scholarly journals Atributos químicos do solo e produtividade da soja após milho, braquiária e feijão-caupi em latossolo na região do cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Luan Marlon Ribeiro ◽  
Willian Daniel de Souza ◽  
Gessí Ceccon
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Red Latosol

The objective of this study was to evaluate soil chemical attributes and yield components of soybean after maize, brachiaria and cowpea in an oxisol in the Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa-CPAO experimental area in Dourados-MS, Brazil, in the 2014/15 crop year, in a clayey dystroferric Red Latosol under no-tillage system (SPD). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with split plots with four replications. The soil chemical evaluations were carried out in soybean R1stage, being considered as the main plot the fall-winter crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis, safrinha corn, intercropping with B. ruziziensisand cowpea) and the subplots as soil depths (0-10; 10-20; 20-30 and 30-40 cm). For soybean yield components, fall-winter crops and subplots were soybean cultivars (BRS 284 and BRS 360 RR). In general, previous soybean crops in SPD provided higher contents of some nutrients at depths from 0 to 10 cm, in addition to higher cation exchange capacity, base saturation and soil organic matter. Cowpea, safrinha corn and B. ruziziensisprovided conditions for higher soybean yield. BRS 284 presented higher number of grains per plant, however BRS 360 RR proved to be more productive.

scholarly journals Soil chemical properties affected by cover crops under no-tillage system

Revista CERES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan Nascente ◽  
Luis Fernando Stone ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Tillage System

The use of cover crops in no-tillage systems (NTS) can significantly improve the soil's fertility. Thus, a study was performed to evaluate changes in chemical properties of soil caused by cover crops in a no-tillage system. The field experiment consisted of the following crop rotation: cover crops/rice/cover crops/rice. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replications. Treatments consisted of four cover crops (Brachiaria brizantha(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Marandu, Brachiaria ruziziensis R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard, Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Colonião, and Pennisetum glaucum(L.) R. Br. cv. BN-2) and fallow (control treatment). Soil samples were collected at the beginning of the summer crop in Oct 2007, Oct 2008 and Oct 2009 at 0-5 cm soil depth. The use of cover crops provided for a significant increase in the level of nutrients, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation in the soil. Soil fertility improved from the first to second year with the growing of cover crops. The soil under cover crops P. glaucum, B. ruziziensis, and B. brizantha showed higher fertility than the area under fallow.

scholarly journals Chemical attributes of a Hapludox soil after nine years of pig slurry application

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1766-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton da Veiga ◽  
Carla Maria Pandolfo ◽  
Alvadi Antonio Balbinot Junior ◽  
Evandro Spagnollo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Cu And Zn

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pig slurry application effects on chemical attributes of a Hapludox soil managed under no-tillage system. Treatments consisted of 50, 100 and 200 m³ ha-1 per year of pig slurry application, and a control with replacement of P and K exported through harvested grains. Attributes related to soil chemical reaction, exchange complex, and nutrient contents were determined in soil samples collected in the ninth year of experimentation from 0 - 0.025, 0.025 - 0.05, 0.05 - 0.10, 0.10 - 0.20, 0.20 - 0.40 and 0.40 - 0.60 m soil depths. The continuous application of high doses of pig slurry on the Oxisol surface under no-tillage acidifies the soil and increases Al, P, Cu, and Zn contents down to 0.2-m depth, and K levels down to 0.6-m depth.

scholarly journals Performance of fall and winter crops in a no tillage system in west Paraná State

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 34999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Fábio Henrique Krenchinski ◽  
Alcides De Oliveira Gomes ◽  
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Mateus Dalpubel Mattiuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Winter Crops

scholarly journals Interference of GR® Volunteer Corn Population and Origin on Soybean Grain Yield Losses

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. PIASECKI ◽  
M.A. RIZZARDI ◽  
D.P. SCHWADE ◽  
M. TRES ◽  
J. SARTORI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Maximum Loss ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Volunteer Corn ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: The cultivation of GR® maize prior to soybean, mainly in the no-tillage system favors the higher occurrence of GR® volunteer corn interfering in soybean crops. Volunteer corn originate from seeds that were lost during harvest or from non-harvested seeds from the field; these are individual seeds, originating individual plants, or several seeds adhered to segments of the rachis, which originate clumps. Volunteer corn in the form of clumps predominates in soybean crops, but little information about its effect on soybean is available in the literature. During two years, three experiments were carried out with the objective of evaluate the impact of the interference of GR® F2 generation volunteer corn populations coming from individual and clump seeds (seven corn plants emerged at the same point) over soybean yield components and grain yield. The results show that losses in soybean yield components and grain yield are influenced by the population and origin of volunteer corn. Clumps cause losses over 90% for populations above four clumps m-2, while the mean maximum loss observed for individual plants was 83% in the largest studied populations. Soybean yield decreased significantly when competing with populations below one plant or clump m-2, being 16% and 46% in the population of 0.5 individual plant and clump m-2, respectively.

