Man’s measures. Piotr Mitzner and fundamental anthropological questions

Tekstualia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (62) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rygielska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
World War ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Skull Measurements ◽  
Practical Implications

The articles concerns various possibilities of interpreting Piotr Mitzner’s poem Jest miarąfrom the volume of poems I po kropce (2013). Three important interpretative contexts for Mitzner’s poem can be identifi ed: 1) different ways of understanding Protagoras’ maxim anthroposmetron consi-dered to be the „magnacharta of Western relativism” (G. Reale); 2) the theoretical and practical implications of the development of craniometry, with its connections to the physical and cultural anthropology of the 19th and 20th centuries (along with references to the ideological use of human skull measurements i.e. during the 2nd World War), the refl ection on human cognitive limitations. The formal aspects of Mitzner’s poem that are crucial for its analysis include repetitions, rhythm and graphic and sound arrangement as well as the construction of the implied subject.

Do We Need a Postmodern Anthropology for Mission in a Postcolonial World?

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Rynkiewich
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
World War ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cross Fertilization

Abstract There was a time when mission studies benefitted from a symbiotic relationship with the social sciences. However, it appears that relationship has stagnated and now is waning. The argument is made here, in the case of cultural anthropology both in Europe and the United States, that a once mutually beneficial though sometimes strained relationship has suffered a parting of the ways in recent decades. First, the article reviews the relationships between missionaries and anthropologists before World War II when it was possible to be a ‘missionary anthropologist’ with a foot in both disciplines. In that period, the conversation went two ways with missionary anthropologists making important contributions to anthropology. Then, the article reviews some aspects of the development of the two disciplines after World War II when increasing professionalism in both disciplines and a postmodern turn in anthropology took the disciplines in different directions. Finally, the article asks whether or not the conversation, and thus the cross-fertilization, can be restarted, especially since the youngest generation of anthropologists has recognized the reality of local Christianities in their fields of study.

“Stern Champion of the Human Race, of Man as Human”: Alexander F. Chamberlain and Reform in the Age of Imperialism and Jim Crow

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-864
Author(s):  
JOHN DAVID SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
World War I ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
World War ◽  
African American Culture ◽  
Franz Boas ◽  
Academic Interests

This essay examines the broad and understudied contributions of pioneer American anthropologist Alexander Francis Chamberlain (1865–1914), who earned America's first PhD in anthropology at Clark University under the legendary anthropologist Franz Boas. Before his untimely death on the eve of World War I, and Boas's rise as a leading scientific spokesman of antiracism at Columbia University, Chamberlain contributed as significantly as Boas to the fields of linguistic and cultural anthropology, cross-cultural psychology, child development, comparative folklore, and Native American and African American culture, and to the cause of equality and justice for all humans. Chamberlain subscribed to an antiracist cultural evolutionism, frequently and passionately condemning ethnocentrism and insisting on the “generic humanity” of all persons, of all races. Close reading of Chamberlain's work suggests not that Boas's work mattered less, but rather that both men participated in an emerging debate on the nature and meaning of race that informed social policy and shaped academic interests during the Progressive Era.

Education for tourism: a perspective article

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-262
Author(s):  
David Airey
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
World War ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Tourism Education ◽  
Second World ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to provide a short scholarly review on the development of tourism education that contributes to the celebration of 75 years of the Tourism Review. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on selective literature on the topic. Findings Tourism education has developed into a major field of study in the period since the Second World War, but after a long period of growth, it now faces some important challenges. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on selective literature. Practical implications The review provides a brief overview of the development and challenges for tourism education. Social implications The review provides a brief overview of the development and challenges for tourism education. Originality/value The paper provides a brief overview of developments.

Remembering the Brisbane Protests, 1965–72: The Civil Liberties Movement

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
James Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
World War ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
International Social

Beyond just my bias as a participant, I see a need to place the understanding of the innovative and distinctive character of Brisbane protests of the late 1960s and early 1970s on solid analytical foundations. These protests remain excluded from satisfying historical debate: while acknowledged as the product of the Queensland legacy of illiberality (Lunn; Whitton; Fitzgerald 1985, 1986), their connections with broader national and international social movements are largely ignored. This essay provides important details but points to broader reflections as well in its analysis of the civil liberties movement (CLM). My discussion focuses on the period 1965–75 but places the Brisbane protests historically in the general moves for liberalisation in the aftermath of World War II

The processes of inclusion and exclusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Hayes ◽  
Kerry Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Content Type ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
Class Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Second World ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to revisit the issue of the entry of women into the Anglo-Australian accounting profession in the Second World War and provide insights on the role that gender, class, and ethnicity played in mediating women’s relations with the accounting profession in that period. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on the narratives of three women from diverse social backgrounds who entered the Anglo-Australian profession during this period. Findings The analysis indicates that while participants had the mindset needed for accounting work, the more removed the individual’s perceived social identity was from her perception of the dominant British, white, middle-class ideology of the profession, the less likely she was to embrace the opportunity to join the accounting profession. The distance was anchored in social (ethnicity and class) and historical forces. The study also finds that the appropriation of education and credentials ameliorated disadvantages accruing from gender and working-class status. Practical implications This study has implications for our understanding of the accounting profession and what is required to reduce the risks of marginalization in a contemporary setting. Originality/value The study provides a richer understanding of how class and ethnicity shape the female experience differently. The results also demonstrate that in times of social change, the processes of inclusion and exclusion are not confined to the deliberations of the accounting profession but also the individual. Whether the women valued accounting as an occupation depended on whether or not if offered them the freedom to achieve what they valued most. At the same time, however, the freedom to realize what they valued most was a function of class and ethnicity. Finally, the results demonstrate the capacity of unique experience to shape the perceptions, aspirations and actions of women.

