scholarly journals Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Lateral Flow Method for Aflatoxin B1 Analysis in Dry Dog Food

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-488
Author(s):  
Daljit Vudathala ◽  
Jakub Klobut ◽  
Margie Cummings ◽  
Andriy Tkachenko ◽  
Renate Reimschuessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Fda Guidance ◽  
Dog Food ◽  
Limit Test

Abstract Background: Aflatoxins are one of the most heavily regulated mycotoxins in agriculture throughout the world. A variety of tests are used for detection, including rapid methods that are preferred when a large number of samples need to be quickly screened to implement an immediate action. However, a method developed for screening a specific commodity for the presence of mycotoxins requires further validation to demonstrate its suitability for additional matrices. Objective: In this study, a study was undertaken to evaluate a rapid screening method for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in dry dog food, a product potentially susceptible to aflatoxins contamination. Method: This test method employed lateral flow technology using kits obtained from Charm Sciences Inc. Three different sources of dry dog food were tested at the FDA action level of 20 ppb (ng/g) in three trials of a multi-laboratory study by four participants. A total of 80 unfortified blank samples, 270 samples spiked at 20 ppb, and 60 samples spiked below 20 ppb were analyzed. Results: The overall pass rates of 100% for unfortified samples and > 97% for 20 ppb-fortified samples meet the FDA guidance acceptance criteria for a limit test of 10-15% false positives and no more than 5% false negatives. Conclusions: The method is suitable for screening a large number of dry dog food samples for rapid response. Highlights: Multi-laboratory evaluation of a rapid method for aflatoxin screening in dog food.

scholarly journals Developing Gold Nanoparticles-Conjugated Aflatoxin B1 Antifungal Strips

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobiloba Sojinrin ◽  
Kangze Liu ◽  
Kan Wang ◽  
Daxiang Cui ◽  
Hugh J. Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Lateral flow immunochromatographic assays are a powerful diagnostic tool for point-of-care tests, based on their simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity. In this study, a rapid and sensitive gold nanoparticle (AuNP) immunochromatographic strip is produced for detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in suspicious fungi-contaminated food samples. The 10 nm AuNPs were encompassed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and AFB1 antibody. Thin-layer chromatography, gel electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed for analysing the chemical complexes. Various concentrations of AFB1 antigen (0–16 ng/mL) were tested with AFB1 antibody–BSA–AuNPs (conjugated AuNPs) and then analysed by scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Zetasizer. The results showed that the AFB1 antibody was coupled to BSA by the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester method. The AuNPs application has the potential to contribute to AFB1 detection by monitoring a visible colour change from red to purple-blue, with a detection limit of 2 ng/mL in a 96-well plate. The lateral flow immunochromatographic strip tests are rapid, taking less than 10 min., and they have a detection capacity of 10 ng/g. The smartphone analysis of strips provided the results in 3 s, with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/g for AFB1 when the concentration was below 10 ng/g. Excellent agreement was found with AFB1 determination by high-performance liquid chromatography in the determination of AFB1 among 20 samples of peanuts, corn, rice, and bread.

scholarly journals Development of Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assays Using Colloidal Au Sphere and Nanorods as Signal Marker for the Determination of Zearalenone in Cereals

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfei Pan ◽  
Tianyu Ma ◽  
Jingying Yang ◽  
Shijie Li ◽  
Shengmiao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Colloidal Au ◽  
Short Time

This paper describes the development of lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) using colloidal Au sphere (SP) and nanorods (NRs) as signal markers for the determination of zearalenone (ZEN) in cereals. The developed ICAs can detect the analyte ZEN within a short time (10 min), and achieve lower limit of detection (LOD). This is the first time that the AuNRs are used as signal probe in immune test strip for ZEN detection. For colloidal AuSP immunochromatographic analysis (AuSP-ICA), the LODs in solution and spiked cereal sample were 5.0 μg L−1 and 60 μg kg−1, and for AuNRs immunochromatographic analysis (AuNRs-ICA) the two LODs achieved 3.0 μg L−1 and 40 μg kg−1, respectively. These two proposed ICAs have minor cross-reaction to the structural analogs of ZEN, and no cross-reactivity with aflatoxin B1, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1. Both of the developed ICAs can specifically and sensitively detect ZEN in cereals, providing an effective strategy for rapid screening and detection of ZEN in a large number of food samples.

