scholarly journals The chondrocoracoideus muscle: a rare anatomical variant of the pectoral area

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Dionysios Venieratos ◽  
Alexandros Samolis ◽  
Maria Piagkou ◽  
Stergios Douvetzemis ◽  
Alexandrina Kourotzoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Deltoid Muscle ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Old Greek

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Objective</strong>. The study adds important information regarding the descriptive anatomy of a very rarely reported unilateral chondrocoracoideus muscle (of Wood). Additionally it highlights the concomitant muscular and neural alterations. <strong>Case report. </strong>The current case presents the occurrence of a chondrocoracoideus muscle situated left-sided, as an extension of the abdominal portion of the pectoralis major muscle (PM). The chondrocoracoideus coexisted with a contralateral atypical PM, partially blended with the clavicular fibers of the deltoid muscle. There was an accessory head of the biceps brachii while the palmaris longus was absent on the right side of a 78-year-old Greek male cadaver. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. The above mentioned muscular abnormalities are shown as disturbances of embryological pectoral muscle development, and their documentation is essential in order to increase awareness among clinicians of their potential impact on the diagnosis and treatment of several pathologies.</p></div>

scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

scholarly journals Attachment distribution of pectoral muscle origins identified in dual-plane breast implant insertion

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Su Bong Nam ◽  
Kyung Ho Song ◽  
Jung Yeol Seo ◽  
June Seok Choi ◽  
Tae Seo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Dual Plane ◽  
Reconstruction Surgery ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
The Right

Background Implant-based dual-plane augmentation mammoplasty requires accurate separation of the pectoralis major muscle (PMM) at its origins. The authors identified the PMM origins during breast reconstruction surgery with the goal of providing additional information on subpectoral implant insertion for reconstructive or aesthetic purposes.Methods This study was conducted on 67 patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery at the breast center of our hospital between November 2016 and June 2018. In total, 34 left and 39 right hemithoraces were examined. The left and right hemithoraces were each divided into 15 zones to determine the percentage of PMM attachments in each zone. The distribution of PMM origins in each zone was examined to identify any statistically significant differences.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the origins of the PMM between the right and left hemithoraces. The percentage of attachments increased moving from the fourth to the sixth rib and from the lateral to the medial aspect.Conclusions The anatomical findings of this study could be used as a reference for accurate dissection of the origins of the PMM for the preparation of the subpectoral pocket for subpectoral implant placement.

scholarly journals Discovery of anatomic variant of saphenous nerve from human cadaver dissection

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-007
Author(s):  
U. Ahmad ◽  
A. San ◽  
C. See ◽  
C. Taib ◽  
M. Moklas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Saphenous Nerve ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Adductor Canal ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction: Saphenous nerve is the longest and largest pure sensory nerve, supplying the medial side of the thigh, leg and foot. Materials and Methods: In the present case study, during routine cadaveric dissection of the antero-medial part of the thigh, an interesting anomalous pattern of saphenous nerve was seen in the right lower limb of a 62 years old embalmed male cadaver from the Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Results: This saphenous nerve can be recognised as an unusual anatomical variant in which it gives a motor branch to the sartorius muscle during traversing the adductor canal and it was accompanied by blood vessels at the same time. The nerve continues its usual course and pierces the fascia lata, between the tendon of sartorius and gracilis and becomes subcutaneous. Conclusion: Knowledge of the variant anatomy of the saphenous nerve is important to surgeon in avoiding nerve injuries during adductor canal nerve block, nerve entrapment surgery, reconstructive surgery, pain management services and knee surgery successfully.

scholarly journals Unilateral rectus sternalis muscle - a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 172-175
Author(s):  
Smitha S Nair ◽  
K Jayasree ◽  
Ashalatha PR ◽  
Jenish Joy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sternalis Muscle

AbstractRectus sternalis muscle, either unilateral or bilateral is an uncommon anatomical variant among the anterior chest wall muscles. During the routine dissection as a part of undergraduate medical teaching in the department of Anatomy, a unilateral rectus sternalis muscle was noticed on the right hemi thorax in one cadaver, located adjacent to the sternum between the pectoralis major muscle and the superficial fascia of the region. Though rare in occurrence, when present, rectus sternalis muscle demands proper awareness and attention by the clinicians especially radiologists and surgeons, as the ignorance of the existence of this muscle may lead to misinterpretation, incorrect diagnosis and unnecessary clinical interventions. Such anatomical variations should be borne in mind while doing radiological investigations, radiotherapy and surgical procedures in the chest region.

scholarly journals Rectus sternalis muscle - a rare anatomical variant

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Veena Vidya Shankar ◽  
Rahe Rajan ◽  
Komala Nanjundaiah ◽  
Sheshgiri Chowdapurkar
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Breast Mass ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sternalis Muscle ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

