scholarly journals Arbeid med skriving i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Beate Hellne-Halvorsen ◽  
Halvor Spetalen

Denne artikkelen er basert på en studie om skriving i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen. Med bruk av en kvantitativ spørreundersøkelse av studenter på bachelorutdanningen og kvalitative intervjuer av et utvalg yrkesfaglærerutdannere, som «mixed methods», gir artikkelen et dobbelt perspektiv på hvordan skriving praktiseres i utdanningen sett fra studenters og yrkesfaglærerutdanneres erfaringer og synspunkter. Studien undersøker hvordan studenter utvikler sin skrivekompetanse og hva slags skrivekompetanse som vektlegges i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen. Begrepet «skrivekompetanse» har i denne studien et dobbelt perspektiv; det ene er relatert til disiplin eller fag- og kontekst-spesifikk skriving, det andre til en generisk, overførbar og kontekstuavhengig skrive-kompetanse. Artikkelen diskuterer behovet for en generisk og overførbar skrive-kompetanse når fagkompetanse skal kommuniseres i et tekstbasert arbeidsliv i raske endringer. Dette aspektet vil stå sentralt når studenter på yrkesfaglærerutdanningen skal, som ferdig utdannete yrkesfaglærere, gi opplæring til framtidens fagarbeidere. Den teoretiske innrammingen av studien er basert på en sosiokulturell tilnærming i tråd med New Literacy Studies, og på teorier som utforsker nye perspektiver på literacy og kontekst. Forskningsspørsmålene er: Hva slags skrivekompetanse vektlegges i yrkes-faglærerutdanningen, og hvordan forbereder skrivearbeidet i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen studentene på deres framtidige yrkesliv som yrkesfaglærere? Resultatene viser at studentene har en liten utvikling av skrivekompetansen sin i løpet av bachelor¬utdanningen. En forklaring er at mye skriving i løpet av utdanningen gir skrivetrening og bidrar til å utvikle skrivekompetansen. En annen er læreres eksplisitte undervisning og veiledning. Men lærere i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen praktiserer dette i ulik grad og med ulike vektlegginger på skrivekompetanse. Det siste kan ha sammenheng med lærernes egen kompetanse og synspunkter på behovet for skrivekompetanse rent generelt, men kan også knyttes til institusjonens prioriteringer. Verdt å nevne er at mange studenter etterlyser mer fokus på skriving og å lære å skrive akademiske tekster. Skrivearbeidet i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen har som primært mål å mediere læring og i mindre grad å utvikle studentenes skrivekompetanse i et framtidsperspektiv som yrkes¬faglærere. Nøkkelord: yrkesfaglærerutdanning, skrivekompetanse, generiske og fagspesifikke skriveferdigheter, arbeidslivets behov for skrivekompetanse   Writing practices in Vocational Teacher Education AbstractThis article is based on a study on writing practices in Vocational Teacher Education. By using a quantitative survey of bachelor students and qualitative interviews of a sample of teacher educators, as mixed methods, we got a double perspective on how writing is practiced by experiences and utterances from students and teacher educators. The study explores how students develop their writing competences and what kind of writing competences are emphasized in Vocational Teacher Education. The concept “writing competences” in this study has a dualistic or two-sided approach; one is related to professional, discipline and context specific writing, the other to a generic, transferable and context independent writing competence. The article discusses the need of generic and transferable writing skills as an important part of professional communication in a text-based and fast changing labor market. This aspect will be essential when students as full-fledged vocational teachers shall educate pupils to become skilled workers. The theoretical framing of the study is based on a socio-cultural approach in line with New Literacy Studies, and on theories that explore new perspectives on literacy and context. Our research questions are: What kind of writing competences are emphasized in the Vocational Teacher Education, and how do writing practices prepare students to their future work as vocational teachers? The results show that students have little development of writing competences during their bachelor studies. One explanation is that a lot of writing during education also develops their writing competences. Another is teacher educators’ supervision of writing competences. However, teachers supervise in different ways with focus on different factors of writing skills. The latter is probably related to teachers’ own competences and attitudes towards the need of writing competences in general. But it can also be related to institutional policy and priorities towards writing competences. Worth mention, is that students ask for more focus on writing practices and learning to write academic texts. Writing practices has a primary goal to mediate learning in Vocational Teacher Education, and to a lesser extent to develop students’ writing competences in the perspective of a future as vocational teachers. Keywords: Vocational Teacher Education, writing competences, generic and subject specific writing skills, labor market’s need of writing competences

