescapably fore-fronted by the gender change intervention. Gendered expectations and choices positioned men as powerful and effective champions while undermining the effectiveness of the woman in this study. Research limitations/implications – Further research examining male and female leaders capacity to champion gender change is required. Practical implications – This research identifies effective champion behaviors, provides suggestions for ensuring that gender equity interventions are well championed and proposes a partnership model where senior men and women play complementary roles leading gender change. Originality/value – This paper is of value to practitioners and scholars. It draws attention to contemporary issues of leadership and gender change, seeking to bridge the gap between theory and practice that undermines our change efforts.

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