AbstractThe Rectus Sternalis muscle is an unusual muscle that is observed on the anterior chest wall. The origin of this muscle is a highly debated variation of the pectoral musculature. We report a case of an abnormal vertically placed muscle - The rectus sternalis muscle, on the right medial side of the anterior chest wall of a male cadaver aged about 80 years. The abnormal presence of this muscle can be misdiagnosed as a breast mass on a routine mammogram. The advantage is its role in reconstruction flap surgeries. Hence knowledge of such an anatomical variant should be kept in mind during diagnostic investigations and surgical procedures.

scholarly journals Third Head of the Biceps Brachii Muscle and a Communication between the Musculocutaneous and Median Nerves: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 051-054
Author(s):  
Caroline Dussin ◽  
Lucas Moyses ◽  
Sávio Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractMany authors have reported and classified several anatomical variations between the musculocutaneous (Mc) and median (Me) nerves, regarding their origin, number, and proximity with the coracobrachialis muscle. There also are, in the scientific community, records classifying the origin of supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii muscle. However, the occurrence of both aforementioned variations in the same arm is very uncommon. During a routine dissection of the right upper limb of a male cadaver, a third head of the biceps brachii was found originating from the fibers of the brachialis muscle, as well as a communicating branch between the Mc and the Me nerves, in the same limb. The objective of the present case report is to describe these multiple variations found, relating them and discussing their relevant clinical implications.

scholarly journals Absence of the musculocutaneous nerve: a rare anatomical variation with possible clinical-surgical implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani ◽  
Maria Inez Marcondes Macéa ◽  
Celina Siqueira Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Mirna Duarte Barros ◽  
José Rafael Macéa
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
The Third ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unknown Case

CONTEXT: The musculocutaneous nerve is one of the terminal branches of the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, and is responsible for innervation of the flexor musculature of the elbow and for skin sensitivity on the lateral surface of the forearm. Its absence has been described previously, but its real prevalence is unknown. CASE REPORT: A case of absence of the musculocutaneous nerve that was observed during the dissection of the right arm of a male cadaver is described. The area of innervation was supplied by the median nerve. From this, three branches emerged: one to the coracobrachialis muscle, another to the biceps brachii muscle and the third to the brachialis muscle. This last branch continued as a lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. This is an anatomical variation that has clinical-surgical implications, considering that injury to the median nerve in this case would have caused unexpected paralysis of the flexor musculature of the elbow and hypoesthesia of the lateral surface of the forearm.

scholarly journals Unilateral Four-Headed Pectoralis Muscle Major

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheed Bani Hammad ◽  
Adel Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Pectoralis Muscle ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Caucasian Male ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Long Head

A unilateral four-headed pectoralis major muscle was observed on the left side of an 83 year-old Caucasian male cadaver. The accessory tendon arises from the lateral aspect of the pectoralis major muscle, travels along with the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii and blends into the capsule of the shoulder joint. This anomaly is rare. A complete or partial absence of pectoralis major muscle is normally reported. Additionally, supernumerary heads of muscles other than pectoralis major have been documented. However, the existence of an accessory tendon to the pectoralis major muscle is unique. The implications of such a finding are discussed.

scholarly journals Axillary arch muscle

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sharma ◽  
RK Singla ◽  
G Agnihotri ◽  
R Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Axillary Arch ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Axillary Region ◽  
Muscular Variation ◽  
The Right

Langer'arch is one of the rare muscular variation in the axillary region. In the present article, a case of 50 year old male cadaver with axillary arch in the right axillary region is being reported. It originated from anterior border of latissimus dorsi and merged with short head of biceps brachii. The embryological derivation, genetic basis and clinical implication of this muscular variant are also discussed. Key words: Axillary arch muscle; langer's arch; Panniculus carnosus DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i4.2770 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.4 Issue 28, 432-434

scholarly journals Unilateral variant motor innervations of flexure muscles of arm

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Yogesh ◽  
M Joshi ◽  
V K Chimurkar ◽  
R R Marathe
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Muscular Branch ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACTThe musculocutaneous nerve usually branches out from the lateral cord of brachial plexus. It innervates the corcobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis muscles and continues as the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm without exhibiting any communication with the median nerve or any other nerve. We report unilateral variation in motor innervations of the left arm in a 58-year-old male cadaver. The musculocutaneous nerve was found to be absent. A muscular branch of the median nerve was supplying the coracobrachialis muscle. In the middle of arm, the median nerve was found to be branching out, bifurcating and supplying the long and short head of biceps. The median nerve was found to be giving a separate branch, which supplied the brachialis muscle and continued as the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm. The right sided structures were found to be normal. Surgeons should keep such variations in mind while performing arm surgeries.

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