scholarly journals Correlations of soybean yield with soil porosity and bulk density of an Oxisol

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-485
Author(s):  
Sérgio Ricardo Lima Negro ◽  
Diego dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Rafael Montanari ◽  
Flávio Carlos Dalchiavon ◽  
Christtiane Fernandes Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Volumetric Flask ◽  
Soil Attributes

ABSTRACT The spatial variability of soil physical attributes is important to indicate management practices that best suit agricultural areas. This study aimed to analyze spatial correlations between soybean grain yield and soil mass-volume relationships, in order to select which attribute is correlated with yield, as well as to evaluate the spatial variability of soil attributes and yield components of this crop, in an Oxisol under no-tillage system. The soil attributes analyzed (0.0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m) were the following ones: soil bulk density (paraffin-coated clod and volumetric ring methods), particle density (volumetric flask and modified volumetric flask methods) and total porosity. The soybean yield components were evaluated as it follows: grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of 100 grains, grain mass per plant, plant population and plant height. The total soil porosity, calculated by the relations between the bulk density (volumetric ring method) and particle density (volumetric flask), in the 0.10-0.20 m layer, was the best indicator of soybean grain yield under no-tillage conditions.

scholarly journals Leaching of the S-metolachlor herbicide associated with paraquat or glyphosate in a no-tillage system

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Luis Nunes ◽  
Ribas Antonio Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Residual Herbicide

ABSTRACT The combined use of desiccant and residual herbicides is a common management practice under no-tillage systems. However, the effect of desiccant herbicides and mulch on the leaching of residual herbicide is unknown. This study aimed at assessing the leaching of the S-metolachlor herbicide applied to ryegrass sequentially or in association with paraquat or glyphosate. A randomized blocks design was used, with four repetitions and treatments distributed over split-plots. The desiccant herbicides paraquat (600 g ha-1) or glyphosate (720 g ha-1) were used in the main plot, while S-metolachlor (2,800 g ha-1) was applied sequentially or in association with the desiccant herbicides in the subplots. There was also a control containing only desiccant herbicide, with no application of residual herbicide. The type of desiccant did not affect the leaching of the residual herbicide. In addition, the chosen method to apply the residual herbicide, sequentially or in association with the desiccant, did not impact the S-metolachlor behavior in the soil. The bioavailable concentration in the soil, 25 days after the application, was 90 g a.i. ha-1, at a depth of 18 cm.

Spring- and Fall-Tillage System Effects on Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Emergence from a Coastal Plain Soil2

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Chapin ◽  
J. S. Thomas ◽  
M. J. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Southeastern Coastal Plain

Fall emergence of Hessian fly, (HF) Mayetiola destructor (Say), was measured from wheat stubble subjected to combinations of spring burning and tillage, and fall tillage in the South Carolina Coastal Plain. In a split-plot experiment, the main-plot effect was a spring treatment, consisting of either: no-tillage, burning, disking, burning and disking or bottom-plowing. The subplot effect was fall tillage (either disking or no-tillage). Among the spring treatments, burning alone gave no reduction in HF emergence. Spring disking reduced HF emergence 54%. Spring burning plus disking reduced emergence 70–96%. No emergence was detected from the bottom-plowed treatments. Fall disking reduced emergence 48–50% in plots that had no spring tillage. Plots disked in both the fall and spring had the same level of HF emergence as plots disked only in the spring or only in the fall. Fall disking greatly increased emergence (up to 23×) from plots where HF had been effectively buried in the spring (previously burned and disked). The disk harrow is the primary tillage implement in the southeastern Coastal Plain, and disking wheat stubble substantially reduced HF emergence. However, repetitive disking can be of limited value or detrimental, in reducing HF emergence from some Coastal Plain soils, in that previously buried puparia might be returned to the soil surface. There was no apparent effect of tillage on emergence timing.