scholarly journals Detection of Leguminous Protein in Casein by Nitrogen Stable Isotopes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Joachim Molkentin
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Food Control ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotopes ◽  
Imitation Cheese ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Casein can legally be substituted with cheaper leguminous proteins in processed foods, such as imitation cheese, as long as the ingredients are declared. The detection of illegal admixtures of leguminous protein requires analytical procedures to identify an undisclosed adulteration of milk products. To investigate the suitability of stable isotope analyses as an alternative to more sophisticated methods, variations in d15N of soya (n = 27) and peanut (n = 10) protein, as well as casein (n = 14) were determined. Significant differences were established between d15N of casein (4.45 – 6.94‰) and soya (0.25 – 2.37‰) as well as peanut (0.70 – 2.13‰) protein. An average limit of detection for leguminous protein in casein was determined to be 2.1%, provided both components were available for additional analyses. Under practical conditions of food control, i.e., without having access to the actual ingredients, the variability of d15N resulted in an average limit of detection of 26.4%. Because protein d15N can be determined rapidly in crude food samples without elaborate sample preparation, stable isotope analysis can be used as a rapid screening method to determine the presence of higher amounts of leguminous protein in cheese and, in particular, to easily distinguish imitation cheese from cheese.

scholarly journals Combining E-Nose and Lateral Flow Immunoassays (LFIAs) for Rapid Occurrence/Co-Occurrence Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Detection in Maize

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Ottoboni ◽  
Luciano Pinotti ◽  
Marco Tretola ◽  
Carlotta Giromini ◽  
Eleonora Fusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Maize Kernel ◽  
Stepwise Variable Selection ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Validation Procedure ◽  
Rapid Screening Method ◽  
Potential Use

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of an e-nose in combination with lateral flow immunoassays for rapid aflatoxin and fumonisin occurrence/co-occurrence detection in maize samples. For this purpose, 161 samples of corn have been used. Below the regulatory limits, single-contaminated, and co-contaminated samples were classified according to the detection ranges established for commercial lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) for mycotoxin determination. Correspondence between methods was evaluated by discriminant function analysis (DFA) procedures using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Stepwise variable selection was done to select the e-nose sensors for classifying samples by DFA. The overall leave-out-one cross-validated percentage of samples correctly classified by the eight-variate DFA model for aflatoxin was 81%. The overall leave-out-one cross-validated percentage of samples correctly classified by the seven-variate DFA model for fumonisin was 85%. The overall leave-out-one cross-validated percentage of samples correctly classified by the nine-variate DFA model for the three classes of contamination (below the regulatory limits, single-contaminated, co-contaminated) was 65%. Therefore, even though an exhaustive evaluation will require a larger dataset to perform a validation procedure, an electronic nose (e-nose) seems to be a promising rapid/screening method to detect contamination by aflatoxin, fumonisin, or both in maize kernel stocks.

Rapid Screening Method for Aflatoxins and Zearalenone in Corn

1975 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Thomas ◽  
Robert M Eppley ◽  
Mary W Trucksess
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Copper Carbonate ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Rapid Screening Method

Abstract The methanol-water extraction system used in AOAC Method II for aflatoxins extracts both the aflatoxins and zearalenone from corn. Using this methanol-water extraction system as a base, a rapid screening procedure has been developed for these mycotoxins. The methanol-water extract is defatted with hexane and the pigments are precipitated with copper carbonate. The aflatoxins and zearalenone are subsequently extracted into chloroform and are then detected by half-plate TLC. An elapsed time of about 1 hr is required to analyze 1 sample. The sensitivity of the method is about 2 μg/kg for aflatoxin B1 and 100 μg/kg for zearalenone.

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