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Hannula ◽  
Taru Dorra

Being entrepreneurial is a concept which has evoked interest in the context of entrepreneurship education.  It is a desirable quality not only among people already in working life but also among students, teachers and learning organizations.  Teachers are a group who by their own example can serve as a model for others.  Through their own entrepreneurial example teachers can encourage their own students to be entrepreneurial.  Therefore, it is appropriate that the entrepreneurial activities will be learned already during the teacher education. Observations of the entrepreneurial approach of two groups who began their studies at HAMK were initiated in August 2011.  Instead of the normal teacher-led training the groups of students were divided according to the tenets of Problem-Based Learning into small groups. Each group was assigned the responsibility for the independent planning, implementation and assessment of studies pertaining to vocational teacher education.  The task of the instructors was to monitor the activities and to intervene only when necessary.  In the reactions and development of the students the phases of the risk pedagogy model proposed by Paula Kyrö could be discerned- confusion, taking action and learning to take risk. The students in the groups responded twice to questionnaires addressed to them.  The first questionnaire was implemented in the beginning of studies and the second at the end of studies. The observations of the teacher educators and students were also analyzed.  It can be concluded/stated as a conclusion that in the early stage the students were confused, and partly also angry.  Taking action, however, yielded results and the prospective teachers realized that they had coped with the challenges.  Eventually in the course of implementation there actually emerged competition in regards to which group had achieved the highest quality implementation.  Thus through experiences of being teachers, the prospective teachers also learned the matters pertaining being entrepreneurial, such as responsibility and risk-taking. The purpose of this article is to describe the story of the growth of prospective vocational teachers. First we present the key concepts used in the research. Thereafter we describe the studies of the prospective teachers as a whole.  Next we introduce the prospective teachers’ and instructors’ experiences of the implementation phase.  Finally we both draw conclusions about the implementation and endeavor to stimulate discussion on the further development of entrepreneurial education.


Author(s):  
Srikala Naraian ◽  
Mark Surabian

Even as research continues to suggest the potential of assistive technology for improving student outcomes, it remains under-utilized in schools. Among numerous challenges to the effective utilization of assistive technology, research has suggested that educators are inadequately prepared to consider and implement the use of such technologies. In this article, we complement the effort to delineate the competencies needed by teachers for this purpose by suggesting that New Literacy Studies can serve as a generative frame to stimulate the dispositions necessary for a strong commitment to the use of assistive technology (AT) and to increase accessibility in the classroom. Specifically, we examine constructs within sociocultural approaches to literacy, multimodality, and critical literacy, thereby strengthening the interconnections between curriculum, pedagogy, and technology-based support for students with disabilities. We offer several implications of this approach for educators and teacher educators.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viveca Lindberg ◽  
Sofia Louca Jounger ◽  
Maria Christidis ◽  
Nikolaos Christidis

