SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE TRAUMA OF PEDESTRIANS INVOLVED IN ROAD ACCIDENTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Hall ◽  
A. J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting

Identifying the Factors Affecting the Probability of Accident Severity in Community Road - Focusing on Seoul City

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 860-865
Author(s):  
You Jin Lim ◽  
Hak Ryong Moon ◽  
Won Pyoung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Technique ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Accident Severity

Since a variety of factors are associated with crash occurrence, the analysis of causes of crash is a hard task for traffic researchers and engineers. This study was attempted to identify factors affecting severity of the community road accidents. In particular, our analyses were focused on the community road accidents. A binary logistic regression technique was adopted for the analyses. The results showed that pedestrians of 65 years or older, cloudy, fence (sidewalk/driveway barrier), drivers of 24 years or younger, left/right turning, female pedestrian, non-business vehicle were dominant factors for the severity.

Deceleration of sliding motorcycles (mainly scooters) in accident reconstructions

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 866-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cialdai ◽  
Dario Vangi ◽  
Antonio Virga
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Energy Dissipated ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Two Wheeler ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper presents an analysis of the situation in which a two-wheeler (i.e. a motorcycle, where the term motorcycles includes scooters) falls over to the side and then successively slides; this typically occurs in road accidents involving this type of vehicle. Knowing the deceleration rate of the sliding phase allows the kinetic energy dissipated and the speed of the motorcycle just before the fall to the ground to be calculated. These parameters are very important in the analysis and reconstruction of accidents. The work presented in this paper was developed in two experimental test sessions on fully faired motorcycles which are mainly of the scooter type and widely used in urban areas. In the first session, sliding tests were carried out, with the speed in the range 10–50 km/h, on three different types of road surface. Analysis of the evidence allowed the dissipative main phases of motion of the motorcycle (the impact with the ground, the rebounds and the stabilized swiping) to be identified and some factors affecting the phenomenon to be studied. The coefficient of average deceleration was calculated using two typical equations. The second test session consisted of drag tests. In these tests, the motorcycle, which had previously laid on its side, was dragged for a few metres at a constant speed of about 20 km/h, while the drag force was measured. A comparison of the results obtained in these tests with those obtained in the sliding tests yielded very good agreement in the coefficients of deceleration.

Factors Affecting Road Accidents Measure

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Azadeh ◽  
Mansour Zarrin ◽  
Mehdi Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting

Effect of Rainfall Intensity and Road Crossfall on Skid Resistance of Asphalt Pavement

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haryati Yaacob ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Sudesh Nair A/L Baskara
Keyword(s):  
Weather Condition ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pendulum Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sand Patch ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Major Factors

Skidding is one of the major factors to road accidents during wet weather condition. Skidding during wet weather happens when water film presents between the tyre and pavement reducing the friction of tyre onto the road surface. This laboratory study was carried out to investigate the factors affecting Pendulum Test Value on Asphaltic Concrete surfaces. The main objective of this study is to determine the pavement type and the crossfall percentage that best resist skid during wet weather condition. Three different types of dense graded mixes were used in this study which are AC10, AC14 and AC20. Those three constructed mixes were tested using Sand Patch Test (SPT) and were then subjected to various rainfall conditions and crossfall percentages using Rainfall Simulator. The rainfall conditions are categorized as low rainfall, medium rainfall and high rainfall while the crossfalls were increased 2% from 0% to 10% crossfalls. During the event of rainfall on each pavement surfaces, a British Pendulum Tester (BPT) was used on the pavements to obtain the Pendulum Test Value (PTV) at different crossfalls. Collected data are analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to justify the objectives. Results from PTV shows that 4% to 10% crossfall is the best crossfall and AC20 is the best surface type in resisting skid.

scholarly journals HOW USUAL BEHAVIOUR CAN AFFECT PERCEIVED DRIVERS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE WHILE DRIVING

Transport ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Stephen Cardamone ◽  
Laura Eboli ◽  
Carmen Forciniti ◽  
Gabriella Mazzulla
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Accident Severity

Road accidents have a relevant impact in terms of economic and social costs. As a consequence, many research studies have focused on identifying the key factors affecting accident severity. Traditionally, these factors can be included in the infrastructural, human and vehicle groups. Among these, human factors have a relevant impact on accident severity, which depends on driving experience, driver’s socio-economic characteristics, and driving behaviour, but also on the driver’s psychological state while driving. In this paper we investigate on the relationships between driving behaviour usually taken by the driver and his/her perceived psychological state while driving. In order to achieve this goal we adopt an Ordered Probit (OP) model formulation calibrated on the basis of experimental data collected by a sample survey. We demonstrate that the adopted methodology accounts for the differential impacts of certain human factors on driver’s psychological state.

Factors Affecting a Fatal Outcome in Road Accidents

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Bull ◽  
P.A.B. Raffle
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The North

The North Report mentioned the question of whether charges and/or sentencing should be modified by fatal outcome following offences involving bad driving. This note classifies factors relating to the accident, the casualty and medical care which may, often fortuitously, determine a fatal outcome. It is suggested that these should be borne in mind in deciding offences and sentencing.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nowruz 2016 and Nowruz 2017 Accidents Data in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Rahmani Daranjani ◽  
◽  
Mahmoud Rezaeizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Background: Road traffic accidents are currently among the most essential public health issues. According to the World Health Organization, given the rapid growth of road transport globally, road traffic accidents could be the third leading cause of death and disability in the world by 2020. This article examined the role of the human factor in road accidents during the Nowruz holidays, as a major cultural event in Iran. Materials and Methods: We explored the data of road accidents that occurred in Nowruz in 2016 and 2017 in Iran. Traffic accident data concerning the Nowruz holidays of 2016 and 2017 were collected by census method of sampling and based on the report of highway police. Additionally, the frequency of these accidents was analyzed according to travel time, accident type, gender, age, education, and vehicle type in different provinces. Results: The present study findings suggested that among human factors affecting Nowruz accidents in 2016 and 2017, the highest frequency belonged to unnecessary speeding. As in 2016 and 2017, it was the main responsible characteristic for 56.42% and 55.01% of accidents, respectively. In Nowruz 2016, the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, and Khuzestan; in Nowruz 2017, the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, and Gilan encountered the highest rates of accidents leading to injuries and deaths. Conclusion: To control unnecessary speeding and regulations disregard, planning for culturizing and the community-level education are suggested. Besides, increasing the quality and intelligence of vehicles and the construction of sliders, vertical lines on the road, warning signs, and billboards could help reduce the rate of accidents. Creating a working group of experts in psychology, traffic, etc., to study the pathology of dangerous behaviors, useless haste, and disregard for regulations and providing solutions could also be effective.

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