PERÍODOS DE DESSECAÇÃO DO CAPIM RUZIZIENSIS E SEUS EFEITOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA SILVA ◽  
MARILUCE PASCOINA NEPOMUCENO ◽  
ANDREISA FLORES BRAGA ◽  
PEDRO LUÍS DA COSTA AGUIAR ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Maize Plants

RESUMO – Considerando que há relatos de possível intoxicação de milho por causa da dessecação de capim braquiária, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o melhor período para semear o milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação da cobertura. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em seis períodos de dessecação do capim ruziziensis (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 e 0 dias antes da semeadura do milho) e uma testemunha sem cobertura. As dessecações foram feitas em pleno florescimento do capim ruziziensis com glyphosate a 1,44 kg ha-1. Foram avaliadas as plantas de milho aos 30 e 50 dias após a semeadura (DAS) quanto à altura, área foliar, massa seca de folhas e caule. Aos 150 DAS, foi avaliada a altura de plantas e a inserção da espiga, diâmetro e comprimento da espiga, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos. A dessecação do capim ruziziensis no mesmo dia da semeadura do milho reduziu a altura das plantas, a altura de inserção da espiga, o diâmetro da espiga e a produtividade de grãos. A melhor época para a semeadura do milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação de capim ruziziensis com glyphosate foi aos 25 dias após a dessecação.Palavras-chaves: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cobertura vegetal, plantio direto, glyphosate. EFFECTS OF DESICCATION PERIODS OF RUZIZIENSIS GRASS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE  ABSTRACT - Considering the possible occurrence of maize intoxication due to the desiccation of ruziziensis grass, the objective of this study was to evaluate the best period for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ in the no-tillage system. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The treatments consisted of six periods of desiccation of ruziziensis grass (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 and 0 days before sowing maize) and one control without cover. The desiccations were done at full bloom of the ruziziensis grass with glyphosate at 1.44 kg ha-1. The maize plants were evaluated at 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS) for height, leaf area, leaf and stem dry biomass. At 150 DAS, plant height and cob insertion, cob diameter and length, 100 grain mass and yield were evaluated. The desiccation of ruziziensis grass in the same day of maize sowing caused reduction in plant height, cob insertion height, cob diameter and yield. The best time for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ was 25 days after desiccation of ruziziensis grass with glyphosate.Keywords: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cover crop, no-tillage, glyphosate.

scholarly journals Crop sequences in no-tillage system: effects on soil fertility and soybean, maize and rice yield

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Valente Marcelo ◽  
José Eduardo Corá ◽  
Carolina Fernandes ◽  
Márcio dos Reis Martins ◽  
Ricardo Falqueto Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Rice Bean ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Winter Crops

Decomposing crop residues in no-tillage system can alter soil chemical properties, which may consequently influence the productivity of succession crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil chemical properties and soybean, maize and rice yield, grown in the summer, after winter crops in a no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil (21 ° 15 ' 22 '' S; 48 ° 18 ' 58 '' W) on a Red Latosol (Oxisol), in a completely randomized block design, in strip plots with three replications. The treatments consisted of four summer crop sequences (maize monocrop, soybean monocrop, soybean/maize rotation and rice/bean/cotton rotation) combined with seven winter crops (maize, sunflower, oilseed radish, pearl millet, pigeon pea, grain sorghum and sunn hemp). The experiment began in September 2002. After the winter crops in the 2005/2006 growing season and before the sowing of summer crops in the 2006/2007 season, soil samples were collected in the layers 0-2.5; 2.5-5.0; 5-10; 10-20; and 20-30 cm. Organic matter, pH, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and H + Al were determined in each soil sample. In the summer soybean/maize rotation and in maize the organic matter contents and P levels were lower, in the layers 0-10 cm and 0-20 cm, respectively. Summer rice/bean/cotton rotation increased soil K levels at 0-10 cm depth when sunn hemp and oilseed radish had previously been grown in the winter, and in the 0-2.5 cm layer for millet. Sunn hemp, millet, oilseed radish and sorghum grown in the winter increased organic matter contents in the soil down to 30 cm. Higher P levels were found at the depths 0-2.5 cm and 0-5 cm, respectively, when sunn hemp and oilseed radish were grown in the winter. Highest grain yields for soybean in monoculture were obtained in succession to winter oilseed radish and sunn hemp and in rotation with maize, after oilseed radish, sunn hemp and millet. Maize yields were highest in succession to winter oilseed radish, millet and pigeon pea. Rice yields were lowest when grown after sorghum.

Soil microbiological attributes under summer/winter crops rotation in a no-tillage system

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clovis Daniel Borges ◽  
José Eduardo Corá ◽  
José Carlos Barbosa ◽  
Ely Nahas
Keyword(s):  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Winter Crops
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