Abstract Background The transition from upper secondary to higher education and from higher education to professional practice requires that students adapt to new literacy practices, academic and professional. However, there is a gap of knowledge regarding literacy practices in dental education. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify what characterizes dental students’ notetaking and secondarily to determine what dental students express regarding their notetaking. Methods To analyze students’ perspectives about the purposes of notetaking and to examine their written notes in depth, three volunteer students, out of the 24 students that voluntarily and anonymously handed in their notes, were interviewed. The three undergraduate dental students that participated in this material-based, semi-structured interview study, framed within a New Literacy Studies approach, were on their third year (6th semester). The focus of these material-based interviews was on each student’s notes. Questions prepared for semi-structured interviews were open-ended and allowed for individual follow-up questions related to the interviewee’s answer. To analyze the outcome of the interviews a thematic analysis was used. Results From the material-based interviews eight themes that relate to what, how and for what purpose students write were discerned. These eight themes include professional vocabulary, core content as well as clinical examples that belong to what students read and write; multimodal accentuation as well as synthesis that belong to how students read and write; and mnemonic strategies, academic purposes, and professional purposes that belong to for what purpose students read and write. Conclusions Findings from the interviews indicate that the digital development, offering a variety of available tools, has expanded the notion of notetaking. This study identified that dental students’ notetaking has changed during their education from initially being synchronous, to also include multimodal and asynchronous writing, making notetaking more of a writing practice. Further, students’ writing practices seem to be motivated by their knowledge formation in relation to a subject matter, but also in relation to their experiences during clinical training. Although, our hypothesis was that the main purpose of notetaking and writing was to pass their course examinations, this study showed that students that were half-way through their dental education, are aware that literacy practices are for learning for their future profession, and not only for passing their exams.


Perspectiva ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Masny

At the moment, there are two literacy theories that seem to dominate the research on literacies. They are known as the New Literacy Studies (NLS) (BARTON; HAMILTON; IVANIČ; 2002; STREET, 2003) and Multiliteracies (COPE; KALANTZIS, 2009). This article is about a different theory, Multiple Literacies Theory (MLT) that demarcates itself from them ontologically and epistemologically. It will also highlight aspects of NLS and Multiliteracies in order to point out the differences with MLT. This article aims to put forward the major concepts that underlie this theory and present vignettes from a study examining how perceptions of writing systems in multilingual children contribute to reading, reading the world and self as texts.


Pragmatics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Lange

Informal, online environments facilitate creative self-expression through typographic and orthographic stylistics. Yet, ideologies of writing may be invoked to discourage written forms that are purportedly difficult to read. This paper analyzes how members of an online, text-based, gaming community negotiate appropriate, written communications as expressions of technical identity. These encounters may reify communities of technologists who are associated with using or avoiding forms such as abbreviations, capital letters, and “leet speak.” Amid the technologizing of the word, the paper argues that those who do not conform to assumed norms may be indexed as less technical than those who do. By examining troubled encounters, the paper explores how metapragmatic negotiations affect creativity and technical identity performance online. The paper argues that contrary to discourses that online interactants pay little attention to written stylistics, the present participants closely attended to subtle and small forms. Further, it discusses how ideologies may be idiosyncratically applied to assist in forming asymmetrical, technical identities. Finally, it argues that technical affiliations are just as important to study as other variables such as gender, ethnicity, age, and class that have traditionally received attention in analyses of ideologies of writing and New Literacy Studies.


Author(s):  
Kristina Love

Midway through the first decade of the new millennium, teachers are still facing considerable challenges in dealing with the complex forms of literacy that are increasingly required for success across the K-12 curriculum in Australia. Three critical areas in particular need to be addressed in teacher education in this regard: teachers’ knowledge about text structures and about how language functions as a resource in the construction of a range of spoken, written, and multi-modal genres; teachers’ understanding of language and text as critical socio-cultural practices and how these practices build disciplinary knowledge across the K-12 curriculum; and teachers’ capacity to choose models of pedagogy that allow learners to master new literacy practices, transform meanings across contexts, and reflect substantively on learning through language. In this chapter, I will outline how a video-based interactive CD-ROM entitled BUILT (Building Understandings in Literacy and Teaching) was developed for use in teacher education to address these concerns. I will conclude by signalling some of the challenges that remain for teacher educators training novice teachers to scaffold, through ICT, their K-12 students into an important range of literacies.


Author(s):  
Elise Seip Tønnessen

This article explores the concept of literacy related to the use of data visualizations. Literacy is here understood as the ability to make sense from semiotic resources in an educational context. Theoretically the discussion is based in social semiotic theory on multimodality in the tradition of New Literacy Studies. Empirical examples are taken from observations in two Social Science classrooms in upper secondary school in Norway, where the students work with publicly available data visualizations to answer tasks designed by their teacher. The discussion sums up factors that affect reading and learning from such complex resources: taking time to explore axis system, variables, and digitally available options; questioning data; and contextualizing results.


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