Ten top tips for small to medium enterprise (SME) success

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second World ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – Owner-managed businesses were once the backbone of successful industry in the UK. However in the post-Second World War decades “big business” became the preferred model, with industries developing around new technologies. Today, as large industry is increasingly moving to countries with lower human-resource costs, the small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) is becoming the business model of choice for UK entrepreneurs. Understanding what makes a SME succeed or fail can provide guidance to both individual business owners and government agencies tasked with promoting economic growth. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Of Collapses and Rebirths

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Allied Occupation ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Foreign Occupation ◽  
Post War ◽  
Rising Power ◽  
Second World ◽  
Power And Influence

This chapter analyses German Catholics’ transitions from war to peace during the mid-1940s. Beginning its analysis in summer 1944, the chapter initially explores Catholics’ attitudes as the Reich collapsed under the weight of Allied offensives, and the theological frameworks employed to understand this devastation and defeat. The chapter then proceeds to examine the reasons behind the Catholic Church’s rising power and influence over the later 1940s during the Allied occupation of the Rhineland and Westphalia, and considers whether this reflected continuity or discontinuity from its position during the Second World War itself. The chapter argues that the Catholic Church’s newfound influence during the early post-war period reflected the peculiar circumstances of foreign occupation, with the clergy emerging as champions of the German population’s grievances vis-à-vis the Allied occupiers in the absence of secular German authorities.

Some Problems in Redefining European Expansion as a Historical Discipline: Taking Stock

Itinerario ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
Manfred Mimler
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
World War ◽  
European Expansion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Selection Of

If historians nowadays still talk of “colonial history” they do so because they are at a loss for an adequate term which would express the new quality this discipline has assumed in the course of decolonization. Rudolf von Albertini has edited a volume which presents a number of articles relevant to this problem. In his introduction he emphasizes the departure from the traditional view of overseas empire-building in which only the creative genius of European colonial powers was considered of historical interest — amidst a comparatively static scenery of exotic opacity. He draws attention to the ever growing shift towards a history of the peoples of the Third World which — whether of national or more regional orientation — shows an increasing concern for questions of social and economic history and draws on the latest findings of social and cultural anthropology, thus limiting Europe's role overseas in a decisive way. European worlddominance, once an epoch—making phenomenon, is reduced to a short—term period of alien rule over the majority of the peoples of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Albertini takes account of this change, not only in the selection of the contributions to his volume, but its title reflects this change as well: it is a “new colonial history” that he presents, and Albertini gives us to understand that by this he is not concerned with the periodization of colonial history, but rather with the new approaches in this field since the end of the Second World War.

scholarly journals Tenure structure and perceived social disorder in post-WWII suburban housing estates: A multi-level study with a representative sample of estates

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teemu Kemppainen ◽  
Timo M Kauppinen ◽  
Mats Stjernberg ◽  
Reijo Sund
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Social Disorder ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Tenure Structure ◽  
Practical Implications

Studies on post-World War II housing estates have largely focused on problematic neighbourhoods, and there is a scarcity of literature on housing estates across their entire social scale. Moreover, there is insufficient evidence on the extent to which tenure structure differentiates estates from each other in terms of social disorder. Using a large cluster sample of Finnish estates representing a wide variety of estate neighbourhoods, we examined the implications of tenure structure in terms of social disadvantage and perceived social disorder. We also studied how social interaction and normative regulation mediate the impact of structural estate characteristics. We found that rental domination is associated with social disadvantage, which exposes residents to social disorder, in line with social disorganisation theory. Differences in normative regulation partly explain this association. In contrast, social interaction in the neighbourhood is not associated with the level of perceived social disorder. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

Teaching giants to learn: lessons from army learning in World War II

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Visser
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Learning Organizations ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Second World ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the “truism” that learning organizations cannot be large organizations and, conversely, that large organizations cannot be learning organizations. This paper analyzes learning in the German and US armies in the Second World War, based on a four-dimensional model of the learning organization. Design/methodology/approach The paper entails a secondary analysis of historical and military sources and data. Findings It is found that the German and US armies differed in learning capacity, which can be plausibly, but not exclusively, related to differences in the battlefield performance between those armies in the Second World War. Research limitations/implications The research scope of the paper is limited to the analysis of two particular armies in the Second World War. Implications of theory reside in the importance of organizational learning capacity and its dimensions for learning in current organizations. Practical implications The paper has clear practical implications for large organizations wishing to become effective and responsible learning organizations. Originality/value This is among the first organizational papers to analyze army learning in the Second World War and to derive lessons from that analysis for current large organizations.

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